READING THE ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE STUDIES IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES Editorial Board under the auspices of the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of York Elizabeth M. Tyler, University of York Julian D. Richards, University of York Ross Balzaretti, University of Nottingham Previously published volumes in this series are listed at the back of this book VOLUME 23 READING THE ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE Language, Literature, History edited by Alice Jorgensen H F British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Reading the Anglo-Saxon chronicle : language, literature, history. -- (Studies in the early Middle Ages ; v. 23) 1. Anglo-Saxon chronicle. 2. Anglo-Saxon chronicle – Language. 3. English prose literature – Old English, ca. 450-1100 – Criticism, Textual. 4. Great Britain – History – Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066 – Historiography. 5. Great Britain – History – Norman period, 1066-1154 – Historiography. 6. Anglo-Saxons – Historiography. 7. Civilization, Anglo-Saxon – Sources. 8. Transmission of texts – England – History – To 1500. I. Series II. Jorgensen, Alice. 942'.01-dc22 ISBN-13: 9782503523941 © 2010, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. D/2010/0095/50 ISBN: 978-2-503-52394-1 CONTENTS Acknowledgements vii List of Abbreviations ix List of Illustrations xv Introduction: Reading the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 1 ALICE JORGENSEN Part I: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as Literature Malcolm and Margaret: The Poem in Annal 1067D 31 THOMAS A. BREDEHOFT The Production of the Peterborough Chronicle 49 SUSAN IRVINE Double-Edged Déjà Vu: The Complexity of the Peterborough Chronicle 67 MALASREE HOME Sentence to Story: Reading the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as Formulary 91 JACQUELINE STODNICK Rewriting the Æthelredian Chronicle: 113 Narrative Style and Identity in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle MS F ALICE JORGENSEN Part II: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as History The Representation of Early West Saxon History 141 in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle BARBARA YORKE The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and Continental Annal-Writing 161 ANTON SCHARER Marking Boundaries: Charters and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 167 SCOTT THOMPSON SMITH Geographies of Power in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: 187 The Royal Estates of Anglo-Saxon Wessex RYAN LAVELLE Reporting Scotland in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 221 ALEX WOOLF Part III: The Language of the Chronicle Coins and the Chronicle: Mint-signatures, History, and Language 243 JAYNE CARROLL Norse-Derived Vocabulary in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 275 SARA M. PONS-SANZ Select Bibliography 305 Index of Annals 319 Subject Index 323 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This volume has its origin in a conference held in July 2004 at the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of York, with the editor as the main or- ganizer. I would like to thank all those who made the conference a success: the conference committee who oversaw my efforts, Matthew Townend, Katy Cubitt, and Julian Richards; the contributors to the conference, some of whom went on be contributors to this volume: David Dumville, James Roberts, Lorraine Taylor, Andrew Reynolds, Ryan Lavelle, Barbara Yorke, Jacqueline Stodnick, Bethany Bateup, Susanne Kries, Janet Bately, Jayne Carroll, Tom Bredehoft, Helen Damico, Zoya Metlitskaya, Stephen Baxter, Susan Irvine, and Malasree Home; the session chairs who guided discussion and the delegates who enthusiastically partici- pated in it; the conference assistants who made everything run so smoothly; the catering staff of the King’s Manor, whose skills were much appreciated; and, last but not least, the British Academy and the Royal Historical Society, whose financial support made the event possible. The journey from conference to volume has been more prolonged and tortuous than any of us expected. I am extremely grateful to the contributors to this collec- tion, whose patience and hard work have been exemplary. Shannon Lewis-Simpson proofread the essays, and Stephen Graham worked on the bibliography. For advice and support of all kinds, I would like to thank the series editors; the anonymous readers, whose detailed comments were invaluable; Simon Forde and a series of helpful editorial assistants at Brepols; Deborah A. Oosterhouse; Louise Harrison of the Centre for Medieval Studies, York, who handled financial matters for both the conference and the editing process; the staff of the library of Trinity College, Dublin; Matthew Townend, Mary Garrison, Susan Manly, Christine Rauer, Isabel Davis, Francis Leneghan, and Helen Conrad-O’Briain. None of this would have viii Acknowledgements happened without my husband, Andrew Jorgensen. My sons, Hugh and Francis, did less to expedite the work, but they make it all worthwhile. All these people deserve credit for this collection. Its flaws are the responsibility of the editor. Alice Jorgensen ABBREVIATIONS Æthelweard Chronicon Æthelweardi: The Chronicle of Æthelweard, ed. by Alistair Campbell (London, 1962) ANS Anglo-Norman Studies ASC Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ASCCE The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition ASE Anglo-Saxon England ASPR Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records Asser Asser’s Life of King Alfred; together with the Annals of St Neots erroneously ascribed to Asser, ed. by William Henry Stevenson, new impression with an article by Dorothy Whitelock (Oxford, 1959) Baker, MS F MS F, ed. by Peter Baker, ASCCE, 8 (Cambridge, 2000) BAR British Archaeological Reports Bately, MS A MS A, ed. by Janet Bately, ASCCE, 3 (Cambridge, 1986) Bately, TTR Janet Bately, The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Texts and Textual Relationships (Reading, 1991) BNJ British Numismatic Journal x Abbreviations Bosworth Toller J. Bosworth and T. N. Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dic- tionary (Oxford, 1898) Bredehoft, TH Thomas A. Bredehoft, Textual Histories: Readings in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (Toronto, 2001) Clark, ‘Narrative Mode’ Cecily Clark, ‘The Narrative Mode of The Anglo- Saxon Chronicle Before the Conquest’, in England Be- fore the Conquest: Studies in Primary Sources Presented to Dorothy Whitelock, ed. by Peter Clemoes and Kath- leen Hughes (Cambridge, 1971), pp. 215–35 Clark, PC The Peterborough Chronicle, ed. by Cecily Clark, 2nd edn (Oxford, 1970) Conner, Abingdon Chronicle The Abingdon Chronicle A.D. 956–1066, ed. by Patrick Conner, ASCCE, 10 (Cambridge, 1996) CS Cartularium Saxonicum: A Collection of Charters Relat- ing to Anglo-Saxon History, ed. by Walter de Gray Birch, 4 vols (London, 1885–99) Cubbin, MS D MS D, ed. by G. P. Cubbin, ASCCE, 6 (Cambridge, 1996) DB Domesday Book, ed. by John Morris, 35 vols (Chi- chester, 1975–92); cited in the form DB: [County Name], numerical reference DOE Dictionary of Old English in Electronic Form A–F, ed. by Angus Cameron, Ashley Crandell Amos, and Anto- nette diPaolo Healey (Toronto, 2003), CD-ROM Dumville, ‘Origins’ David Dumville, ‘The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Origins of English Square Minuscule Script’, in Wessex and England from Alfred to Edgar: Six Essays on Political, Cultural, and Ecclesiastical Revival, Studies in Anglo-Saxon History, 3 (Woodbridge, 1992), pp. 55–139