WESTERN AUSTRALIA’S JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BOTANY ISSN 0085-4417 G Gibson, N. Reinstatement of Patersonia occidentalis var. angustifolia and Patersonia occidentalis var. latifolia (Iridaceae) Nuytsia 16(1): 21–27 (2006) All enquiries and manuscripts should be directed to: The Editor – NUYTSIA Western Australian Herbarium Telephone: +61 8 9334 0500 Dept of Environment and Conservation Facsimile: +61 8 9334 0515 Locked Bag 104 Bentley Delivery Centre Email: [email protected] Western Australia 6983 Web: science.calm.wa.gov.au/nuytsia/ AUSTRALIA All material in this journal is copyright and may not be reproduced except with the written permission of the publishers. © Copyright Department of Environment and Conservation . NNu. yGtsiibas o1n6, (R1e):i2n1st–a2te7m(2e0nt0 6o)f Patersonia occidentalis var. angustifolia and var. latifolia 21 Reinstatement of Patersonia occidentalis var. angustifolia and Patersonia occidentalis var. latifolia (Iridaceae) Neil Gibson Science Division, Department of Environment and Conservation, PO Box 51 Wanneroo, Western Australia 6065 Abstract Gibson, N. Reinstatement of Patersonia occidentalis var. angustifolia and Patersonia occidentalis var. latifolia (Iridaceae). Nuytsia 16(1): 21–27 (2006). Patersonia occidentalis R.Br. var. angustifolia Benth. and Patersonia occidentalis R.Br. var. latifolia (F.Muell.)Benth. are reinstated and a lectotype for P. occidentalis var. angustifolia is selected. Both P. occidentalis var. angustifolia and P. occidentalis var. latifolia are endemic to south-west Western Australia. P. occidentalis var. angustifolia occurs along drainage lines and in seasonal swamps while P. occidentalis var. latifolia occurs in drier habitats generally on clays or loams associated with laterite, granite or sandstone. The three varieties can be separated using a combination of leaf width, scape length and leaf aspect ratio. Introduction Since Brown (1810) named Patersonia occidentalis it has been recognised that the taxon encompasses significant morphological variation. Bentham (1873) recognised three varieties, two of which (var. latifolia and var. angustifolia) were synonymized by Geerinck (1974) and Cooke (1986), while the third (var. eriostephana (F.Muell.)Benth.) is considered to be a synonym of the closely related P. limbata Endl. (Cooke 1986). While commenting on wide variation in morphological characters, Cooke (1986) was unable to differentiate any infraspecific taxa due to the continuous nature of the variation. During a regional quadrat-based flora survey of the southern Swan Coastal Plain (Gibson et al. 1994) a narrow leaf form of this taxon was noted to preferentially occur along creeklines and in swamps. This form was assigned the phrase name 'Patersonia sp. Swamp form (N. Gibson & M. Lyons 544)' (Paczkowska & Chapman 2000). Subsequently, all Patersonia occidentalis material in HO, MEL and PERTH was examined to determine if this narrow leaf form warrants taxonomic recognition. Materials and methods In total 440 collections were examined including photos of the Brown syntypes from BM. For 316 of the collections there was sufficient material to measure leaf length, leaf width, scape length (to base of spathe), spathe length and spathe width. The longest leaf and largest flower of each collection was measured. The data was normalized and an association matrix based on Euclidean distance was calculated. This matrix was ordinated using non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (MDS), and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) was used to test differences in rank association between presumed taxa. All analyses being undertaken in Primer Ver. 6.1.5 (Clarke & Gorley 2006). Leaf aspect ratio (leaf length / leaf width) was subsequently calculated and compared between the presumed taxa. gibson450.p65 21 11/8/2006, 12:38 AM 22 Nuytsia Vol. 16, No. 1 (2006) Results The ordination confirmed wide and continuous variation in leaf and flower characters in Patersonia occidentalis with no clear separation of any groups in the ordination space. Examination of the all relevant type material suggested that two of the varieties named by Bentham (var. angustifolia and var. latifolia) fell at the extremes of the ordination space. He discriminated these taxa primarily on leaf width but examination of types showed that syntypes of var. angustifolia also had consistently longer scapes and an isotype of var. latifolia (Oldfield, MEL 40536) had a short scape. The collections were divided into three groups. Group 1 – with narrow leaves (< 5.5 mm) and long scapes (> 750 mm) and included the syntypes of var. angustifolia; group 2 – those with short scapes (< 750 mm) and wide leaves (> 7 mm) and included the isotype of var. latifolia, and the remainder (group 3) with leaf widths < 7 mm and scapes of < 750 mm and included all other available type material. (Figure 1) A one-way ANOSIM analysis was used on the association matrix to test if significant differences in rank similarity did occur between these three groups. This procedure determined significance by Monto-Carlo permutation of the original association matrix (Clarke & Gorley 2006). Significance differences were found between the three groups (Global R = 0.549, P < 0.001) and pair- wise tests showed highly significant differences between all three groups (group 1 v groups 2, R = 0.950, P < 0.001); group 1 v group 3, R = 0.678, P < 0.001; groups 2 and 3 R = 0.457, P < 0.001). Leaf aspect ratio was also highly significantly different between the groups (95% confidence intervals were: group 1, 170.4 – 242.9; group 2, 41.6 – 53.1; group 3, 93.2 – 104.5). Figure 1. Plot leaf width against scape length for 316 collections. Collections from Tasmania ((cid:141)); Victoria ((cid:83)); South Australia ((cid:122)); Western Australia ((cid:133)). The three groups of collections corresponding to Bentham’s varietal classification are shown. Type material arrowed: A – lectotype P. occidentalis var. angustifolia (MEL 40598); D – syntypes P. diesingii (MEL 40592, MEL 40593); L – isotype P. occidentalis var. latifolia (MEL 40536); N – lectotype P. nana (MEL 40595); O – lectotype P. occidentalis var. occidentalis (BM 5613); Te – isolectotype P. tenuispatha (MEL 40597); Tu – isolectotype P. turfosa (MEL 40596). gibson450.p65 22 11/8/2006, 12:38 AM N. Gibson, Reinstatement of Patersonia occidentalis var. angustifolia and var. latifolia 23 Discussion While there are no clearly distinct morphological groupings within Patersonia occidentalis the multivariate analysis supports the reinstatement of both P. occidentalis var. angustifolia and P. occidentalis var. latifolia as leaf, scape and spathe characters shows consistent differences from each other and the typical form. Given the gradational changes in all characters measured, varietal rank is considered to be appropriate. Both P. occidentalis var. angustifolia and P. occidentalis var. latifolia are restricted to south-west Western Australia (Figure 1). P. occidentalis var. angustifolia is apparently confined to streamlines and swamps. In Western Australia P. occidentalis var. occidentalis occurs widely across the landscape in both upland and wetland situations, while P. occidentalis var. latifolia is generally found in drier habitats. The original collection designated as 'Patersonia sp. Swamp form (N. Gibson & M. Lyons 544)' has a short scape and is best considered a narrow leaf form of P. occidentalis var. occidentalis. Taxonomy Patersonia occidentalis R.Br., Prodr. 304 (1810). Type: Bay I [Lucky Bay], South Coast [Western Australia], Jan. 1802, R. Brown (lecto: BM 5613 in part, fide D. Geerinck, op. cit. 52; lectopara: BM 5613 left hand element, BM 5614, BM 5615). Distribution. South-west Western Australia from south of Shark Bay to Israelite Bay, in south-east South Australia, Victoria and northern and eastern Tasmania (Cooke 1986). Notes. Three intergrading varieties can be recognized based on leaf width, scape length and leaf aspect ratio. Patersonia occidentalis R.Br. var. occidentalis Patersonia longiscapa Sims ex Sweet, Fl. Australasica t. 39 (1828). Type: cultivated in England from seed collected from south coast of Australia by W. Baxter, n.v. While no type material has been found the illustration and description in Sweet op. cit. clearly falls within the circumscription of P. occidentalis var. occidentalis. Patersonia sapphirina Lindley, Edw. Bot. Reg. 25: t. 60 (1839). Type: cultivated in England from seed obtained by Mangles, n.v. The lack of type material and the absence of a scale on the illustration in Lindley op. cit. make it difficult to definitively assign this material. Patersonia diesingii Endl. in J.G.C. Lehmann, Pl. Preiss. 2: 30 (1846). Type: Perth [Western Australia], 16 July 1839, Preiss 2356 (lecto: S, n.v., fide D. Geerinck, op. cit. 51; isolecto: FI, n.v., fide D. Geerinck op. cit. 51, !MEL 40593, !MEL 40592, P n.v., fide D. Geerinck op. cit. 51). Patersonia flaccida Endl. in J.G.C. Lehmann, Pl. Preiss. 2: 30 (1846). Type: In solo fertili planitiei prope fluvium Saltrive [Salt River], York, 26 Mar. 1840, Preiss 2355 (lecto: BR, n.v., fide D. Geerinck op. cit. 51). gibson450.p65 23 11/8/2006, 12:38 AM 24 Nuytsia Vol. 16, No. 1 (2006) Patersonia nana Endl. in J.G.C. Lehmann, Pl. Preiss. 2: 30 (1846). Type: In arenosis ad Stirling’s-terrace, Plantagenet, 23 Sept. 1840, Preiss 2346 (lecto: !MEL 40595, fide D. Geerinck op. cit. 52). Patersonia occidentalis var. aemulans Domin, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 41: 254 (1912). Type: Slab Hut Gully on way to Cranbrook [Western Australia], 1909, Dorrien-Smith; holo: K, n.v., fide Domin op. cit. Tufted herb. Leaves ensiform, 10 – 90 cm long, 1.5 – 7.0 mm wide, finely veined, glabrous, leaf aspect ratio (25 –) 93 – 105 (– 345) : 1. Scape 7 – 74 cm, glabrous. Spathes elliptic, 28 – 56 (– 70) mm long, 3.7 – 14.9 mm wide in flower, glabrous. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Boulder Hill, Two Peoples Bay, 6 Oct. 1992, A.R. Annels 2612 (PERTH); Nannup, 10 June 1996, R. Davis 1161 (PERTH); N of Thistle Cove, E of Esperance, 21 Jan. 1966, A.S. George 7530 (PERTH); Fitzgerald River below Roes Rock, 18 Dec. 1970, A.S. George 10528 (PERTH); Scott National Park, 9 Apr. 1990, N. Gibson & M. Lyons 218 (PERTH); Wheatbelt, Ronnerup Lake (Reserve 39422), 22 Nov. 1994, M. Graham G204-20 (PERTH); Hi Vallee property, Warradarge, 23 Oct. 1999, M. Hislop 1707 (PERTH); 19.7 km S of Northcliffe on Windy Harbour Rd, 10 Jan. 1995, E.D. Kabay 1359 (PERTH); Lowlands property, 8 km WNW of Serpentine, 13 Sep. 1992, B.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 825 (PERTH); North Jindong Road, c. 2 km S of Bussell Highway, 15 Oct. 1992, B.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 1077 (PERTH); 60.4 km W along State Barrier Fence Access from NW Coastal Highway, 26 Aug. 1994, G.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 1512 (PERTH); Kodjinup Nature Reserve, 21 Oct. 1997, G.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 2738 (PERTH); 3 km S of Mount Barker, 25 Oct. 1977, K.F. Kenneally 6500 (PERTH); c. 3.3 km S of Tambellup, 1998, F. Obbens 359/98 (PERTH); Beverley Airfield Reserve, 10 Oct. 2000, M. Ochtman 442 (PERTH); Carousel Swamp, opposite Cannington Station, 3 Oct. 1996, L.W. Sage 786B (PERTH); 4 km south of Hutt R along NW coastal highway, 31 Aug. 1982, P.S. Short 1600 (MEL); McKenzie Rd, W of Narrogin town, 29 Oct. 2002, G. Warren & P. Rose 685 (PERTH). SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Lofty Ranges, Dec. 1851 (MEL); c. 8 km NE of Myponga, 5 Dec. 1977, N.N. Donner 5975 (HO); Swamps near Mt Benson, 1895, Dr Engelhart s.n. (MEL); Square waterhole c. 3 km S of Mt Compass, 3 Apr. 1974, E.N.S. Jackson 2465 (MEL); Onkaparinga River, Dec. 1898, Mueller (MEL); St Vincents Gulf / Lofty Ranges, Mueller (MEL); Clarendon, 6 Nov. 1881, O. Tepper 261 (MEL); Clarendon, Swampy Creek, 6 Nov. 1881, O. Tepper 262 (MEL); Forest Reserve, Knott Hill, 15 Jan. 1985, H.P. Vonow 358 (HO). VICTORIA: Frankston to Skye, 7 Nov. 1901 (MEL); near Mt Abrupt, Grampians (MEL); Lower Glenelg R area, Kentbrush heathland, N of Mt Kincaid, 2 Nov. 1968, A.C. Beauglehole 29378 (MEL); Nooramung Wildlife Res, Snake Is, 25km SSW Yarram, 5 Dec. 1978, A.C. Beauglehole s.n. (MEL); Grampians, Jimmy’s Creek area, 26km S of Halls Gap PO, 6 Dec. 1979, A.C. Beauglehole 66936 (MEL); Kargenon Flora Reserve, 7 Nov. 1982, A.C. Beauglehole 71174 & L.K.M Elmore (MEL); Mirranalwa Gap, Grampians, 20 Nov. 1972, B. Conn s.n. (MEL); Boronia Primary School Flora Res., 29 Nov. 1986, B.J. Conn 2560 (MEL); Otway Region, Great Ocean Rd, 5.5 km from Apollo Bay, 9 May 1983, G.E. Earl 201 & D.M. Parkes (MEL); Emerald, Nov. 1904, J.P. McLennan s.n. (MEL); Port Phillip, Mueller s.n. (MEL); Port Phillip, Victoria, Mueller (HO); Wilson’s Promontory, Norman Point, 15 Dec. 1958, T.B. Muir 625 (MEL); On the Frankston- Cranbourne Rd, 4 miles from Cranbourne, 9 Nov. 1961, T.B. Muir 2507 (MEL); Gippsland, E of Andersons Inlet, 5 m from Tarwin Lower, 14 Oct. 1961, T.B. Muir 2357 (MEL); On Kirkpatrick Rd, c. 2 km N of Maclesfield, 20 May 1977, A.M. Opie, A.B. Wellington, R.A. Hosk s.n. (MEL); Grampians, 26 Apr. 1986, S.T.W. Partett 91 (MEL); Oberon Bay Swamp, Wilsons Promontory, 14 Nov. 1908, A. St John s.n. (MEL). TASMANIA: West Tamar, c. 5 miles from Greens Beach (HO); E of Hardwich Hill, 24 Nov. 1984, A.M. Buchanan 1780 (HO); Low Head, Georgetown, Dec. 55, W.M. Curtis (HO); New communications tower, Waterhouse, 18 Nov. 1975, D.I. Morris (HO); 1 km SW of Cape Naturaliste, 13 Oct. 1983, A. Moscal 3432 (HO); Near One Tree Hill, 21 Nov. 1983, A. Moscal 4261 (HO); 2 km E of Croppies Point, 24 Nov. 1983, A. Moscal 4420 (HO); Black Rock Pt, 26 Nov. 1983, A. Moscal 4488 (HO); Kelso, 2 Dec. 1975, M. Thompson (HO). gibson450.p65 24 11/8/2006, 12:38 AM N. Gibson, Reinstatement of Patersonia occidentalis var. angustifolia and var. latifolia 25 Distribution and habitat. Widespread and common in south-west Western Australia but largely absent from the Avon-Wheatbelt and northern Mallee bioregions. Also occurring in South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. Occurs most commonly in woodlands and shrublands on a variety of soil types, but also recorded from the edge of seasonal wetlands. Conservation status. Common and well conserved. Notes. Differs from var. angustifolia by its shorter scape and lower leaf aspect ratio (generally 93–105 : 1). Differs from var. latifolia by its narrower leaves and higher leaf aspect ratio. Patersonia occidentalis R.Br. var. angustifolia Benth., Fl. Austral. 6, 403 (1873). Type: Murchison River [Western Australia], Oldfield (lecto, here designated: MEL 40598. Other material: [Western Australia] Preiss 2358 (cited in error by Bentham as 2338), lectopara: !MEL 40596, !MEL 40597, P (two sheets), S). Patersonia tenuispatha Endl. in J.G.C.Lehmann, Pl. Preiss. 2, 31 (1846). Type: near Whitefield station, York [Western Australia], 15 Mar. 1840, Preiss 2358 p.p. (lecto: P, n.v., fide D. Geerinck op. cit. 51; isolecto: !MEL 40597). Patersonia turfosa Endl. in J.G.C.Lehmann, Pl. Preiss. 2, 31 (1846). Type: Mt. Eliza, Perth [Western Australia], 21 Jan. 1839, Preiss 2358 p.p. (lecto: S, n.v., fide D. Geerinck op. cit. 51; isolecto: !MEL 40596, P, n.v., fide D. Geerinck op. cit. 51). Tufted herb. Leaves ensiform, 42 – 105 cm long, 2.0 – 5.5 mm wide, finely veined glabrous, leaf aspect ratio (105 –) 170 – 243 (– 352) : 1. Scape 76 – 120 cm, glabrous. Spathes elliptic, 30 – 53 mm long, 5.5 – 11.4 mm wide in flower, glabrous. Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Lower Shannon Bridge on Preston Road, 21 Nov. 1994, A.R. Annels 4968 & R.W. Hearn (PERTH); E of Bibra Lake, Nov. 1979, P. Bridgewater s.n. (PERTH); S side of Fishermen Rd, 6.9 km by road SE of beach at Broke Inlet, 21 Nov. 1990, N. Gibson & M. Lyons 852 (PERTH); Harry Waring Marsupial Reserve, S of Thomsons Lake Nature Reserve, 9 Oct. 1992, N. Gibson & M. Lyons 1494 (PERTH); Ralph Rd, Pemberton, near Warren National Park, 21 Nov. 1993, Graham 2143 (PERTH); Wonnerup Road reserve, 8 km ESE from the Bussell Hwy, 16 km E of Busselton, 16 Oct. 1992, B.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 827 (PERTH); Along Bambun Road, c. 0.5 km from Highway, 7.5 km S of Gingin, 16 Nov. 1992, B.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 1078 (PERTH); Yallingup Siding near Busselton, 15 Oct. 1992, B.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 1079 (PERTH); Lowlands property near SW boundary, c. 9 km WNW of Serpentine, 6 Nov. 1993, B.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 1123 (PERTH); Near corner of Fawcett and Bulla Rds, 3 km SW of Waroona, 29 Sep. 1990, B.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 1151 (PERTH); c. 18 km NW of Pemberton, Nelson Location 5049, 28 Dec. 1981, T.D. Macfarlane 729 (PERTH); South of Swan River, in Darling Ranges, Nov. 1877, Mueller (MEL); Preiss 2358 (MEL); Between Moates Lake and Gardner Lake, Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, 21 Oct. 1975, G.T. Smith & L.A. Moore s.n. (PERTH). Distribution and habitat. Endemic to south-west Western Australia from the Murchison River to Two People’s Bay east of Albany, associated with seasonal wetlands or drainage lines. Except for the Oldfield collection (MEL 40598), all recent collections occur between Perth and Two Peoples Bay. The Oldfield locality may be in error. gibson450.p65 25 11/8/2006, 12:38 AM 26 Nuytsia Vol. 16, No. 1 (2006) Conservation status. Not well collected but likely to be overlooked, not considered threatened. Notes. Differs from typical variety by a longer scapes (>750 mm) and high leaf aspect ratio (generally 170– 243 : 1). Differs from var. latifolia by it narrower leaves (<7mm) and long scapes. Lectotypification. The lectotype selected (Oldfield, Murchison River, MEL 40598) was the most complete of the available type material in MEL. While not marked as seen by Bentham, a search of BM and K failed to find any duplicates of this collection. Patersonia occidentalis var. latifolia (F.Muell.)Benth., Fl. Austral. 6: 403 (1873). Type: Champion Bay [Western Australia], Oldfield (holo: K, n.v., fide D. Geerinck, op. cit. 51; iso: !MEL 40536). Tufted herb. Leaves ensiform, 20 – 66 cm long, 7 – 12 mm wide, finely veined glabrous, leaf aspect ratio (25 –) 42 – 53 (– 91) : 1. Scape 15 – 63 cm, glabrous. Spathes elliptic, 31 – 54 mm long, 5.2 – 14.1 mm wide in flower, glabrous. Selected specimens examined (all PERTH). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Red Bluff, S of Murchison River mouth, 27 Sept. 1962, J.S. Beard 2028; Jarrahdale, Aug. 1939, W.E. Blackall s.n.; Commonage Road, 4 Dec. 1996, N. Casson & T. Annels SC 33.13; Kalbarri National Park, 11 Oct. 1986, R.S. Cowan A 276; 19 km N Muirs Highway, 18 Feb. 1998, R. Davis 6029; 6.6 km N Brookton Highway, 22 Mar. 2001, R. Davis 9586; on Dwarlaking Road, 26 Oct. 2000, R. Davis WW 34-40; Mt Lesueur, 12 Oct. 1957, C.A. Gardner s.n.; Boat Harbour, 26 Nov. 1990, N. Gibson & M. Lyons 923; Kalbarri National Park, 3 Oct. 1991, W. Greuter 22505; Stirling Range National Park, 23 Oct. 1991, W. Greuter 23124; 10 km SW of Lake Indoon, 14 Sept. 1977, R. Hnatiuk 770987; Port Gregory Rd, 27 Sept. 1985, N. Hoyle 465; c. 32.9 km S of Northampton, 22 Aug. 1983, C.M. Lynch 82; Kalamunda National Park, 1 Nov. 2000, K. Macey 266; 2.3 km SE of North Bannister, 3 Jan. 1982, T.D. Macfarlane 741; Armadale Settlers Common, 14 Oct. 1996, A. Markey 36; Byford Regional Open Space, 19 Oct. 1996, A. Markey 348; Ellis Brook Valley, 10 Dec. 1996, A. Markey 583; Kingston Block, 6 Oct. 1998, E.D. Middleton K 157; off Trigwell Bridge Rd, 12 Aug. 1997, G. Paull 1593; c. 22.5 miles from Dongara toward Eneabba, 22 Sept. 1972, M.E. Phillips s.n.. Distribution and habitat. Endemic to south-west Western Australia from south of Shark Bay to the Stirling Range, generally on upland areas or drier slopes with clay or loam soils associated with laterite, granite or sandstone but has also been recorded from growing on sand. Conservation status. Not well collected but likely to be overlooked, not considered threatened. Notes. Differs from both the typical variety and var. angustifolia by its wider leaves (>7 mm) and low leaf aspect ratio (generally 42–53 : 1). Acknowledgements Assistance was provided by ABLO officers P. Short, P. Weston and A. Wilson in supplying photos of the Brown syntypes and checking collections at BM and K, and J. Ross rechecked type material held in MEL. Managers of HO, MEL and PERTH allowed access to their collections. Paul Wilson and an anonymous referee offered valuable comments on an earlier draft. gibson450.p65 26 11/8/2006, 12:38 AM N. Gibson, Reinstatement of Patersonia occidentalis var. angustifolia and var. latifolia 27 References Bentham, G. (1873). “Flora Australiensis.” Vol. 6, p. 403. (Reeve & Co.: London.) Brown, R. (1810). “Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et insulae Van-Diemen.” (Taylor: London.) Clarke, K.R. and Gorley, R.N. (2006). “Primer v6: User Manual / Tutorial.” (PRIMER-E: Plymouth.) Cooke, D.A. (1986). Iridaceae. In: “Flora of Australia.” Vol. 46, pp. 1–66. Domin, K. (1912). Additions to the flora of western and north-western Australia. Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 41: 245–283. Geerinck, D. (1974). Revision of Australian Iridaceae. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 44: 29–60. Gibson, N., Keighery, B.J., Keighery, G.J., Burbidge, A.H. and Lyons, M.N. (1994). A floristic survey of the southern Swan Coastal Plain. Report for the Australian Heritage Commission prepared by the Department of Conservation and Land Management and the Conservation Council of Western Australia. Paczkowska, G. and Chapman, A.R. (2000). “The Western Australian Flora – A Descriptive Catalogue.” (Wildflower Society of Western Australia, Western Australian Herbarium CALM, and Botanic Gardens & Parks Authority: Perth.) gibson450.p65 27 11/8/2006, 12:38 AM 28 Nuytsia Vol. 16, No. 1 (2006) gibson450.p65 28 11/8/2006, 12:38 AM