Hygiene requirements for ventilation and air-conditioning systems and -units DISCLAIMER This Guidebook is the result of the efforts of REHVA volunteers. It has been written with care, using the best available information and the soundest judgment possible. REHVA and the REHVA volunteers, who contributed to this Guidebook, make no representation or warranty, express or implied, concerning the completeness, accuracy, or applicability of the information contained in the Guidebook. No liability of any kind shall be assumed by REHVA or the authors of this Guidebook as a result of reliance on any information contained in this document. The user shall assume the entire risk of the use of any and all information in this Guidebook. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright © 2007 by Rehva, Federation of European Heating and Air–conditioning Associations The Copyright is given from VDI-TGA on this Version. The Copyright on the Guideline VDI 6022 is still on VDI (www.vdi.de/tga). All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanically, including photocopy recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to Rehva, P.O. Box 82, 1200 Brussels e–mail: [email protected] Web: www.rehva.eu ISBN 2-9600468-8-9 Printed in Finland, Forssan Kirjapaino Oy, Forssa Member countries of Rehva Austria Greece Russia Belgium Hungary Serbia and Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Ireland Slovakia Bulgaria Italy Slovenia Croatia Latvia Spain Czech Republic Lithuania Sweden Denmark The Netherlands Switzerland Estonia Norway Turkey Finland Poland United Kingdom France Portugal Germany Romania REHVA Task Force on Hygiene in Air-Conditioning Systems The present work has been carried out by the REHVA task force on hygiene in close co– operation with the German working group on the Guideline VDI 6022 (April 2006). The members of the REHVA Task Force and reviewers are: Braham Derrick CIBSE United Kingdom Brunner Arnold SWKI Switzerland Hogeling Jaap TVVL Netherlands Keune Achim VDI-TGA Germany Mampaey Joris ATIC Belgium Pasanen Pertti FINVAC Finland Terhorst Thomas Secretary Germany Seppänen Olli REHVA Finland Winkens Andreas VDI-TGA, Germany Germany vi Member countries of Rehva Austria Greece Russia Belgium Hungary Serbia and Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Ireland Slovakia Bulgaria Italy Slovenia Croatia Latvia Spain Czech Republic Lithuania Sweden Denmark The Netherlands Switzerland Estonia Norway Turkey Finland Poland United Kingdom France Portugal Germany Romania REHVA Task Force on Hygiene in Air-Conditioning Systems The present work has been carried out by the REHVA task force on hygiene in close co– operation with the German working group on the Guideline VDI 6022 (April 2006). The members of the REHVA Task Force and reviewers are: Braham Derrick CIBSE United Kingdom Brunner Arnold SWKI Switzerland Hogeling Jaap TVVL Netherlands Keune Achim VDI-TGA Germany Mampaey Joris ATIC Belgium Pasanen Pertti FINVAC Finland Terhorst Thomas Secretary Germany Seppänen Olli REHVA Finland Winkens Andreas VDI-TGA, Germany Germany vi The authors of VDI 6022 are: Arnold, Elisabeth, Germany Lüdemann, Klaus, Germany Backes, Christian, Germany Lüderitz, Peter, Germany Damm, Thomas, Germany Möritz, Martin, Germany Gruler, Martin, Germany Müller, Birgit, Germany Händel, Claus, Germany Peters, Hans, Germany Hildebrand, Kurt, Switzerland Scheer, Frank, Germany Kappler, Winfried, Germany Schroers, Dieter, Germany Kaup, Christoph, Germany Taut, Ulrich, Germany Keune, Achim (Chairman), Germany Thiem, Hiltrud, Germany Koch, Andrea, Germany Tietze, Bernd, Germany Krempien, Wilfried, Germany Weißer, Jörg, Germany Krühne, Holger, Germany Winkens, Andreas, Germany Kryschi, Rainer, Germany Wokittel, Andreas, Germany Küter, Bernhard, Germany Zurfluh, Benno, Switzerland Acknowledgments The task force members would like to express gratitude to Verity and Derrick Braham who corrected the language. This was especially welcome as most of the members of the Task Force are not native English speakers. vii REHVA – Federation of European Heating and Air–Conditioning Associations REHVA, now almost 50 years old, is an or- handling systems for better indoor air qual- ganization of European professionals in the ity. field of building services (heating, ventilat- ing and air-conditioning). REHVA repre- The guidebook “Hygiene requirement for ven- sents more than 100 000 experts from 30 tilation and air-conditioning system and –units” European countries. is based on VDI Guideline 6022, one of the most popular Guidelines published by VDI. REHVA’s main activity is to develop and Since 1998, more than 10.000 copies of VDI disseminate economical, energy efficient Guidebooks have been printed and thousands and health technology for the mechanical of people went to the training described in the services of buildings. The work is super- guidebook. As the result the hygiene standard vised by the board of directors. REHVA in air-conditioning systems today is much bet- guidebook projects are coordinated by the ter than 10 years ago. REHVA´s Swiss mem- Technical Committee of REHVA. ber SWKI accepted the VDI 6022 Guideline as SWKI-2003-5, in 2003. With this REHVA- The objectives of this work are: Guidebook, the experience from two REHVA • to initiate work for technical guidebooks in the member associations is made available to all area of building services REHVA members. The REHVA working • to establish task forces for such guidebooks group revised and updated the German Guide- • to develop distribution of REHVA Guidebooks book with some new ideas and procedures. to members and other professionals The training, described in this guidebook is just • to supervise the quality of REHVA Guidebooks an example, how it works in Germany. Other countries may adopt different approaches that Several task forces are currently working on may be supported by the national governments. REHVA guidebooks such as: Low tempera- The guidebook complements the REHVA ture heating high temperature cooling, CFD guidebook no 8 Cleanliness of ventilation in ventilation design, performance and systems, published at the same time. Energy efficiency of cooling towers, Indoor environment in museums, and Indoor envi- The guidebook is intended for designers, in- ronment in schools. stallers, facility managers and building owners. With its illustrations and examples A growing body of evidence shows that in- it is also an excellent textbook for the voca- door environmental conditions substantially tional training of various building profes- influence health and productivity. Ventila- sionals tion is an important contribution to air quality. Its purpose is to maintain good in- The REHVA Board would like to express door air quality. But air handling systems its sincere gratitude to the working group may also be a source of pollution if not for this invaluable work. REHVA would properly constructed and maintained. This also like to express its gratitude to the as- guidebook presents criteria and methods on sociations and companies that financially how to design, install and maintain clean air supported the publication of the guidebook. Olli Seppänen President of REHVA v SUMMARY This Guidebook is intended to provide a ability insurance associations as well as holistic formulation of hygiene-related company physicians and public health of- constructional, technical and organisational ficers. requirements to be observed in the plan- ning, manufacture, execution, operation This guideline supplements other guide- and maintenance of ventilating and air- lines and standards in the field of ventila- conditioning systems. These requirements tion and air-conditioning as far as hygiene for ventilating and air-conditioning sys- is concerned, even where no explicit refer- tems primarily serve to protect human ence is made in those guidelines. health; they may, however, also be the consequence of technical conditions. In revising the 1998 edition of VDI 6022, the parts of the guideline, which had The guideline addresses, in particular, grown historically, have been amalga- building owners, architects, planners, sys- mated into one guideline. The superseding tem manufacturers, equipment manufac- of DIN 1946-2 by EN 13779 has been turers, approving authorities, experts, taken into account. The descriptions of owners/operators, building managers, measurement methods, which were asked maintenance personnel, occupants and for by comments on the draft version of those representing their interests such as this guideline, will be published as a sepa- staff or workers’ councils, employers’ li- rate guideline. viii LIST OF CONTENTS 1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION...............................................................1 1.1 Scope of application............................................................................................1 1.2 Guidance for application to existing systems......................................................1 2 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS....................................................................................2 3 GENERAL...................................................................................................................5 3.1 Tasks of ventilating and air-conditioning systems and air-handling units..........5 3.2 Supply-air quality................................................................................................5 3.3 Reference air.......................................................................................................6 3.4 Physical requirements.........................................................................................9 3.5 Chemical and microbiological requirements.......................................................9 4 REQUIREMENTS FOR DESIGN, MANUFACTURE AND INSTALLATION10 4.1 General guidance...............................................................................................10 4.2 Guidance on design and installation in view of operation................................11 4.3 Components.......................................................................................................12 4.4 Shipment...........................................................................................................23 4.5 Commissioning/acceptance...............................................................................23 4.6 Responsibilities in planning, manufacture, and installation..............................24 5 REQUIREMENT FOR OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE...........................28 5.1 General guidance...............................................................................................28 5.2 Hygiene checks.................................................................................................29 5.3 Hygiene inspections..........................................................................................30 5.4 Components.......................................................................................................32 5.5 Checklist for operation and maintenance..........................................................36 6 OWNER/OPERATOR- AND BRANCH-SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS...........43 6.1 Food, luxury food, and tobacco industries........................................................43 6.2 Wood industry (for examples joineries, cabinet, and furniture manufacturers) 44 6.3 Textile industry.................................................................................................44 6.4 Printing and paper.............................................................................................45 6.5 Metalworking and automotive industries..........................................................45 6.6 Residences and residential buildings.................................................................46 7 QUALIFICATION AND TRAINING.....................................................................47 REFERENCES................................................................................................................48 iii ANNEX A GERMAN EXAMPLE OF CONTENTS AND TRAINING PROCEDURES IN ACCORDANCE WITH VDI 6022..........50 ANNEX B EXAMPLE OF CATEGORY A AND CATEGORY B QUALIFICATION CERTIFICATE (TWO PAGES)...................................62 ANNEX C EXAMPLE OF CATEGORY C INSTRUCTION REPORT.........................64 ANNEX D GUIDE VALUES FOR THE QUALITY OF WATER IN HVAC-SYSTEMS...................................................................................65 ANNEX E EXPERIENCES WITH THE EDUCATION OF TECHNICIANS IN HYGIENIC TOPICS IN GERMANY......................................................69 iv 1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION 1.1 Scope of application 1.2 Guidance for application to existing systems The Guidebook applies to all ventilating and air-conditioning systems and air-han- Existing ventilating and air-conditioning dling units supplying air to rooms or occu- systems may operate in non-compliance pied areas in rooms which are intended for with documents published after their con- use by persons on more than 30 days per struction. In order to ensure continued com- year or more than two hours per day on a pliance of hygiene quality, these systems regular basis [1]. It applies to all systems require more frequent hygiene checks and and central or decentralised components inspections, and simple measures should be thereof (including units such as recooling initiated immediately. Furthermore, it is rec- plants), which influence the quality of the ommended that a stepped schedule be de- supply air. fined for complete implementation of this guidebook, if the existing system allows this. Only then will this guideline apply to ex- Reconstruction is required in any case where tract-air systems if these can influence the occupants suffer from obvious discomfort, quality of supply air by recirculation (see or where serious hygiene deficiencies are also definition of recirculated air in Sec- found. Any additional requirements, as tion 2). stipulated by, e.g., the employers’ liability insurance associations, may apply. 1