Re-enchanting Humanity A Defensoel thHau manS pirit AgainsAtn tihumaniMsims,a nthropy, Mysticiasnmd,P rimitivism Murray Bookchin 1." - CASSELL Contents A caveatto t her eader Acknowledgments Prologue , Chapteorn e Becominhgu man 8 Chaptetrw o From' selfgiesnhe st'o M other' Gaia' 35 Chaptetrh ree Then ew Malthusians 59 Chaptefro ur Frome comysticitsoam n gelology 86 Cassell Chaptefri ve Them ytho ft hep rimitive WellingtHoonu se '20 125S trand Chaptesri x Technophobainad i ttsr ibulations londoWnC 2R OBB '48 Chaptesre ven Postmodernniishti lism 215P arAkv enueS outh 172 New York Chapteeri ght Sciencaen da nti·science: anything goes NY 10003 205 Chapter nineR e-enchanthiunmga nity MurraByo okch1i9n9 5 228 C Epilogue Allr ighrtess erveNdo. p aro1f t hipsu blicatmiaoynb er eproducoerd 258 transmititnea dn yf ormo rb ya ny means. eleocrtm reocnhiacn ical including photocroepcyoirndgio.nra g n yi nformatsitoonr aogrer etrieval Index 26' systemw,i thouptr iopre rmissiionwn r itifnrgo mt hep ublishers. Firpsutb lish1e9d9 5 catalogrueec orfdo r tbhoiosk i sa vailafbrloem t heB ritilsihb rary A ISBN0 -304-3284(3h-aXr dback) 0-304-3283{9p-a1p erback) Desigann dt ypesettBiennCg r acknell Printaendd b oundi nG reaBtr itabiynB iddileism ited. GuildfoarnddK ing'lsy nn Fomry d rfrairn ouJlji yftiayDn a,v Eiids ttl A caveattot her eader Todayw,h ene nvironmentiasul nidsemar s sabuylR te publirceaanc tion­ arieisn t heU niteSdt atTeosr,yr eactionianBri reist aainnda, p ologifsotrs corporianttee reevsetrsy wheIrw ei,s ht or eitemrya teem phatiscu pport foarl eln vironmentteanldiesntct iheasste etko p resebrivoeti dci versity, cleaani ra ndw aterc,h emicaulnltya inftoeodd asn,d w ildernaersesa s. Mucho fm y lif-es omef ortyye atassa writeire,c ruraenrda, c tiviisnt variomuosv emen-ts beena ndr emaiansss iduocuosnluyn ined to has theseen vironmegnotaallIs tw. o uldb eg rosdse magogufeoryra ntihu­ manismtiss,a nthroapnedps r,i mivi-tiwshtosi nm y viewa res eriously damagitnhge c nvirolllclacunst-eat lo i denttihfye iorw n regressive ideawsi the coloagys sanHdte ohc h alleanngyec riticiosftm h ema sa n endeavtoosr u bvetrhtee colomgoyv ement. Ifi ndi tn ecesstaorm ya ket hisst atemteont th er eadbeerc aussoem e yearasg o,a leadilnigg hitnt hed eepe colotgeyn densccya ndalously accusmeed inTh e Progresosfci avpei tulattori enagc tionianrt ihees UniteSdt ataefst Iec rr iticihzieesdc omyscivciaelw assd eletertioto hues environmemnotvaelm enNto.r i sh et heo nloyn ew hoh asd ones oo ver they earisno llwea yo ra nother. Ih ave encounstueccrhye ndi cbaelh avioonrlo yn ceb efoirnem y life­ time - durintgh e1 930sw,h en devoteoefs S talivne'rss ioonf Communismd esignaatleoldf t heicrr itic'sf ascainsdtw so'r sfeo r as darintgo c halletnhgeei pro liciSeusc.hb ehavior sbheo suelvde rely reprovaescd y nicaanldd emagogiicfe n vironmenatranelo itst toss u rren­ dert hem orailn tegrtihtatyth ecyl aim tfhoerm selavnedst heiird eas. Whati sa ts takiens ucrhh etorcihcaarlg iesws h ethedri ssenvtiienwgs withitnh ee cologmyo vemen(tw hicshh oulbde e ncouragieftd h e movemenitst oa dvancaer)ee venp ossiobrlw eh ethecrr itictihsamts concetrnh ew elfaroef t hamto vemencta nb ei ntelliegxepnltolryoe nd theoiwrn t erms. Havinegx prestsheidcs o ncerintw, o uldb ef oolhatrodi yg norteh e tendencoyf antihuman(.piasrmt icutlraernldyls i kes ociobiology, RE-ENCHANT1NGH UMANrTY Malthusiaaninsddm e,e pe cologtyo)f eeidn ttoh ep oliticcahlalryg ed sociDaalr winitsrmu itsv ermyu cha broatdo daTyh.e animalioz.fa tion humanitthya Itb elietvhee ster enfdoss ttehre,ri erg resasbisvoer ptoifo n majosro cicaoln cernisn tboi ologbye t -heeyx presisnte edm u goefn et­ icsd,e mographoircb si,o cent-riissnm o wb einsgt rideencthloye bdy Acknowledgments reactiolneagriys lwahtoou rssez oologicraeld uctioniasnmi deological as weapofno rwa ging:w aro n tphoeo rt,h eu nderprivialnedtg heehd .e lp­ lesTsh.u si nd ebaticnts h eU S Congreosnsr educiwnegl f:arbee nefittos then eedya,l egislafrtoomr A oricwbh oo pposseusc ahi di sr eponetdo havhee ludp a isgnt hasta i'dD oN otF eetdh e Alliagnadtn oortse''d W,e postth eswea rni"b'5 because unnfaeteudriaanlng d a [nsiifci![cs1ii da.ll Ic annostu fficienttlryu nk cmoym paniaonnd c olleaJgaunecB,ti ehflo,r carcer eatdeesp endenAc lye'.gi slaftroomr W yominigs r eportteohd a ve hers crupulroeuasd ianngd c opyediotfit nhgib so oka,s w ell forh er draw'na s imiplaarra lwlietlwh o lve(sR'o biTno nerR,e solvneodm :o re as bleedihnega rtNse,lli Y orTki mn'W,e eki nR eview' secti1o6n., Julayd viactee very pionii ntspt r eparaatnidoh ne ra ssistiannr cees earching materfioacrle rtacihna pteHresro. w nu nfinishebdo oko nd eeepc ology 1995). waso neo ft hem ajosro urcfeosmr a terioanlw hicIhr eliienwd r itimnyg In my viewt,h iksi ndo f' natulraawl'm entalidtiyr,e ctocvdc r­ chaptocnre comysticiTsomm .y editSotrev,Ce o oko fC assellolw.e a whelming�lgayi nstp oora ndu nderpriviwlheodg cesdp crately need the genuindee btf ore ncouragimneg t hroughtohuetp reparaotfit ohne matcriaasls istacn;lcnve e,r ye ;lsibley d erived ifdrcooml ogietwhsa t manuscrainpdft o hri psa tienicned elatyhsa wte rec ausbeydil lhe altIh . reducheu mana ttibuttoet hse i nterpolfag ye nest,oa dcmographics wouladl sloi kteot hanSkt eveBne satn dR ichaWrodl ifno rre adianngd baseodn theb ehavioouffr r ufliiets a,n dt oa biocenttrriusrtme nders advismien go nm y chaptoenrp ostmodernTihsemio.rw n worki nt rus humanb einignst erchangaballel igaatnodwr osl veisnt emuo ft heir with area beeni rrunenssteilmyu laatnidnd ge servetsh ew idesrte ading 'intriwnosritchH 'o.w precariousltyh esvea riaonf;lt ns tihumanism close has public. areto t hel ethsaolc iiadle olotgiruetss weptth rouEguhr opaen dA merica Fort her estth,ev iewIse xpreisnts h ef ollowpianggea sr ee ntiremlyy int he1 920asn d1 930sI,s hallela viett ot hei nfonnrecda dteorj udge. own,a ndI a.l onem stc lairme sponsifboiarln iydt eyf ecttsh eb ookm ay MtJRMY BOOKCHIN u contaiTnh.e sevi ewhsa veb eeni nt hem akinfgo ry e:arasn dr eflect May 1995 chanbrinpgo lemiecmaplh asiensm y writings htahvaeet m ergedo ver time. , " Prologue Thihso okd ealwsi tho neo ft hem ostt roublcionngd ititohnaastff licts socieattty h ep resetnitm ea:s weepifainlgu roef n ervIe. speakionfg am ad eep-sccautletdu mraalla itshear te flecatw sa ninbge liienof u rs pecies' creataibviel iItinea sv .e rrye asle nswee,s eemt ob ea fraoifod u rsel� ves ofo uru niquehluym ana ttribuWtI;e sse.e mt ob e sufferfirnogma decliinneh umans elf-confidaenndci en o ura biltiotc yr eaetteh ically meaninglfiuvlte hsa etn rihcuhm aniatnydt hen Oli-human world. Tinsd ecliinneh umans elf-confidteohn ecs eu,r ei,sn otn ew.T he ancieMnetd iterrawnoeralndf eliln toa perioodf d eclinmionrga l stamiannad s elf-wotrhtachto ntributtote hde onosfet th es o-called 'DarAkg es' EuropMee.d ievEaulr oppea.r ticuilnat rhlefy o urteenth in centuarnydaf ter, toma pasrpti ritaunadlm layt eribayld liys locatioll5 was sof onnidatbhlaet ,F r:m�oiVisl loFnr,a ncbe''Tse aptoeesttl, a mented, as roaming wofrlovme tsh e count'raytsweii dned i'n t hed angeroaunsd famine-stsrtircekoeeftsnP aris. Yeti nb oth tohfe spee rioad sse,n soefh opes tillli ngeorne idn t he humans pirai bte,l iienf tmhoer aaln ds ociraeld emptioofnh umanity. Leproausst heh umanc onditisoene metdo m ena ndw omeni nt hose demoralitizmiensgt, h esyh aread b elitehfa otu rs peciweassc apabolfe achievai bnegt tmeorr aaln ds ocidails pensaEtairolCnyh. r istianaisit ty , emergefdw m thed yinagn ciewnotr ldp.r oclaitmheeud l timpaotwee r ofh umanv irttuoea chieavnee arthplayr adainsdea ffinnetdh ee xistence of a providendteisailg tno guidee rransto ulsT.h e Protestant Refonnattihoantt o ofko nna se arlayst hef ourteecnetnht uardyv anced a newm essagoefi ndividusaellift-yc,e ratnadii,nn ti yt,ms o re radical formst,h ea spirattioowna rad sharicnogm munisstoicci eftrye oef hierarchy. Inc ontrtaost th eseea rltiiemre osu.ro wne raa,st het hirmdi llennium comeisn tvoi ewp,r oclaai vmesr dyi ffersepnitr iatnudas lo cimaels sage. Evenas technoloabdrivcaanlc oefsf etrh ep ossibiolfui ntpyr ecedented matersieaclu riftryeti,em e,p hysiwceilll -beainndga , r ehannornzation , Re-£NCHANTlNG HUMANrTY I'IIot.OGL< ofo urre tlinaoshwiiptsth h e worlagd r,o nwgni umboefwr r iters markpeodp ualtatirt oundletysw goe neraatigoaonn tsdh seuc esptibility and speaukste hraostu navrttue eralril ynl g eniunti etcyhn oliosrg ye aelvliy­ oft hpeu btloia cnin rdloyr ie-notfteedmn i sant-hsrpoipriict ualism denocfeac hillin-gr efasiulfrluotirmnoe gu 'ri nnahtueb r-itsoi' n te­ anda privawtiiswattihcd rfarwoapmlu blliicif net moy sticoraq lu asi­ !,>r.lteo ulri vweistt hhn ea tuwroarllI dn.d eweeda ,ra es kteord e goaurrd mystbieclasilye sft ems. remarkhaubmlaean b ilities afnodir n ntohvoaautisago thntt r ibutesI tip sr ieescltyh ebseel siyesft tehmast b ooske etkoes x amine and destmcotfoi uvvree rsye lavswe esl alst hnea tuwroarllW de.a rbee ing sharcprliyt iIc iazceu.ta ewlaytr hethisma at nayp parseinmtilblyoa ork s taugthomt i storuuarsb ti laishti uemsa bne intgocs o,n storua'rip nr een­ havael reaapdpamye adreerdi,dt ihineng n ovaitidvegeae sn erbaytt ehde inga rrogapnrcees'u.mb aebclawyue sh ea vseeo tu mlvuepas sa s pedes radi1c9a6al0n scd a llfionargc onsercvualttiruvereta rle ncthotm rean­t agatit nhrsee osftt hweo rolfd Sucwhri teorfstp eenr soonuivrfya r­ ditio&rni.lnya lv alues, breleilecifSog,ni voeunstiv ionnuaealsn, dr ight­ iouisn stitutiaonndat lech nollifeoc.ag lai chieveas mdeenmtso neixct ensionsw inpgo liitidceoaogilles . We havme orbeo otkhse dsaeyo ns' vinucs'- ofo uro wna nthropoicmepnutrlainscdei nsd ifferteoon cteh er livicnugl taunrsdao lci atlh a-wn ek nowwh attod ow ith. Asa l eilofng social being. sAmidasf tra goo fe ssenmtiiaslalnyt hprroopcilca mations,r adiIhc aavlne,oi ntentioofan d ditnogt hree grelsistaionvfwye o es pre­ arhca rpdut tok norawwh etohueorrw na chieveamroeeun 'rtf sr iweoe rn ds' sUincaabulsbyey rd ad ilcailf easntvdya lleuoser cs a.l lfoittn hgree vivoafl 'foes'. estabtlriasdhiemtida onnoysft , h erme pelltehn'etc .u lIwtnau nrt'ah la t Yeitn a c errasienn ssoem feo racredese moniincd e-epda rticularlAym ericcoanns ervhaavtpeir voecsl airmeecdye eniatInr s st,ab nads ically giacnotr poraantdni aotniso n-Tshteavsteeer fsyo. r acceotsp pressivelwyi tthh eoiprp onewnotmses:ne ekfiunelgql u ailnail tayr gpealtyr icen­ upoonw nl iveeffasc,i onugfr a iitnfrh e edoamnc do nunubnyti hteyir trsiocc itehtuey n;d erpriavnidvl iecgtieomdfsr acdiiaslc rimination; co ndiinngfl ueanncdce o mpleT.hxiemr oyr.ie n timastoecl iiafle envirorunwehnoata rlseie setkstio nr ge scouuelr i fe-supsltaanienti ng tmmaheaxits tienvd i lltaogwensas,n, nd e ighboornhloacyo e dnst augroy frocmo rpodreaptree daatinodtn h;de i mininsuhmibneogrf raclical yieltdoae ndo verpowienrsitintgu gitigoanntiasltmh adt eterhasm ines peopwlheoa rsee ekitnocg reaar taet isooncaile ty. aspeocfots u lri vferso,tm h oer dinaaffarioyrf s evelriytfdoega r:ilyel a t socuipahle aovnaa w losr ldswcidael e. Iti sl argbeelc.ayuo sfme yc ommitmtenott h ese apnecdoa pulseie ns , Hencieitn s o stu rprtihssaiotnc gi aalp petaour nsf olliadkn ei nex­ factth,Iah ta vwer ittebono kI. deepdliys tubrytb hecedo nserv­ plicambylset ebreyy,o onudr o rdlifei nuanrdye rstaannddc oinntgr oL ativlei tertahtaiutnthisr v eo ak 'etsamr adiutisounaahllil'ey.r arhcihdiec­al, Whethweesr e oeu rsealsvv ielslo arvi incst wiemf se,oe ulr seslivneksi ng bounpdas Btu.pt a radoaxsiim tca asyle eIm ,a ldseoe ply dbiys turbed intamo o raosfcs o nullandfionrgci edse,o lasogw ielcla iln stitu­ itpss eudo-croamdpilceamtleh sneot -:c ama' lnlepewad r adoirggm e'n eri­ as tiontahdlae,tfi noeubr e hasvaoincdodirral a oiunvr e rayb ifloistrey l f-deterc­al'lNye Awg el'i tertahta'utdr ies encuhswa inttohsu 'rh umanity, minatiionpn e rsaonnpdau lb laiffaci rHse.l plaetts hsdeli ys poof'n5st a l indetehdas,tu mmounsst or egaorudr sealsav neu sg ldye,s tructive socio-eccornoosmsi-cc wuera rremena tsn,i pubbyt aeK da fkaesque excresocfen nacteue rvaoll u-twihoent haesar s pceis,e ag endaenr , worltdoco r ypttiofc a thOoumr.d omesptiocl iatribece sc omrionog ethngicr ouopra,n ationality. nationialns cotpoea llfoowlr o cfaolrm osf i ntervenetvioenn,o ur Likiets c onseravnadtit rvaed itioncaoluisntt etrhpNeae rwtA .b'C as internaptioolniaatilrc bese comtionwogo rldwinis dceo peb ec om­ mentatlhidatetym onhiuzmeasbne i nigsnw holoeri np air1Ist0 rn eces­ prehendedth era hmeitdoosf'rt gi lco mbaarlk aent'dsg 'l tood beaplee nnd- saruinliyfi ed orU ncloihmkeaern ceyon nts.e rtvraatidviet iNoenwa lists, ' Agem ystcidcesb rtahtceeo ntradoiftc htieo'inprsa radiitlgmsa' n,g uid CIC.S Ourl iviensc leuvdemeno rger irme alsiuticeahsst . h e proloif fentiionnt elliercrteusaplo nasnidib tsisel eimtpiyln,ug r aMloirstemh .a onn e nuclweeaarp oannsmd a tertihaselo sc.ii anldluyfc aemdi tnhepaslt a gue propoonfet nhvtei etwh hautm aniiastd ye linsqpueecniitnae nos t her­ thseo -ca'lTlheiWdro dr ltdh'ae,l mousnti mpeddeesdt mcotfai boon­ wisaem iabbiloes pohre' rceir ocfbl eei nagsts h'Re,e verend Thomas riginal cultaunrtdeh seb iospthheserp er,eo aftd y raonvneyrm ucohf Herpruyti ts, shardpilsyc mlyac ihma racteorfti hzevaiitireo wns . thep laneevetn w orlleda dsemrusge lxyt ola dnveawni cnpe esr sonal Yeotn edwil olen so hta vteol ootkO O benetahtsehu rfatcofie n da as ansdo cfrieaeld oTmh.el iosfct o ntempmoarlafreya astea vneclreeysv el Commounn derlytihnemgte h uant ifart ehsi gthphalecryu ti alrics,tti heistic, ofl icfoeu blede x tendeendd 1efrsosmtl hyie,m ploosfti hoienn n ecri ties biocepnoturmiodce,rnis tm,i santhraopnigdce ,n erimycsatllilicyta elr a­ tot hdee strucoftit oheon -z onlea yHeern.ct ehl eo sosfs elf-ctehratati ntyt urWeha.t I b elibervinetg sh etmo ge-tahnemdra noyft heemx rep ss 2 ,