REMIXING EUROPEAN JAZZ CULTURE Remixing European Jazz Culture examines a jazz culture that emerged in the 1990s in cosmopolitan cities like Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Berlin, London, and Oslo – energised by the introduction of studio technologies into the live performance space, which has since developed into internationally recognised, eclectic, hybrid jazz styles. This book explores these oft- overlooked musicians and their forms that have nonetheless expanded the plane of jazz’s continued prosperity, popularity, and revitalisation in the twenty- first century – one where remix is no longer the sole domain of studio producers. Seeking to update the orthodoxies of the field of jazz studies, Remixing Euro- pean Jazz Culture: • incorporates electronic and digital performance, recording, and distribution practices that have transformed the culture since the 1980s; • provides a more diverse and multifaceted cultural representation of European jazz and the contributions of a variety of performers; and • offers an encompassing picture of the depth of jazz practice that has erupted through Northern Europe since 1989. With an expansion of international networks and a disintegration of artistic boundaries, the collaborative, performative, and real- time improvisational pro- cess of remixing has stimulated a merging of the music’s past and present within European jazz culture. Kristin McGee is Associate Professor in Popular Music in the Arts, Culture, and Media Department at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. Transnational Studies in Jazz Series Editors Tony Whyton, Birmingham City University, UK, and Nicholas Gebhardt, Birmingham City University, UK Transnational Studies in Jazz presents cross- disciplinary and global perspectives on the development and history of jazz and explores its many social, political, and cultural meanings. The Cultural Politics of Jazz Collectives This is Our Music Edited by Nicholas Gebhardt and Tony Whyton Jazz Sells Music, Marketing, and Meaning Mark Laver Austral Jazz The Localisation of a Global Music Form in Sydney Andrew Robson Jazz Diaspora New Approaches to Music and Globalisation Bruce Johnson Voices Found Free Jazz and Singing Chris Tonelli Remixing European Jazz Culture Kristin McGee For more information, please visit: www.routledge.com/music/series/TSJ REMIXING EUROPEAN JAZZ CULTURE Kristin McGee First published 2020 by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2020 Taylor & Francis The right of Kristin McGee to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: McGee, Kristin A., author. Title: Remixing European jazz culture / Kristin McGee. Description: New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Transnational studies in jazz | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019038522 (print) | LCCN 2019038523 (ebook) | ISBN 9781138585485 (hardback) | ISBN 9781138585492 (paperback) | ISBN 9780429505232 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Jazz– Europe–History and criticism. | Jazz–Social aspects–Europe. Classification: LCC ML3509.E9 M35 2020 (print) | LCC ML3509.E9 (ebook) | DDC 781.65094–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019038522 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019038523 ISBN: 978- 1- 138- 58548- 5 (hbk) ISBN: 978- 1- 138- 58549- 2 (pbk) ISBN: 978- 0- 429- 50523- 2 (ebk) Typeset in Bembo by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear For Wiebe CONTENTS List of Figures ix Series Foreword xi Acknowledgements xii Introduction: Remixing European Jazz Culture – Historical Precedents, Methodological Approaches, and Theoretical Interventions 1 1 Jazz in Post- War Europe: From Free Collectives to Electronic Jazz 21 2 Wicked Jazz Sounds and Blue Note Trips: Dance Tourists and Musical Migrants in Amsterdam’s Crossover Jazz Scene 35 3 DJs and PLOs in Berlin’s Electronic Jazz Scene: The Hybrid Production Aesthetics of Jazzanova 61 4 Oslo’s Jazzland Recordings: Finding Home in a New Conception of Jazz 89 5 Part One: The ‘Revival of the Revival’ or a Swing Dance Continuum? Mediascapes, Time Machines, and Intercultural Encounters at the Herräng Dance Camp 118 viii Contents 5 Part Two: Jazz Records, Dance Media, and Survival Technologies within Herräng’s Professional Jazz Dance Network 144 6 Part One: Configuring Crisis and Sampling Swing in Vintage Festivals and Electro Swing 171 6 Part Two: (Re)Generating the Jazz Past in the Vintage Remix of Caravan Palace and Caro Emerald 198 Epilogue 227 Bibliography 237 Index 253 FIGURES 2.1 DJ Maestro record cover, Birds Beats, Blue Note Trip Series (2008) 37 2.2 Wicked Jazz Sounds at the Sugar Factory, 2018 47 2.3 The Melkweg, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, photograph courtesy of the Melkweg 48 2.4 Jazz saxophonist Susanne Alt 50 3.1 Jazzanova in their studio, Prenzlauerberg, Berlin 68 3.2 Jazzanova record cover, In Between (Ropeadope Records 2002) 74 4.1 Blå Music Hall and Café 97 4.2 Bugge Wesseltoft record cover, New Conception in Jazz (Jazzland Recordings 1996) 103 4.3 Beady Belle record cover, On My Own (Jazzland Recordings 2016) 115 5.1 Herräng’s Daily Meeting Chorus Line, July 2015, Herräng Dance Camp, Sweden. Dancers from front to back and left to right: Larisa Vivas Kurbatova, Vassia Panayiotou, Matty Phelan Miller, Hanna N’diaye, Elin Rhodiner, Frida Häggström Gerdt, Marie N’diaye (creator, choreographer, producer, and artistic director), Alexandra Alhimovich 136 5.2 Bianca Locatelli and Nils Andrén, 2017, Herräng Dance Camp, Sweden 155 5.3 Marie Nahnfeldt and Hasse Mattsson 157