T-M TRANSPORTATION-MARKINGS DATABASE: RAILWAY SIGNALS, SIGNS, MARKS & MARKERS 2nd Edition Brian Clearman MOllnt Angel Abbey 2009 TRANSPORTATION-MARKINGS DATABASE: RAILWAY SIGNALS, SIGNS, MARKS, MARKERS TRANSPORTATION-MARKINGS DATABASE: RAILWAY SIGNALS, SIGNS, MARKS, MARKERS Part Iiii, Second Edition Volume III, Additional Studies Transportation-Markings: A Study in Communication Monograph Series Brian Clearman Mount Angel Abbey 2009 TRANSPORTATION-MARKINGS A STUDYIN COMMUNICATION MONOGRAPH SERIES Alternate Series Title: An Inter-modal Study ofSafetyAids Alternate T-MTitles: Transport ration] Mark [ing]s/TransportMarks/Waymarks T-MFoundations, 5thedition, 2008 (PartA, VolumeI, First Studies inT-M) (2nd ed, 1991; 3rded, 1999,4thed,2005) A FirstStudy in T-M' The US, 2nded, 1993 (partB,Vol I) InternationalMarine Aids toNavigation, 2nd ed, 1988 (Parts C & D, VolI) [Unified1stEditionofPartsA-D, 1981,UniversityPress ofAmerica] International Traffic ControlDevices, 2nded, 2004 (partE, Vol II, Further StudiesinT-M) (lsted, 1984) InternationalRailwaySignals,1991 (partF, Vol II) InternationalAeroNavigation, 1994(partG, Vol II) T-MGeneralClassification, 2nded, 2003 (PartH, VolII) (lsted, 1995, [3rd ed, Projected]) Transportation-Markings Database: Marine, 2nd ed, 2007 (partIi, Vol III, Additional Studies inT-M) (1sted, 1997) TCD, 2nded, 2008 (PartIii, Vol III) (lsted, 1998) Railway, 2nded,2009 (partIiii,Vol III) (lst ed, 2000) Aero, 1sted, 2001 (partIiv) (2nd ed,Projected) Composite Categories Classification &Index, 1sted, 2006 (PartIv, Vol III) (2nded, Projected) Transportation-Markings: A HistoricalSurvey, 1750-2000,2002 (PartJ, VolIV, Final Studies inT-M) A Truly Integrative Transportation-Markings [AlternateTitle: Transportation Markings as anInformation System; SecondAlternateTitle: Transportation Markings as a CommunicationSystem (partK, Vol IV, Projected) Transportation-Markings GeneralTable ofContents withIndex, 6thed, 2008 (lsted, 2002; 2nd edition, 2003; 3rded, 2004, 4thed, 2005, 5thed, 2006) Dedicated to my Grandparel1ts: Catherine Abbie Brady Sauers, 1878-1919 Frederick William Sauers, 1869-1944 Annie Donaldson Clearman, 1879-1966 Frederick William Des Coudres Clearman, 1871-1968 Copyright (c) Mount Angel Abbey, 2008 All Rights Reserved Library ofCongress Cataloguing in Publication Data [1st ed] Clearman, Brian Database oftransportation-marking phenomena: additional studies /Brian Clearman. p. cm. -- (Transportation-markings: v. 3 = pt. 1) "Monograph series." Includes indexes. Contents: i. Marine -- ii. TCD -- iii. Rail-- iv. Aero 1. Transportation-markings--Databases. I. Title. II. Series: Clearman, Brian. Transportation-Markings: v. 3. TA 1245. C56 1984 vol. 3. 629.04'5 a [629.04'5]--DC21 97-25496 CIP 4 TRANSPORTATION-MARKINGSDATABASE: RAILWAYSIGNALS, SIGNS, MARKS, MARKERS PREFACE 12 ABBREVIAnONS 15 CHAPTERONE GENERAL RAILWAYSIGNAL TERMS A Indexes 1 Categories 17 2 Alphabetical 41 B GeneralRailway Signal Terms 1 Overarching Terms a) Signal Terms 63 b) FixedlLinesidelRailway-RailroadlWayside Signal Terms 65 c) OtherOverarching Terms 69 2 Possible Partial Overarching Terms a) Energy & Technology-Related Terms 72 b) Physical-Morphological Overlapping Terms 75 c) Possible Overarching Terms-Miscellaneous 76 3 Primary Overarching Terms in OtherLanguages 78 4 Signal Components 82 5 Signal ConfIrmation 86 C Messages: Aspects & Indications GeneralNote 1 Basic Terms & Colors a) Terms 88 b) Colors 1) Basic Colors 89 2) Color Combinations 90 3) SpecializedColors 91 4) Spatial ConfIgurations 92 5 5) VariantColor Combinations & Miscellaneous ColorUses 93 2 Aspects a) Single-AspectTerms 94 b) Two-AspectTerms 94 c) Three-Aspect Terms 96 d) Four-AspectTerms 97 e) Five-AspectTerms 98 f) OtherAspects 98 3 Indications a) Primary Forms 99 b) SpecializedForms 101 D Morphological Terms GeneralNote 105 1 Running Signal Terms a) Overarching Signal Terms 106 b) Core Terms: Stop, Distant & Related SignalTerms 1) Stop Signal Terms 108 2) Starting Signal Terms 110 3) DistantSignal Terms 111 c) SystemTerms 113 d) Route & Junction Signal/IndicatorTerms 1) Basic Terms 116 2) OtherRoute & JunctionTerms 117 e) Other Signal Terms Pertaining to Running Operations 119 2 Subsidiary SignalTerms a) Overarching Terms 123 b) SwitchIndicator/Signals & Points Indicators/Signals 124 c) Shunt Signal/IndicatorTerms 1) Overarching Shunting Terms 126 2) Physical Shunting Terms 127 3) Function-Related Shunting Signal Terms 128 d) Siding, TrainYard & Other Signals 131 3 Message-Related Signal Terms 133 4 Miscellaneous Signal Terms 133 E Systems (orMethods ofControl) 6 ---------------- 1 BlockSystems Terms a) BlockSystem Overarching Terms 136 b) Manual BlockSignal Systems 139 c) ControlledManual BlockSystems 139 d) Automatic BlockSystems 141 e) AbsolutelPermissive Systems 145 f) OtherBlockTerms 147 2 Interlocking Terms 149 3 TrainControl Terms a) Overarching Terms 154 b) Forms ofTrainControl 158 c) Subdivisions ofTrainControl 1) Train Stop 159 2) Speed Control 161 3) Traffic Control 162 4) CTC 162 d) SpecificNamed Systems 163 e) Miscellaneous Terms 169 CHAPTER TWO ALL-LIGHTED SIGNALS A Indexes 1 Categories Index 172 2 Alphabetical Index 180 B Overarching, ColorLight, & OtherAll-Lighted Signal Forms 1 Overarching Terms 190 2 ColorLight Signal Terms a) Principal Forms 1) BasicForms 191 2) Limited-Variant Forms 192 3) VariantForms 193 4) SignallingForms 195 b) Other ColorLight Signal Forms 7 1) Distance Terms 196 2) Lens Arrangement Terms 197 3) Morphology & Other Terms 197 3 Searchlight Signal Forms 201 4 OtherAll-LightedTerms a) Single Lens Units [FrequentlyMorphological Dimension] 1) Terms Slightly MoreMorphological ThanPhysical 205 2) SomewhatMore Morphological ThanPhysical 206 b) DwarfSignals [FrequentlyMultiple Lens] 206 c) UndifferentiatedPhysical Forms 207 C PositionLight, Color-PositionLight& Symbolic(Alphabetic Graphic, Geometric) Forms 1 PositionLight Signal Terms 211 2 Color-PositionLight Signal Terms 216 3 Symbolic Forms General Note 218 a) Multi-Lamp/TheatreIndicators 218 b) Stencil Indicators 219 c) Other Forms 220 D Cab Signalling 1 Major Cab Signal Forms 221 2 Forms (Operational) ofCab Signals 224 3 Partly Morphological Terms 226 4 Other Cab Signal Forms 227 5 Cab Signals with SoundDimension 228 CHAPTER THREE PARTIALLY-LIGHTED SIGNALS A Indexes 1 Categories Index 230 2 Alphabetical Index 240 B Semaphore Signal Forms 1 Overarching Terms 250 8 2 Specific Forms a) Lower Quadrant & UpperQuadrantSignal Forms 252 b) Somersault Signals 254 3 Methods ofOperation 255 4 Morphology-Related Terms 258 5 System-RelatedTerms 260 6 OtherForms 261 C Signal Boards, Disc Signals & OtherForms 1 Signal Boards a) Overarching Terms & Terms in OtherLanguages 265 b) Specific Board Terms 267 2 Disc Signals GeneralNote a) Disc Signals [Containingthe Word Disc] 269 b) Banner Signals [ExposedDisc Forms Under the BannerName] 273 3 Morphological-Related Terms GeneralNote 276 a) Switch Terms 276 b) PointIndicators 276 c) Route Indicators 276 d) Miscellaneous Forms 276 4 Other Forms a) Crossbar Signals 281 b) Flag Signals 282 c) Lighted Signs & Boards 283 d) TrackIndicators 283 e) OtherForms 284 CHAPTERFOUR UNLIGHTED, AUDIO & RADIO SIGNS, SIGNALS, MARKERS, MOVABLE & TIMEINTERVAL &TRAIN ORDERFORMS A Indexes 1 Categories 287 9