RACE AND PER FOR MANCE A FTER REPETITION This page intentionally left blank SOYICA DIGGS COLBERT, DOUGLAS A. JONES JR., AND SHANE VOGEL, EDITORS RACE AND PER FOR MANCE AFTER REPETITION DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS DURHAM AND LONDON 2020 © 2020 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of Amer i ca on acid- free paper ∞ Designed by Matthew Tauch Typeset in Minion Pro and Bell Gothic Std by Westchester Publishing Services Pvt. Ltd. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Colbert, Soyica Diggs, [date] editor. | Jones, Douglas A., editor. | Vogel, Shane, editor. Title: Race and performance after repetition / edited by Soyica Diggs Colbert, Douglas A. Jones Jr., and Shane Vogel. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2020. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: lccn 2019055647 (print) | lccn 2019055648 (ebook) isbn 9781478007807 (hardcover) isbn 9781478008293 (paperback) isbn 9781478009313 (ebook) Subjects: lcsh: Performing arts—Social aspects—United States. | Time—Social aspects—United States. | Performing arts—Political aspects—United States. | Racism and the arts—United States. | Racism in popular culture—United States. | Arts and society— United States. | Theater and society—United States. | Politics and culture—United States. Classification: lcc pn1590.s6 r34 2020 (print) | lcc pn1590.s6 (ebook) | ddc 791—dc23 lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019055647 lc ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019055648 Cover art: Theaster Gates, Ground Rules (Free throw possibility), 2014. Wood flooring. 254.3 × 374.1 × 6.5 cm. © Theaster Gates. Photo © White Cube (Ben Westoby). CONTENTS Acknowl edgments / vii Introduction: Tidying Up after Repetition · s oyica diggs colbert, douglas a. jones jr., and shane vogel / 1 PART I 1 So Far Down You Can’t See the Light: Afro- TOGGLING TIME: Fabulation in Branden Jacobs- Jenkins’s An METATHEATERS Octoroon · t avia nyong’o / 29 OF RACE 2 The Per for mance and Politics of Concurrent Temporalities in George C. Wolfe’s Shuffle Along · catherine m. young / 46 3 A Sonic Treatise of Futurity: Universes’ Party People · patricia herrera / 71 PART II 4 Joe Louis’s Utopic Glitch · tina post / 103 CHOREO- CHRONOGRAPHIES 5 Sorrow’s Swing · jasmine johnson / 127 6 Parabolic Moves: Time, Narrative, and Difference in New Circus · k atherine zien / 142 7 Choreographing Time Travel: Rethinking Ritual through Korean Diasporic Per for mance · e lizabeth w. son / 173 PART III 8 Carceral Space-T imes and The House That TEMPORAL Herman Built · n icholas fesette / 199 (IM)MOBILITIES: DWELLING OUT 9 Per for mance Interventions: Natality and OF TIME Carceral Feminism in Con temporary India · j isha menon / 220 10 Witnessing Queer Flights: Josué Azor’s Lougawou Images and Antihomosexual Unrest in Haiti · m ario lamothe / 242 11 The Body Is Never Given, nor Do We Actually See It · j oshua chambers- letson / 270 Bibliography / 293 Contributors / 317 Index / 321 ACKNOWLE DGMENTS Race and Per for mance after Repetition results in part from an initiative undertaken by the American Society for Theater Re- search (astr) to support, promote, and feature the production of research by and about p eople of color at astr. The initiative, named for the late per for- mance theorist José Esteban Muñoz, offered a three-y ear funding structure and infrastructural sponsorship at astr’s annual conference for Working Groups dedicated to the proj ect of minoritarian knowledge production. These Working Groups were an endeavor to provide space for such research within the association and redress the organ ization’s structured deficiencies of such knowledge production in the past. This institutional failure to nurture mi- noritarian knowledge production is not a surprise, nor is it unique to astr. As Muñoz explained, “The production of minoritarian knowledge is a proj ect set up to fail” within majoritarian institutions.1 He continued, “Mechanisms ensure that the production of [minoritarian] knowledge ‘misfires’ insofar as it is misheard, misunderstood, and devalued. Politics are only pos si ble when we acknowledge that dynamic. This par tic u lar understanding of minoritar- ian knowledge should enable us to perform despite and perhaps beyond these epistemological limits. The need to produce minoritarian knowledge is a mode of utopian performativity, a certain striving that is both ideality and a necessity.”2 Muñoz’s work contested and continues to contest this presumptive failure—to insist, as he put it elsewhere, on “hope in the face of heartbreak.”3 This volume, too, risks performative misfire when it proposes that we think of race and time after repetition, even as it seeks to interrupt the repetitions that would devalue minoritarian knowledge production or consign it to the margins. Given the vari ous temporal experiences that inform the thought and lived experience of both per for mance and race— repetitions, doublings, dura- tions, intervals, afterlives, rehearsals, revivals, the ephemeral, the residual, and the emergent—t his collection explores how theater/per for mance studies ac- counts or fails to account for the complex relationship between race and time. Among the questions we ask are: How might specific instances of theater/ per for mance open up new temporal dimensions in the study of minoritarian history and experience? What are the temporal logics of identity- based fields of knowledge? How does accounting for all per for mance as racialized recon- figure the positions of performer and audience? What are the politics of tem- porality that shape race, ethnicity, sexuality, and gender, especially as they are performed at their intersection? Race and Per for mance after Repetition’s focus on temporality offers a return to central ideas and theorists in per for mance studies with the possibility of new ways of knowing, being, and participat- ing in (and beyond) US culture, including colleges, universities, professional organi zations, and other institutions of research and knowledge production. Muñoz’s work provides a necessary point of departure to examine how race and per for mance allow the emergence of per for mance theory anew. When we convened the inaugural José Esteban Muñoz Targeted Research Working Session at astr in 2016, we did not imagine that the work would result in an edited collection. After receiving several compelling applications to participate in our session, however, we quickly realized how the collective work spoke to the field of per for mance studies. Although all of the partici- pants in the Working Group did not contribute to the volume, we are grate- ful to have had the experience to engage with original scholarship during astr meetings for the three years between 2016 and 2018, as well as at an interim symposium at Indiana University. We are indebted to the workshop and conference participants for their thoughtful questions, suggestions, and rich and inspiring work, including the impor tant voices of Christine Mok, Rosa Schneider, C. Riley Snorton, and Alexandra Vazquez. Special acknowl- edgment goes to Daphne Lei, president of astr during this time and a vital member of our Working Group, for her institutional support and intellectual contributions to this proj ect. We have benefited from the support and assistance of many p eople and institutions. The Institute for Advanced Study and the College of Arts and Humanities Institute at Indiana University provided generous grants that al- lowed our Working Group to meet in Bloomington in the summer of 2017, where the contributors to the volume w ere able to share and deepen their work with each other. Many thanks to Department of En glish administrators Kate Elliott and Lisa LaPlante for their support in facilitating that sympo- sium. Thank you also to Christopher Celenza, Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at Georgetown University, and to the Georgetown University Idol F amily Professorship endowment fund and the Georgetown University Healey Family Endowed Fund for Academic Excellence for their financial viii Acknowle dgments support, which enabled research assistance and obtaining image permissions. Courtney Berger at Duke University Press supported this proj ect from its in- ception and provided exacting feedback, as did two anonymous readers for the press. We are grateful for her careful stewardship of the volume through each stage of its development. The generosity of colleagues extends well be- yond institutional affiliations, and we are grateful to many friends who have read, discussed, and offered feedback on this proj ect. We also want to thank Amadi Ozier, Taurjahi Purdie, and Skylar Luke for preparing the volume for each round of review and for publication. This book joins a growing set of texts that honor José Esteban Muñoz’s legacy. This work could not emerge at a more pressing time, but, as Muñoz’s work teaches us, these times of po liti cal and institutional turmoil are repeat- ing, recurring, and regular. So too must be our ongoing work. NOTES 1 Muñoz, “Teaching, Minoritarian Knowledge, and Love,” 120. 2 Muñoz, “Teaching, Minoritarian Knowledge, and Love,” 120. 3 Muñoz, Cruising Utopia, 207–13. Acknowle dgments ix This page intentionally left blank