CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 Volume 36 January IMAGING OF OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, pages 1-235 March HEPATIC IMAGING, pages 237-462 May INTERVENTIONAL PROCEDURES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL RADIOLOGY I, pages 463-607 July INTERVENTIONAL PROCEDURES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL RADIOLOGY II, pages 609-759 September HEAD AND NECK IMAGING, pages 761-1019 November IMAGING IN OPHTHALMOLOGY I, pages 1021-1299 Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. Abscesses, aspiration of, ultrasonography-guided, asthma, 183-184 598-599 bronchiectasis, 184 blunt hepatic trauma and, CT of, 407-408 bronchiolitis, 182-183 of infrahyoid neck, 786-787 bronchiolitis obliterans, 184-185 orbital, 1176, 1198 bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing in children, 1159-1160 pneumonia, 185-186 subperiosteal, 1174-1176 tracheal, 175-179 peritonsillar, 971-972 croup, 175-176 pyogenic liver. See Pyogenic liver abscesses. mass lesions, 176-177 retropharyngeal, 765 stenosis, 178-179 Acetabular labrum, tears of. See Hips. tracheomalacia, 177 Actinic cell carcinoma, of salivary glands, 960 Airway response heterogeneity, physiologic imaging of, Actinomycosis, salivary gland involvement by, 953 214-215 Adenocarcinoma, sinonasal, 934-935 Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, 134-140 Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified, of salivary atelectasis and parenchymal opacities in, 137 bronchiectasis in, 136-137 glands, 960-961 Adenoid cystic carcinoma, of salivary glands, 960 in cystic fibrosis, 137-140 sinonasal, 934 mucoid impaction in, 137 Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis, etiology of, 140 Adenomas, pleomorphic, of salivary glands, 957-959 Allergic fungal sinusitis, evaluation of, 927-928 oropharyngeal, 972 Amebic liver abscesses, clinical features of, 382-384 sinonasal, 931 Ameloblastomas, evaluation of, 859, 861 Adhesive capsulitis, arthrography of, 611-612 AMI-25, in MR imaging, of hepatic disease, 288-291 Adult polycystic liver disease, imaging of, 449 AMI-227, in MR imaging, of hepatic disease, 291-292 Airway caliber, lung volume and, 219-224 Amyloidosis, diffuse hepatic disease due to, 372-373 Airway complications, of lung transplantation, for Anesthesia, in musculoskeletal biopsies, 570 emphysema, 68-70 Anesthetic hip arthrography, technique for, 687-688 Airway edema, physiologic imaging of, 216-219 Aneurysmal bone cysts, evaluation of, 864-865 Airway infections, and chronic obstructive pulmonary orbital, in children, 1159 disease, 4 percutaneous injection of, 582 Airway measurement reproducibility, physiologic Aneurysms, of infrahyoid neck, 791 imaging of, 215-216 of petrous apex, 803 Airway obstruction, in children, 175-187 of splenic artery, and hepatic transplantation, 431 bronchial, 179-182 Angiofibromas, juvenile oropharyngeal, 973 congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations, juvenile sinonasal, 1209 179-180 Angiography, magnetic resonance, of hepatic disease, congenital lobar emphysema, 180 279 endobronchial lesions, 180-182 of infrahyoid neck, 782 extrinsic compression, 182 Angiography-assisted computed tomography, of hepatic bronchiolar, 182-185 disease, 253 1281 1282 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 Angiomas, vertebral, percutaneous vertebroplasty for, differential diagnosis of, 133-134 535, 538, 540 high-resolution CT of, 202-203 Angiomatosis, von Hippel-Lindau retinal, simulating in children, 183-184 retinoblastomas, 1113 quantification of changes due to, 133 Angiomyolipomas, imaging of, 327-328 sinus disease and, 132 Angiosarcomas, imaging of, 343-344 uncomplicated, radiologic findings in, 129-132 in children, 416 Astrocytomas, retinal, simulating retinoblastomas, 1110 Angle opening, of eye, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, Atelectasis, after lung volume reduction surgery, for 1051-1052 emphysema, 82 Angle region, of eye, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, 1051 in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, 137 Ankles, MR arthrography of, 729-738 relaxation, definition of, 30 anatomy and pathology in, 730-734 Atelectatic sinus, clinical features of, 1207 complications of, 734-735 Autoimmune diseases, of salivary glands, 950-952 indications for, 730 Autonomic nerves, orbital, high-resolution MR imaging technique for, 730 of, 1033, 1037 tenography of, 739-756 anatomy in, 739-740 case report of, 753-754 contraindications to, 753 Bacterial cellulitis, rhinosinusitis and. See R/inosinusitis. for posterior tibial vs. flexor digitorum longus ten- Bacterial infections, after lung transplantation, for dons, 748 emphysema, 67 indications for, 748-751, 753 of salivary glands, 949-950 technique for, 740-748 Ballottement test, for wrist abnormalities, 656 Annulus fibrosus, anatomy of, and discography, 464 Bell's palsy, and facial paralysis, 844 Anophthalmic socket, 1133-1138 Benign liver lesions, 319-331, 448-453 congenital, 1133-1134 and hepatic calcification, 392-393 craniofacial disease with, 1138 angiomyolipomas, 327-328 orbital implant migration in, 1135, 1138 biliary cystadenomas, 324-325 surgical, 1134-1135 cysts, 323-324, 448-449 tumor evaluation in, 1138 focal nodular hyperplasia, 319-321, 450 vascularization concerns in, 1135 hemangiomas, 325-327, 449 Anterior chamber, of eye, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, hepatocellular adenomas, 321-322, 449-450 1051 nodular regenerative hyperplasia, 322-323 a,-Antitrypsin deficiency, and chronic obstructive Betamethasone, in facet joint injections, 500, 502 pulmonary disease, 4 Bhalla scoring system, for cystic fibrosis, 154 Apertures, orbital, high-resolution MR imaging of, Biceps tendon instability, MR arthrography of, 629, 631 1022-1023 Bile peritonitis, blunt hepatic trauma and, CT of, Apicitis, of petrous apex, 806 408-409 Appendage cysts, orbital, in children, 1156-1157 Biliary cirrhosis, in cystic fibrosis, 157 Arachnoid cysts, of petrous apex, 803, 805 Biliary cystadenocarcinoma, imaging of, 342-343 Arterial portography, of hepatic disease, 253-255 Biliary cystadenomas, imaging of, 324-325 metastatic disease, 353, 358, 453 Biloma, blunt hepatic trauma and, CT of, 408-409 protocol for, 261 Biomicroscopy, ultrasound. See Ultrasound biomicroscopy. Arteries, orbital, high-resolution MR imaging of, Biopsies, musculoskeletal. See Musculoskeletal biopsies. 1030-1031 needle, of salivary glands, 949 Arteriography, computed tomography, of hepatic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 11 metastatic disease, 353 of soft tissue masses, ultrasonography-guided, 601 Arteriovenous fistulas, and pulsatile tinnitus, 837-838 transbronchial, after lung transplantation, for emphy- Arthrocentesis, ultrasonography-guided, 600-601 sema, 67 Arthrography, distention, for frozen shoulder syndrome, Birmingham scoring system, for cystic fibrosis, 154 589-590 Black prosthesis, for hearing deficit, 849 technique for, 589-590 Blunt hepatic trauma, classification of, 400 of ankles. See Ankles. complications of, 407-409 of elbows. See Elbows. biloma and bile peritonitis, 408-409 of hips. See Hips. delayed hemorrhage, 408 of knees. See Knees. hemobilia, 409 of shoulders. See Shoulders. infections, 407-408 of wrists. See Wrists. CT of, 399-411 Arthroplasty, hip, prosthesis loosening after, 680-686 active hemorrhage, 404-405 Arthroscopy, of hips. See Hips. gallbladder injuries, 406-407 of wrists, vs. arthrography, 670 hematomas, 402-403 Articular cartilage, of knees, arthrography of. See Knees. lacerations, 403 Aspergillus cellulitis, rhinosinusitis and, 1178 periportal low density, 405-406 Aspergillus infections, in obstructed sinus, 1205 technique for, 399-400 of sphenoid sinus, 810-811 vascular injuries, 403-404 Aspiration, of prosthetic hip joint, 686-687 mechanisms of injury in, 401 Asthma, 129-134 sites of, 401 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 5 Bone cysts, injection of. See Intraosseous cyst injection. complications of, 140 Bone marrow, injection of, for unicameral bone cysts, definition of, 129 582 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 1283 Bone marrow transplantation, veno-occlusive disease Bullectomy, for emphysema, 57-58 after, ultrasonography of, 306 Bupivacaine hydrochloride, in facet joint injections, Bones, invasion of, by head and neck lesions, 1002 502-503 orbital, high-resolution MR imaging of, 1022-1023 Bursitis, fluid aspiration in, ultrasonography-guided, Brachial plexopathy, in infrahyoid neck, 782, 795 601 Brain stem, lesions of, and facial nerve palsy, 842 Bursography, iliopsoas, technique for, 688-689 Branchial apparatus, congenital anomalies of, 783, 785 subacromial, technique for, 612-613 Brasfield scoring system, for cystic fibrosis, 154 Bronchi, in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2-6 Bronchial dehiscence, after lung transplantation, for emphysema, 70 Calcifications, of salivary glands, 946 Bronchial obstruction, in children. See Airway Calcified tendinitis, in shoulders. See Painful shoulders. obstruction. management of, 601-602 Bronchial stenosis, after lung transplantation, for Candidiasis, hepatic, imaging of, 385 emphysema, 70 Capsular abnormalities, of elbows, arthrography of, Bronchial wall thickening, in asthma, 131-132 Bronchiectasis, 107-128 Carcinoma, nasopharyngeal, 973-975 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 5 of salivary glands, actinic cell, 960 clinical features of, 107-108 adenoid cystic, 960 epidemiology of, 108-109 mucoepidermoid, 959-960 functional consequences of, 109-110 salivary duct, 960 high-resolution CT of, 112-119, 200-201 squamous cell, 960-961 accuracy of, 121-123 oropharyngeal, squamous cell, 975-980 future developments in, 125 paranasal, 933 in children, 184 sinonasal, 931-933 morphologic-functional correlations in, 124-125 adenoid cystic, 934 pitfalls in interpretation of, 119, 121 nonsquamous, 934 scan patterns in, as indicator of cause, 123-124 squamous cell, 931 scan signs in, 114-119 undifferentiated, 933-934 technique for, 112-114 Carinal obstruction, vs. asthma, 133-134 in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, 136-137 Carotid aneurysms, of petrous apex, 803 in asthma, 130-131 Carotid artery, tortuous, 791 in cystic fibrosis, 148-149 Carotid body tumors, of infrahyoid neck, 787-789 pathology of, 109 Carotid space, in suprahyoid neck, 769-771 plain films of, 110-112 Carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas, color Doppler imaging Bronchiolar obstruction, in children. See Airway of, 1063 obstruction. Cartilage invasion, by head and neck lesions, 1002 Bronchiolitis, 163-173 Cat-scratch disease, and hepatic disease, in children, 421 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 5-6 salivary gland involvement by, 953 cellular, 164-165 Cavernous sinus, masses in, 811-813, 815 constrictive, 167-169 thrombosis of, imaging of, 1176-1178 vs. asthma, 134 rhinosinusitis and, 1198 diffuse panbronchiolitis, 165, 167 Celiac artery stenosis, and hepatic transplantation, high-resolution CT of, 201 430-431 in children, 182-183 Cellular bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 164-165 pathogenesis and pathophysiology of, 31 Cellulitis, of infrahyoid neck, 786-787 respiratory, 167 rhinosinusitis and. See Rhinosinusitis. Bronchiolitis obliterans, after lung transplantation, for Cementifying fibromas, orbital involvement by, 1243 emphysema, 70-71 Cementoblastomas, of jaws, 876 high-resolution CT of, 167-169, 201 Cemento-osseous dysplasia, of jaws, 872-873 in children, 184-185 Cephaloceles, orbital, in children, 1161-1162 with intraluminal polyps, high-resolution CT of, 169, Cerebellopontine angle, lesions of, and facial nerve 172 palsy, 842 Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia, Chemical irritants, leaking from intervertebral disc, and after lung transplantation, for emphysema, 71 discogenic pain, 471 in children, 185-186 Chemotherapy, for hepatic metastatic disease, 454, 456 Bronchitis, chronic. See Chronic bronchitis. Cherubism, orbital involvement by, 1245-1246 Bronchocentric granulomatosis, in allergic Chocolate cysts, orbital, in children, 1155-1156 bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, 140 Cholangiocarcinoma, intrahepatic, and hepatic Bronchography, of chronic bronchitis, 34 calcification, 395 Bronchoscopy, after lung transplantation, for imaging of, 340-342, 451 emphysema, 65 Choledochal cysts, and neonatal jaundice, 423-424 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 11 Cholesteatomas, acquired, 822, 824 Buccal space, in suprahyoid neck, 775-776 of petrous apex, 803 Budd-Chiari syndrome, diffuse hepatic disease due to, Cholesterol cysts, of petrous apex, 803 368-369 Cholesterol granulomas, evaluation of, 822 Bullae, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and, 49 orbital subperiosteal, 1196-1197 CT of, 45 Chondral fractures, arthrography of, 643-644 definition of, 30 Chondroblastomas, orbital involvement by, 1253-1254 pathogenesis and pathophysiology of, 31 Chondroid lesions, of head and neck, CT of, 985 1284 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 Chondromalacia patella, imaging of, 715-718 emphysema, 31 Chondromas, of jaws, 879 physiologic imaging of, 211-230 orbital involvement by, 1252-1253 clinical applications of, 227-228 Chondrosarcomas, of center skull base, 807-809 for airway edema, 216-219 of head and neck, 985 for airway measurement reproducibility, 215-216 of larynx and hypopharynx, 908-909 for airway response heterogeneity, 214-215 orbital involvement by, 1254-1258 for effects of lung volume on airway caliber, 219- Chordomas, of center skull base, 807 224 Chorioretinal colobomas, simulating retinoblastomas, high-resolution CT in, 211-213 1111 MR imaging in, 213-214 Choristomas, orbital involvement by, in children, three-dimensional reconstruction in, 224-227 1150-1152 small airway diseases. See Bronchiolitis. three-dimensional imaging of, 1269 upper airways in. See Upper airways. Choroidal hemangiomas, 1086, 1088-1092 Ciliary body, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, 1052 clinical features of, 1088-1089 Ciliary body tumors, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, 1055 color Doppler imaging of, 1062-1063 Cine computed tomography, of tracheomalacia, in diagnosis of, 1089 children, 177 management of, 1089 Circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas, management of, simulating retinoblastomas, 1113 1088, 1089, 1092 vs. malignant choroidal melanoma, 1092 Cirrhosis, biliary, in cystic fibrosis, 157 Choroidal hemorrhage, clinical features of, 1093 diffuse hepatic disease due to, 365-366 Choroidal lymphoma, clinical features of, 1093-1094 Cirrhotic liver, imaging of, 339 Choroidal melanoma, color Doppler imaging of, 1062 Clefts, facial, three-dimensional imaging of, 1263 malignant, vs. choroidal hemangiomas, 1092 Coats’ disease, 1119-1131 ultrasonography of, 1077 clinical features of, 1119-1120 Choroidal nevi, clinical features of, 1092-1093 CT of, 1122-1125 Choroidal osteomas, simulating retinoblastomas, differential diagnosis of, 1120, 1122 1109-1110 histopathology of, 1120 Chronic bronchitis, bronchography of, 34 managemeni of, 1120 CT of, 37 MR imaging of, 1125 definition of, 29 natural course of, 1120 diagnosis of, 3 simulating retinoblastomas, 1108 exacerbation of, chronic obstructive pulmonary dis- vs. persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, 1125- ease and, 47 1128 pathogenesis and pathophysiology of, 30-31 vs. retinoblastomas, 1124-1125 plain films of, 32-34 Collateral ligament tears, arthrography of, 644-646 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, airway Colobomas, simulating retinoblastomas, 1111 obstruction. See Airway obstruction. Colobomatous cysts, in children, 1153-1155 allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. See Allergic Color Doppler imaging, of periorbital vessels. See bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Periorbital vessels. asthma. See Asthma. Colorectal cancer, hepatic metastases from, 452 bronchiectasis. See Bronchiectasis. Computed tomography, after discography, 470 clinician's perspective on, 1-13 before bullectomy, for emphysema, 58 bronchi, 2-6 before discography, 466 diffuse disease, 34 before lung transplantation, for emphysema, 59, 61 localized disease, 2-3 before lung volume reduction surgery, for emphy- diagnostic approach, 6-11 sema, 74-75, 78 differential diagnosis, 1 high-resolution. See High-resolution computed tomogra- larynx and trachea, 2 phy. management, 11-12 of anophthalmic socket. See Anophthalmic socket. nose and mouth, 1 of asthma, 133 pathogenesis, 4-6 of bronchiectasis, in allergic bronchopulmonary asper- complications of, 47-53 gillosis, 136-137 acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, 47 of bronchiolitis obliterans, in children, 185 bullae, 49 of bullae, 45 pneumomediastinum, 49 of chondromalacia patella, 717 pneumonia, 49 of choroidal hemangiomas, 1089, 1092 pneumothorax, 48 of chronic bronchitis, 37 pulmonary arterial hypertension and cor pulmo- of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 11 nale, 49, 51, 53 of Coats’ disease, 1122-1125 cystic fibrosis. See Cystic fibrosis. of cystic fibrosis, 146, 151 definitions of, 29-30 of emphysema, 39-40, 43, 45, 47 emphysema. See Emphysema. of fungal sinusitis, 928 imaging of, 29-55 of head and neck lesions. See Head and neck imaging. chronic bronchitis, 32-34, 37 of hepatic disease, 237-240, 247-261 emphysema, 37-40, 43, 45, 47 angiography-assisted, 252-258 high-resolution CT in, 200 benign lesions. See Benign liver lesions. pathogenesis and pathophysiology of, 30-31 blunt trauma. See Blunt hepatic trauma. bullae, 31 calcification, 397 chronic bronchitis, 30-31 diffuse disease. See Diffuse hepatic disease. CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 1285 helical. See Helical computed tomography. three-dimensional imaging of, 1269, 1274 in children. See Pediatric hepatic disease. Craniofacial synostosis, three-dimensional imaging of, malignant neoplasms. See Malignant hepatic neo- 1265, 1269 plasms. Craniopharyngiomas, intraosseous, of center skull base, metastatic disease, 350, 352-353, 358, 453 809 pyogenic abscesses. See Pyogenic liver abscesses. Cricohyoidoepiglottopexy, for laryngeal carcinoma, 912 recent advances in, 242 Cricohyoidopexy, for laryngeal carcinoma, 912 of histiocytic disorders. See Histiocytic disorders. Cricothyroid dislocation, evaluation of, 917 of infrahyoid neck. See Infrahyoid neck. Croup, in children, 175-176 of jaw lesions. See Jaw lesions. Cryoablation, of hepatic metastatic disease, 454 of larynx and hypopharynx. See Larynx and hypophar- CT arthrography, of acetabular labrum, 695 ynx. of chondromalacia patella, 717 of mucoid impaction, in allergic bronchopulmonary of elbows, 639 aspergillosis, 137 of meniscal tears, 705 of obstructive sleep apnea, 93-94 of osteochondritis dissecans, 711 of oral cavity and pharynx. See Oral cavity and phar- of shoulders. See Shoulders. ynx. CT myelography, of brachial plexopathy, of infrahyoid of orbital cystic lesions. See Orbital cystic lesions. neck, 795 of orbital implants. See Orbital implants. Cyst injection, intraosseous. See Intraosseous cyst of orbital lesions. See Orbital lesions. injection. of orbital subperiosteal lesions. See Orbital subperios- Cystadenocarcinoma, and hepatic calcification, 395 teal lesions. biliary, imaging of, 342-343 of persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, 1127, 1128 Cystadenomas, biliary, imaging of, 324-325 of posterior scleritis, 1096 Cystic airspaces, in cystic fibrosis, 151 of retinoblastomas. See Retinoblastomas. Cystic fibrosis, 143-161 of rhabdomyosarcomas. See Rhabdomyosarcomas. allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in, 137-140 of rhinosinusitis. See Rhinosinusitis. bronchiectasis in, 148-149 of salivary glands. See Salivary glands. CT of, 146, 151 of sinonasal passages. See Sinonasal passages. cystic airspaces in, 151 of sinonasal tumors, 1207 gastrointestinal features of, 157-158 of skull base. See Skull base. genetics and molecular biology of, 144-145 of temporal bone. See Temporal bone. genitourinary features of, 158 preoperative, in hepatic transplantation, 429-432 hemoptysis in, 151 three-dimensional, of congenital orbital disorders, hepatobiliary disease in, 157 1261-1262 high-resolution CT of, 147, 148, 149, 154, 201 to guide sacroiliac joint injections, 505 historical aspects of, 143-144 to stage sinonasal tumors, 1211 lower respiratory tract features of, 145-146 Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations, in MR imaging of, 154 children, 179-180 mucoid impaction in, 151 Congenital cystic eye, clinical features of, 1153 pancreatic insufficiency in, 156-157 Congenital lobar emphysema, in children, 180 plain films of, 146, 148, 149, 151, 154 Congenital orbital disorders, three-dimensional imaging pleural effusions in, 151 of, 1261-1279 scoring systems for, 154 cranial and craniofacial synostosis, 1265, 1269 skeletal features of, 158, 160 craniofacial dysplasia of bony orbit, 1263, 1265 upper respiratory tract features of, 158 craniofacial dysplasia of orbital bony and soft Cystic lung diseases, high-resolution CT of, 206 tissue, 1269, 1274 Cystic myositis, orbital, in children, 1159 craniofacial dysplasia of orbital soft tissues, 1269 Cysticercus cellulosae cysts, orbital, in children, 1160 CT, 1261-1262 Cysts, aneurysmal bone, 864-865 high-contrast tissue segmentation in, 1262 orbital, in children, 1159 historical aspects of, 1261 aspiration of, ultrasonography-guided, 598 low-contrast tissue segmentation in, 1262-1263 branchial cleft, 783, 785 Connective tissue disorders, and chronic obstructive choledochal, and neonatal jaundice, 423-424 pulmonary disease, 6 dentigerous, 857 Connective tissue system, orbital, high-resolution MR dermoid. See Dermoid cysts. imaging of, 1026, 1030 epidermoid. See Epidermoid cysts. Constrictive bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, globulomaxillary, 859 167-169 hematic, 1195-1196 vs. asthma, 134 hepatic, 323-324, 448-449 Contrast enemas, of meconium ileus, in cystic fibrosis, honeycomb, vs. emphysema, 45 156 laryngeal, 915-916 Cor pulmonale, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease nasopalatine duct, 861, 864 and, 49, 51, 53 ophthalmologic, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, 1055 Cornea, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, 1051 oropharyngeal, 971-972 Cranial synostosis, three-dimensional imaging of, 1265, petrous apex, 803, 805 1269 salivary gland, 953-955 Craniofacial disease, with anophthalmic socket. See sinonasal, 926-927 Orbital implants. synovial, arthrography of, 648 Craniofacial dysplasia, of bony orbit, three-dimensional thyroglossal duct, 785, 970 imaging of, 1263, 126F traumatic bone, 864 1286 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 Cytomegalovirus infections, after lung transplantation, of airway, physiologic imaging of, 216-219 for emphysema, 67-68 Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 104 Elbows, arthrography of, 635-649 anatomy in, 635-637 Dacryoceles, in children, 1161 conventional, 637-639 Dallas classification, of intervertebral disc morphology, CT in, 639 481-483 for collateral ligament tears, 644-646 Dental implants, evaluation of, 881-882 for fractures, 643-644 Dentigerous cysts, evaluation of, 857 for loose bodies, 641-643 orbital, in children, 1162 for osteochondritis dissecans, 641 Dermoid cysts, orbital, imaging of, 1196 for synovial and capsular abnormalities, 646-648 three-dimensional, 1269 for synovial cysts, 648 in children, 1150-1152 MR imaging in, 639-641 oropharyngeal, 971 Electron beam computed tomography, of Diffuse hepatic disease, 365-375 tracheomalacia, in children, 177 amyloidosis, 372-373 Electron microscopy, of Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, 368-369 1230 cirrhosis, 365-366 Embolization, hepatic artery, for hepatic metastatic fatty change, 369-370 disease, 456 hepatocellular carcinoma, 370-371 Emphysema, classification of, 3 iron overload, 366-368 congenital lobar, in children, 180 sarcoidosis, 371-372 CT of, 39-40, 43, 45, 47 schistosomiasis, 373 definition of, 29-30 Wilson's disease, 368 difficult diagnosis of, 19 Diffuse panbronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 165, 167 etiology of, 20-21 Diffusing capacity, in chronic obstructive pulmonary high-resolution CT of, 200 disease, 11 natural history of, 20 Disc decompression, lasers in. See Lasers. neutrophils vs. macrophages in, 24-25 Discectomy, percutaneous. See Percutaneous discectomy. pathogenesis and pathophysiology of, 17-18, 24, 31 Discography, 463-495 pathology of, 15-17 cervical, 470-471 plain films of, 37-39 complications of, 483 pulmonary function tests for, 18-19 contrast injection in, 469 smoking and, 21-24 CT before, 466 gaseous puff, 21 disc disease terminology and, 478, 481 particulate puff, 21-24 discogenic pain and, 471-472 structure-function correlation in, 19-20 historical aspects of, 464 surgical management of, 57-89 indications for, 465 bullectomy in, 57-58 instrumentation for, 466 lung transplantation in, 59-72 intervertebral disc anatomy in, 464-465 complications of, 65-72 lumbar, in lateral decubitus position, 467, 469 acute rejection, 67 in prone position, 466-467 airway complications, 68-70 modified Dallas classification and, 481-483 bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneu- morphology of, 476-478 monia, 71 neurovascular supply and, 465 chronic rejection and bronchiolitis obliterans, pain provocation in, 472-476 70-71 patient position for, 466 infections, 67-68 patient preparation for, 465-466 pleural abnormalities, 66-67 plain films and CT after, 469-470 posttransplantation lymphoproliferative dis- premedication for, 466 ease, 71-72 thoracic, 471 reperfusion pulmonary edema, 65 Distal radioulnar joint injections, in wrist arthrography, vascular, 70 663-664 donors in, 61 Distention arthrography, for frozen shoulder syndrome, historical aspects of, 59 589-591 long-term results of, 72 technique for, 589-590 postoperative care for, 63, 65 Doppler imaging, of periorbital vessels. See Periorbital preoperative evaluation for, 59, 61 vessels. recipient selection for, 59 Double aortic arch, and bronchial compression, in technique for, 61-63 children, 182 lung volume reduction surgery in, 72-82 Duplex ultrasonography, preoperative, in hepatic historical aspects of, 72-73 transplantation, 432 patient selection for, 74 Dural invasion, by head and neck lesions, 1011, 1013 postoperative imaging of, 79-82 Dural sinus thrombosis, MR imaging of, 820 preoperative evaluation for, 74-75 selection criteria for, 75-76, 78-79 Encephaloceles, of center skull base, 811 orbital, in children, 1161-1162 Echinococcal liver abscesses, clinical features of, 386-387 Endobronchial lesions, in children, 180-182 Edema, inflammatory, orbital, 1173 Endolymphatic sac tumors, and pulsatile tinnitus, 837 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 1287 Enterogenous cysts, orbital, in children, 1162 Functional endoscopic sinus surgery, technique for, Enucleation, for malignant uveal melanoma, 1086 924-925 Enzymatic activity, in Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis, Fungal cellulitis, rhinosinusitis and, 1178 1230-1231 Fungal infections, after lung transplantation, for Epidermoid cysts, imaging of, 1196 emphysema, 68 of petrous apex, 803 periorbital, 1202-1203 orbital, in children, 1150-1152 Fungal liver abscesses, clinical features of, 384-386 oropharyngeal, 971 Fungal sinusitis, etiology of, 927-929 Epidural steroid injections, 509-515 Fusion defects, of cavernous sinus, 815 anatomy in, 509-510 caudal approach to, 510-512 cervical, 515 complications of, 512-513 Gadobenate dimeglumine, in MR imaging, of hepatic efficacy of, 513-515 disease, 294-295 lumbar approach to, 512 Gadolinium chelates, in MR imaging, of hepatic disease, rationale for, 509 294-296 with selective nerve root blocks, 518-520 Gadoxetate, in MR imaging, of hepatic disease, 295-296 Epithelial cysts, orbital, in children, 1156-1157 Gallbladder injuries, CT of, 406-407 Epithelial implantation cysts, orbital, in children, 1157 Gamma cameras, in nuclear medicine studies, of hepatic Epithelial tumors, hepatic. See Malignant hepatic disease, 316 neoplasms. Garré’s osteomyelitis, of jaws, 869 of salivary glands, 957-961 Gastrointestinal features, of cystic fibrosis, 157-158 Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, and hepatic Genitourinary features, of cystic fibrosis, 158 calcification, 395, 397 Giant cell reparative granulomas, orbital involvement imaging of, 344-345 by, 1249 Erdheim-Chester disease, vs. juvenile xanthogranuloma, Giant cell tumors, orbital involvement by, 1247-1248 1234 Glaucoma, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, 1053 Ethibloc, injection of, for intraosseous cysts, 582-583 Glenohumeral instability, CT arthrography of, 616-618 Extraocular musculature, high-resolution MR imaging MR arthrography of, 627-629 of, 1026 Glenoid labrum instability, CT arthrography of, 618-620 Extrinsic ligaments, of wrist, arthrography of, 652 Gliosis, retinal, simulating retinoblastomas, 1111 Globe, orbital, high-resolution MR imaging of, 1023 Globulomaxillary cysts, evaluation of, 859 Glomus jugulare tumors, and pulsatile tinnitus, 837 Facet joint injections, 497-508 Glomus tympanicum tumors, and pulsatile tinnitus, 835 anatomy and pathophysiology of, 497-498 Glottic carcinoma, of larynx and hypopharynx, 895-897 betamethasone in, 500, 502 Glucose intolerance, in cystic fibrosis, 157-158 bupivacaine hydrochloride in, 502-503 Goldenberg prosthesis, for hearing deficit, 849-850 indications for, 498 Gradenigo’s syndrome, of petrous apex, 806 technique for, 498-500 Granulation tissue, in intervertebral disc, and Facial nerve, anatomy of, 838-844 discogenic pain, 471 Fascial space, in suprahyoid neck, 762 Granulomas, central giant cell, 865 FDG-PET imaging, of larynx and hypopharynx, 893 cholesterol, 822 Ferumoxides, in MR imaging, of hepatic disease, orbital subperiosteal, 1196-1197 288-291 Granulomatous-type diseases, of salivary glands, 953 Fibrolamellar carcinoma, and hepatic calcification, 393, 395 imaging of, 339-340, 451 in children, 416 Hamartomas, mesenchymal, in children, 416-417 Fibromas, sternocleidomastoid, in neonates, 795 of retinal pigment epithelium and retina, simulating Fibro-osseous lesions, of jaws, 869, 872 retinoblastomas, 1110 sinonasal, 1209 Head and neck imaging, of dental implants, 881-882 Fibrous dysplasia, of center skull base, 809 of infrahyoid neck. See Infrahyoid neck. orbital involvement by, 1245-1247 of jaw lesions. See Jaw lesions. Fistulas, arteriovenous, and pulsatile tinnitus, 837-838 of larynx and hypopharynx. See Larynx and hypophar- hepatic transplantation and, 436 ynx. perilymphatic, postoperative, 847 of oral cavity and pharynx. See Oral cavity and phar- Flaps, in head and neck reconstruction, 795 ynx. Fluorodeoxyglucose, in nuclear medicine studies, of of salivary glands. See Salivary glands. hepatic disease, 243, 312 of sinonasal passages. See Sinonasal passages. Focal nodular hyperplasia, imaging of, 319-321, 4 of skull base. See Skull base. Follicular cysts, evaluation of, 857 of suprahyoid neck. See Suprahyoid neck. Foreign body retrieval, ultrasonography-guided, of temporal bone. See Temporal bone. 602-603 of temporomandibular joint, 882, 885, 888-889 Fractures, laryngeal, 917 radiologic-pathologic correlations in, 983-1014 osteochondral, arthrography of, 643-644 CT, 983, 985, 991 MR arthrography of, 733 high density lesions, 985, 991 Frozen shoulder syndrome, percutaneous management intermediate density lesions, 985 of, 589-591 low-intermediate density lesions, 983, 985 technique for, 589-590 very low density lesions, 983 1288 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 Head and neck imaging (Continued) anatomy in, 445-446 extent of lesions, 1002-1003, 1011-1013 benign lesions. See Benign liver lesions. bone and cartilage invasion, 1002 blunt trauma. See Blunt hepatic trauma. cytology in, 1013 calcification. See Hepatic calcification. dural invasion, 1011, 1013 CT in. See Computed tomography. perineural invasion, 1011 cysts, 323-324, 448-449 pre-epiglottic fat and prevertebral muscle inva- diffuse disease. See Diffuse hepatic disease. sion, 1003, 1011 fibrolamellar carcinoma, 339-340, 451 vascular invasion, 1011 focal nodular hyperplasia, 319-321, 450 MR imaging, 991-992, 1001 for clinical evaluation, 447-448 hyperintensity on Tl-weighted scans, 991-992 for regeneration, 446-447 hyperintensity on T2-weighted scans, 992 hemangiomas, 325-327, 449 hypointensity on Tl-weighted scans, 992 hepatic transplantation. See Hepatic transplantation. hypointensity on T2-weighted scans, 992, 1001 hepatocellular adenomas, 321-322, 449-450 intermediate intensity on T2-weighted scans, 992 hepatocellular carcinoma, 333-334, 337-339, 451 isointensity on Tl-weighted scans, 992 impact of, on management, 238-241 Hearing deficit, sensorineural, evaluation of, 824-827 in children. See Pediatric hepatic disease. Helical computed tomography, of hepatic disease, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 340-342, 451 247-251 malignant neoplasms. See Malignant hepatic applications of, 250-251 neoplasms. contrast-enhanced, 248, 250 metastatic disease. See Metastatic disease. hemangioma protocol for, 260 MR imaging in. See Magnetic resonance imaging. liver survey protocol for, 260-261 nuclear medicine studies in. See Nuclear medicine metastatic disease, 352-353 studies. recent advances in, 242 pyogenic liver abscesses. See Pyogenic liver abscesses. triple-phase protocol for, 260 recent advances in, 241-243 vs. conventional CT, 247-248 strategies for, 452-453 preoperative, in hepatic transplantation, 429-432 ultrasonography in. See Ultrasonography. Hemangioendotheliomas, and hepatic calcification, 393 management options for, 453-456 epithelioid, imaging of, 344-345 Hepatic transplantation, 429-443 in children, 416 anatomy in, 433 Hemangiomas, and hepatic calcification, 392-393 biliary anastomosis in, 435 choroidal. See Choroidal hemangiomas. hepatic artery anastomosis in, 433 hepatic, imaging of, 325-327, 449 inferior vena cava anastomosis in, 435 of facial nerve, 843 portal vein anastomosis in, 433 of infrahyoid neck, 786 postoperative imaging of, 435-442 of larynx and hypopharynx, 909 for hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms and arteriove- of salivary glands, 961 nous fistulas, 436 oropharyngeal, 970 for hepatic artery stenosis or thrombosis, 435-436 tracheal, in children, 176-177 for inferior vena cava stenosis or thrombosis, 439 Hematic cysts, imaging of, 1195-1196 for malignancies, 439, 442 in children, 1158-1159 for portal vein stenosis or thrombosis, 436, 439 Hematomas, aspiration of, ultrasonography-guided, for rejection, 442 599-600 for vascular complications, 435 hepatic, CT of, 402-403 ultrasonography in, 435 orbital subperiosteal, 1193-1196 preoperative imaging of, 429 Hemidiaphragm paralysis, after lung volume reduction double helical CT and three-dimensional CT arteri- surgery, for emphysema, 82 ography in, 429-432 Hemifacial spasms, evaluation of, 842 MR imaging in, 432-433 Hemilaryngectomy, for laryngeal carcinoma, 911-912 ultrasonography in, 302-304, 432 Hemobilia, blunt hepatic trauma and, CT of, 409 segmental, in children, 424-425 Hemochromatosis, diffuse hepatic disease due to, ultrasonography after, 304-305 367-368 Hepatobiliary agents, in MR imaging, of hepatic Hemoptysis, in cystic fibrosis, 151 disease, 293-296 Hemorrhage, choroidal, clinical features of, 1093 Hepatobiliary disease, in cystic fibrosis, 157 hepatic, CT of, 404-405, 408 Hepatoblastomas, and hepatic calcification, 395 Hepatic arterial vessels, small-caliber, and hepatic in children, 414 transplantation, 431 Hepatocellular adenomas, and hepatic calcification, 393 Hepatic artery, replacement of, in hepatic imaging of, 321-322, 449-450 transplantation, 431-432 in children, 417 Hepatic artery complications, of hepatic transplantation, Hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatic calcification, 393 435-436 diffuse hepatic disease due to, 370-371 Hepatic artery embolization, for hepatic metastatic imaging of, 333-334, 337-339, 451 disease, 456 in children, 414-415 Hepatic calcification, 391-398 Herpes zoster oticus, and facial nerve palsy, 844 benign liver lesions and, 392-393 High-resolution computed tomography, 189-209 inflammatory lesions and, 391-392 abnormal findings on, 195-198 malignant hepatic neoplasms and, 393, 395, 397 air-trapping score, 196 metastatic disease and, 397 lung attenuation, 195-196 Hepatic disease, imaging of, 237-245, 445-457 lung volume changes, 197-198 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 1289 pixel index, 196-197 Hodgkin's disease, sinonasal, 936-937 normal findings on, 193-195 Honeycomb cysts, vs. emphysema, 45 airway changes, 194-195 Hydatid cysts, orbital, in children, 1160 lung attenuation, 193-194 Hydatid disease, and hepatic calcification, 392 of asthma, 202-203 clinical features of, 386 of bronchiectasis. See Bronchiectasis. Hyperproteinaceous secretions, of head and neck, MR of bronchiolitis obliterans, after lung transplantation, imaging of, 991 for emphysema, 71 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, high-resolution CT of, of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 11, 211-213 203-205 of constrictive bronchiolitis, 201 Hypertelorism, three-dimensional imaging of, 1263 of cystic fibrosis, 147, 148, 149, 154, 201 Hypertension, pulmonary arterial, chronic obstructive of cystic lung diseases, 206 pulmonary disease and, 49, 51, 53 of emphysema, 19, 39-40, 43, 45, 47, 200 Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, in cystic of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, 203-205 fibrosis, 158, 160 of inhomogeneous lung opacity, 206-207 Hypervascular lesions, of head and neck, 1001 of large airway obstruction, 198-200 Hypopharynx. See Larynx and hypopharynx. of sarcoidosis, 205-206 of small airway diseases. See Bronchiolitis. of Swyer-James syndrome, 201 techniques for, 189-193 lliopsoas bursography, technique for, 688-689 dynamic scans, 189-192 Immunohistochemistry, of juvenile xanthogranuloma, postexpiratory scans, 192 1235 spirometricaily triggered scans, 192-193 of Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis, 1230 Hips, arthrography of, 673-690 Implants, orbital. See Orbital implants. after arthroplasty, 680 Incisive canal cysts, evaluation of, 861, 864 cemented prosthesis loosening in, 680-686 Incontinentia pigmenti, simulating retinoblastomas, 1110 Indium octreotide, in nuclear medicine studies, of uncemented prosthesis loosening in, 686 hepatic disease, 310-311 anatomy in, 677-678 Inert gas dilution, in chronic obstructive pulmonary anesthetic, 687-688 disease, 9 complications of, 675 Infections, after lung transplantation, for emphysema, for bursitis, 688 for developmental dysplasia, 675-677 67-68 airway, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 4 for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, 677 blunt hepatic trauma and, CT of, 407-408 in adults, 678-679 odontogenic, 971 in children, 675 of larynx and hypopharynx, 916 MR imaging in, 691-702 of petrous apex, 806 anatomy in, 691 of salivary glands, 962 clinical findings of, 693, 696-697 of sphenoid sinus, 810-811 for labral lesion classification, 696 orbital subperiosteal, 1197-1197 for tears of acetabular labrum, 691, 693-696 periorbital, 1202 position of, 693 Inferior vena cava complications, of hepatic technique for, 696 transplantation, 439 vs. arthroscopy, 697-698 Infertility, in cystic fibrosis, 158 anatomic approaches to, 698-699 Infiltrative lung disease, vs. asthma, 134 complications of, 701 Inflammatory diseases, and facial paralysis, 844 contraindications to, 700-701 of infrahyoid neck, 786-787 for loose bodies, 699 of larynx and hypopharynx, 916 for tears of acetabular labrum, 699-700 of middle ear, management of, 849 rehabilitation after, 701 of sphenoid sinus, 815 technique for, 674-675 oropharyngeal, 971-972 iliopsoas bursography of, 688-689 Infrahyoid neck, 781-799 prosthetic, aspiration of, 686-687 brachial plexopathy in, 782, 795 Histiocytic disorders, 1229-1240 congenital diseases of, 783, 785-786 juvenile xanthogranuloma, 1232-1238 branchial apparatus, 783, 785 clinical features of, 1233 lymphangiomas and hemangiomas, 785-786 diagnosis of, 1235-1236 thyroglossal duct cysts, 785 histopathologic features of, 1233-1235 flaps and post-therapeutic changes in, 795 immunohistochemistry of, 1235 imaging strategies in, 795, 798 management of, 1236, 1238 imaging techniques in, 781-782 simulating retinoblastomas, 1110 inflammatory diseases of, 786-787 orbital Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis, 1229-1232 normal anatomy in, 782 clinical features of, 1229-1230 pseudomasses in, 791, 794-795 diagnosis of, 1231 tumors of, 787-791 histopathologic features of, 1230-1231 carotid body, 787-789 historical aspects of, 1229 lipomas, 791 imaging of, 1231-1232 neural sheath, 789-791 management of, 1232 sarcomas, 791 ocular features of, 1230 vascular abnormalities in, 791 prognosis for, 1232 Internal auditory canal, lesions of, and facial nerve HIV infection, pyogenic liver abscesses with, 385 palsy, 842 1290 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 Interosseous ligaments, of wrist, arthrography of, 652, aneurysmal bone cysts, 864-865 654 central giant cell granulomas, 865 Interstitial photocoagulation, lasers in. See Lasers. nasopalatine duct cysts, 861, 864 Interventional musculoskeletal imaging, in biopsies. See traumatic bone cysts, 864 Musculoskeletal biopsies. odontogenic, 856-857, 859, 861 in discography. See Discography. ameloblastomas, 859, 861 in epidural steroid injections. See Epidural steroid injec- dentigerous cysts, 857 tions. globulomaxillary cysts, 859 in facet joint injections. See Facet joint injections. keratocysts, 857, 859 in intraosseous cyst injections. See Intraosseous cyst periapical, 857 injection. radiolucent, 865-867 in percutaneous discectomy. See Percutaneous discec- acute osteomyelitis, 866-867 tomy. radiopaque, 876, 879, 881 in percutaneous vertebroplasty. See Percutaneous verte- cementoblastomas, 876 broplasty. chondromas and osteochondromas, 879 in sacroiliac joint injections, 504-505 odontomas, 876 in selective nerve root blocks. See Selective nerve root osteomas, 876, 879 blocks. tori, 879, 881 lasers in. See Lasers. with mixed or variable appearance, 867-869, 872-874, of ankles. See Ankles. 876 of elbows. See Elbows. cemento-osseous dysplasia, 872-873 of hips. See Hips. chronic osteomyelitis, 868-869 of knees. See Knees. direct neoplastic extension, 873 of osteoid osteomas, for percutaneous removal. See fibro-osseous lesions, 869, 872 Osteoid osteomas. metastatic lesions, 873-874 of painful shoulders. See Painful shoulders. ossifying fibromas, 872 of shoulders. See Shoulders. osteogenic sarcomas, 874, 876 of wrists. See Wrists. Jugular vein, asymmetric, 794 ultrasonography in, 597-604 Juvenile angiofibromas, oropharyngeal, 973 aspiration of cysts, abscesses, and hematomas, 598- sinonasal, 1209 600 Juvenile xanthogranuloma. See Histiocytic disorders. biopsy of soft tissue masses, 601 bone lesions, 602 calcified tendinitis, 601-602 for arthrocentesis, 600-601 Keratocysts, odontogenic, 857, 859 foreign body retrieval, 602-603 Knees, arthrography of, 703-728 technique for, 597-598 for cartilage defects, 710-718 tendon sheath and bursae, 601 chondromalacia patella, 715-718 Intervertebral disc, anatomy of, and discography, focal articular, 712, 714-715 464465 osteochondritis dissecans, 711-712 Intra-articular loose bodies, arthrography of, 641-643, for meniscal tears, 704-710 699 conventional, 704 MR arthrography of, 733-734 CT in, 705 Intracranial complications, of sinusitis, 930 MR imaging in, 705-707, 710 Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatic postoperative, 707-708 calcification, 395 repair of, 708-709 imaging of, 340-342, 451 for synovial disorders, 718, 720-725 Intraosseous craniopharyngiomas, of center skull base, pigmented villonodular synovitis, 723-724 809 rheumatoid arthritis, 720-721, 723 Intraosseous cyst injection, 581-587 synovial chondromatosis, 724 direct Ethibloc injection in, 582-583 synovial plica, 724-725 for aneurysmal bone cysts, 582 for unicameral bone cysts, 581-582 indications for, 584 technique for, 583-584 Labyrinthitis, and hearing deficit, 825-826 Intrinsic ligaments, of wrist, arthrography of, 664-667 postoperative, 847 lodized oil computed tomography, of hepatic disease, Lacrimal duct cysts, in children, 1157-1158 255, 257-258 Lacrimal system, high-resolution MR imaging of, Iris, ultrasound biomicroscopy of, 1052 1037-1038 for melanoma, 1054-1055 Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis. See Histiocytic disorders. for nevi, 1054 Laparoscopic lumbar discectomy, technique for, 529-531 Iron overload, diffuse hepatic disease due to, 366-367 Laryngeal papillomas, in children, 177 Iron oxide contrast agents, in MR imaging, of hepatic Laryngectomy, for laryngeal carcinoma, 910-913 disease, 287-293 Laryngoceles, evaluation of, 915-916 Larynx and hypopharynx, 891-920 anatomy of, 893-894 carcinoma of, 979 Jaundice, neonatal, 422-424 cysts and laryngoceles in, 915-916 Jaw lesions, 855-881 imaging techniques for, 891-893 nonodontogenic, 861, 864-865 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2