Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Summer 2013 Revising Common Core Georgia Performance Standards Statistics Lesson Plans to Better Align with Statistical Practice Rachel Bonilla Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Part of the Applied Statistics Commons, and the Categorical Data Analysis Commons Recommended Citation Bonilla, Rachel, "Revising Common Core Georgia Performance Standards Statistics Lesson Plans to Better Align with Statistical Practice" (2013). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 833. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/833 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REVISING COMMON CORE GEORGIA PERFORMANCE STANDARDS STATISTICS LESSON PLANS TO BETTER ALIGN WITH STATISTICAL PRACTICE by RACHEL NAVARRO BONILLA (Under the Direction of Patricia B. Humphrey) ABSTRACT In this thesis, lesson plans provided by the Georgia Department of Education are revised to give students better exposure and practice working with real-life data. Three learning tasks and a performance task are presented covering a unit lesson on statistical regression. The development of Georgia statistics curriculum standards are reviewed and presented. INDEX WORDS: Common Core Georgia Performance Standards, Regression, Statistics REVISING COMMON CORE GEORGIA PERFORMANCE STANDARDS STATISTICS LESSON PLANS TO BETTER ALIGN WITH STATISTICAL PRACTICE by RACHEL NAVARRO BONILLA B.S., University of Georgia, 2010 B.S., University of Georgia, 2011 B.S.Ed, University of Georgia 2011 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE STATESBORO, GEORGIA 2013 © 2013 RACHEL NAVARRO BONILLA All Rights Reserved REVISING COMMON CORE GEORGIA PERFORMANCE STANDARDS STATISTICS LESSON PLANS TO BETTER ALIGN WITH STATISTICAL PRACTICE by RACHEL NAVARRO BONILLA Major Professor: Patricia B. Humphrey Committee: Sharon Taylor Gregory Chamblee Electronic Version Approved: July, 2013 iv DEDICATION I dedicate this thesis to my former math teacher and sister, Julie Arasato. Through her teachings and guidance, she has given me the strong mathematical foundation that has gotten me this far in my educational career as well as ignited my passion for teaching. She is my greatest role model, and I can only hope one day to be as great of a teacher as her inside and outside the classroom. I also dedicate this thesis to my mom, who was the first person that introduced the area of statistics to me, and gave me the statistics gene. For all the sacrifices she has made to give me a bright future, while instilling in me good morals and values. I can only hope one day to be as great of a mom as she has been to me. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to acknowledge my advisor Dr. Pat Humphrey for her continuous guidance, patience and understanding through my thesis process. I express my greatest gratitude to her for the countless hours she has dedicated to providing me the guidance necessary for the success of this thesis. Without her support, this thesis would not have been possible. My special thanks go to my committee members, Dr. Sharon Taylor, and Dr. Greg Chamblee for the time they have given to me. It is my honor to have them in my committee, and I’m very grateful for the ideas and suggestions they have contributed to me for this thesis. I would also like to thank my research professor Dr. Robert Mayes for giving me the great opportunity of being his research assistant the past two years. Thank you for all the invaluable learning experiences. Thank you to the Office of Research and Development for funding my assistantship. I give my deepest gratitude to my family for their continuous support throughout my entire educational career. My success has been made possible through their constant encouragement and support. To my academic brothers, Fidelis Mutiso, Benson Kimitei, and Satbir Malhi, I thank you for all the countless hours of learning and fun together. The past two years would not have been nearly as enjoyable as it was without you guys. Lastly, thank you to all my professors, teachers and friends who have supported me and given me strength through the years and motivated me to reach for my dreams. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................ VI LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ IX LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ X CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................1 1.1 A Brief Historical Overview ..........................................................................1 1.2 Tracking Statistics Standards .........................................................................3 1.3 Motivation for Revision of Lesson Plans .......................................................8 2 LEARNING TASK 1: SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION ......................................11 2.1 Teaching Guide ............................................................................................12 2.2 Student Worksheet: Simple Linear Regression ...........................................26 2.3 Comparison Summary .................................................................................30 3 LEARNING TASK 2: TV WATCHING HOURS AND TEST GRADES ..............31 3.1 Teaching Guide ............................................................................................32 3.2 Student Worksheet: TV Watching Hours and Test Grades .........................41 3.3 Comparison Summary .................................................................................47 4 LEARNING TASK 3: U.S. POPULATION GROWTH ..........................................48 4.1 Teaching Guide ...........................................................................................49 4.2 Student Worksheet: U.S. Population Growth ..............................................52 4.3 Summary ......................................................................................................56 5 PERFORMANCE TASK: SAVINGS ACCOUNTS................................................57 5.1 Teaching Guide ............................................................................................58 vii 5.2 Student Performance Task Worksheet .........................................................60 5.3 Comparison Summary .................................................................................65 6 CONCLUSION .........................................................................................................66 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................67 APPENDICES A LEARNING TASK 1: SPAGHETTI REGRESSION ..........................................68 B LEARNING TASK 2: TV/TEST GRADES ........................................................78 C PERFORMANCE TASK: EQUAL SALARIES FOR EQUAL WORK? ...........88 D STUDENT WORKSHEET: LEARNING TASK 1 .............................................99 E STUDENT WORKSHEET: LEARNING TASK 2 ...........................................103 F STUDENT WORKSHEET: LEARNING TASK 3 ...........................................107 G STUDENT WORKSHEET: PERFORMANCE TASK .......................................109 viii LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Algebra 1 QCC vs Statistics and Probability GPS ............................................4 Table 1.2: Interpreting Categorical and Quantitative Data .................................................6 Table 1.3: Conditional Probability and the Rules of Probability ........................................7 Table 1.4: Making Inferences and Justifying Conclusions .................................................8 Table 2.1: Learning Task 1 Standards ...............................................................................12 Table 2.2: TV Time and Test Score ...................................................................................14 Table 2.3: Measuring Residuals ........................................................................................15 Table 2.4: TV Time and Test Score ..................................................................................26 Table 3.1: Learning Task 2 Standards ...............................................................................32 Table 3.2: Education and Income .......................................................................................34 Table 3.3: Education and Income Data ..............................................................................37 Table 3.4: Ms. Garth’s Class Data ....................................................................................42 Table 3.5: Correlation of Variables ...................................................................................43 Table 4.1: Learning Task 3 Standards ..............................................................................49 Table 4.2: Partial Population Data ....................................................................................50 Table 4.3: U.S. Population Data .......................................................................................52 Table 5.1: Performance Task Standards ...........................................................................58 Table 5.2: Savings Chart ...................................................................................................60 Table 5.3: Savings Accounts .............................................................................................60 ix