A G L O R I O U S I L L U S T R A T E D H I S T O R Y QUEEN ELIZABETH II and the ROYAL FAMILY QUEEN ELIZABETH II and the ROYAL FAMILY CONTENTS DK UK Senior Art Editor Senior Editor Sharon Spencer Rob Houston Design assistance Editors Alex Lloyd Constance Novis, Helen Fewster Jacket Design US Editor Development Manager Margaret Parrish Sophia MTT Managing Editor Managing Art Editor Angeles Gavira Guerrero Michael Duffy Producer, Pre-production Art Director Francesca Wardell Karen Self Producer Publisher Mary Slater Liz Wheeler Publishing Director THE BRITISH MONARCHY Britain’s Civil Wars 40 Jonathan Metcalf Wars between royalists and parliamentarians 400–1911 8 lead to the only period of republican rule in DK DELHI Britain’s history. Art Editors Senior Editors Introduction and Timeline 10 Shreya Anand, Upasana Sharma Sreshtha Bhattacharya, ■ THE RESTORATION 42 Anita Kakar The First English Kings 12 Jacket Designer ■ WINDSOR CASTLE 44 From Alfred the Great onward, these early Suhita Dharamjit Editors Vibha Malhotra, monarchs fashion Anglo-Saxon and Norse The Hanoverians 48 DTP Designers Priyaneet Singh kingdoms into a realm called England. The desire for a Protestant monarch leads Jaypal Chauhan, Nand Kishore Acharya the people to invite a royal relation from Managing Jackets Editor ■ THE BAYEUX TAPESTRY 14 Picture Researcher Germany to rule Britain. Saloni Singh Sakshi Saluja The Normans 16 ■ QUEEN VICTORIA 50 Production Manager Pre-production Manager Thanks to William the Conqueror’s victory at Balwant Singh Pankaj Sharma Hastings, England gains a new foreign ruling Victoria becomes Queen 54 Managing Editor class from Normandy. A young Victoria accedes to the throne Managing Art Editor Rohan Sinha on the death of her uncle, William IV. Sudakshina Basu The Plantagenets 20 The longest-ruling royal house, the ■ OSBORNE 56 First American Edition, 2015 Published in the United States by DK Publishing Plantagenets endure everything from the ■ THE GREAT EXHIBITION 58 345 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014 Black Death to the Hundred Years’ War. Victoria after Albert 60 ■ THE PEASANTS’ REVOLT 22 Copyright © 2015 Dorling Kindersley Limited Queen Victoria mourns the loss of her A Penguin Random House Company Lancaster and York 24 beloved husband and trusted adviser, 15 16 17 18 19 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Two warring families within the Plantagenets Prince Albert. 001–280581–September/2015 embark on a long period of civil strife as they ■ EMPRESS OF INDIA 62 All rights reserved. fight bitterly for the throne of England. From Empire Without limiting the rights under the copyright reserved above, no part ■ THE WARS OF THE ROSES 26 of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a to Commonwealth 64 retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, The Tudors 28 The dominions of Britain’s vast empire mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior The first modern royal dynasty, the Tudors gradually gain some self-determination. written permission of the copyright owner. try to assume control of the Church and Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited. Victoria’s Jubilees 66 send the kingdom hurtling between The public rediscovers its love of the Queen A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Protestantism and Catholicism. as the people help her celebrate first 50, ISBN 978-1-4654-3800-3 ■ ELIZABETH I 32 then 60 years on the throne. DK books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk for Monarchs of Scotland 34 ■ THE CROWN JEWELS 68 sales promotions, premiums, fund-raising, or educational use. For details, A series of dynamic and ambitious contact: DK Publishing Special Markets, 345 Hudson Street, New York, monarchs forges Scotland into a nation. ■ END OF AN ERA 70 SpNeceiwal SYaolerks @1d0k0.1c4om ■ HOLYROODHOUSE 36 ■ EDWARD VII 72 The Stuarts 38 Printed in China Under the Stuarts, the role of the sovereign A WORLD OF IDEAS: changes from that of God-appointed SEE ALL THERE IS TO KNOW ruler to constitutional monarch. www.dk.com THE HOUSE OF WINDSOR The Royal Family ELIZABETH II The Coronation 140 1911–1947 74 in World War II 102 1947–1960 116 A global audience tunes in to an event Following his father’s example in World that combines tradition, reverent Introduction and Timeline 76 War I, George VI takes on the task of Introduction and Timeline 118 solemnity, and genuine joy. ■ GEORGE V 78 boosting the nation’s morale. The Wedding of ■ THE CORONATION CEREMONY 142 The Royals in Wartime 80 Elizabeth’s Teenage Years 106 Elizabeth and Philip 120 ■ CORONATION DRESS 144 The Royal Family finds itself the focus for War breaks out when Princess Elizabeth Amid the gray austerity of postwar Britain, ■ SANDRINGHAM 146 national unity and patriotism during the is 13 years old. In a foreshadowing of her the wedding of Princess Elizabeth to Philip deadliest conflict in the country’s history. future role, she addresses the country’s Mountbatten offers a flash of color. The Queen as ■ BUCKINGHAM PALACE 84 children on the radio. ■ CLARENCE HOUSE 122 Head of the Church 150 ■ FAMILY PETS 108 ■ THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH 124 The Queen takes on her role as head of the ■ THE FIRST KING’S SPEECH 88 Anglican Church worldwide and commits ■ QUEEN ELIZABETH, THE ■ EDWARD VIII 90 QUEEN MOTHER 110 TWhiteh inB iar tyheasr ooff tChehira mrlaersri aagne,d P rAinncenses 126 to ensure freedom to worship for all. Travel and State Visits 152 Edward VIII’s Abdication 92 ■ THE FIRST TOUR IN AFRICA 112 Elizabeth and Prince Philip celebrate the Elizabeth II embarks on a grueling tour of The burden of the monarchy sits heavily on arrival of their first son. Elizabeth and Philip 114 Commonwealth countries within a year of the shoulders of the new king, and he gives The young princess meets an exuberant and ■ ELIZABETH II, THE EARLY YEARS 130 her coronation. During her entire reign, she up the throne to marry the woman he loves. outspoken exiled Greek prince. The Royal Elizabeth becomes Queen 132 maintains a busy regime of overseas visits. The Unexpected King 94 Family warms to him and Elizabeth and The unexpected death of her father propels Margaret’s Doomed Romance 154 Although unprepared to be king, George VI Philip are engaged to be married. Elizabeth to the throne at the age of 25. Princess Margaret is forced to choose discharges his duties unflinchingly at the most difficult of times, as Britain is again The Queen in between her life in the Royal Family and her love for a divorcee, Peter Townsend. drawn into world war. Parliament and Politics 134 ■ GEORGE VI 96 The Queen opens Parliament for the first ■ THE FIRST TELEVISED time and takes on her role in politics. CHRISTMAS MESSAGE 156 Elizabeth and Margaret’s Childhood 98 ■ CARRIAGES AND COACHES 136 As Princess Elizabeth is born to the Duke and Duchess of York, she is third in line to the throne. When her father is crowned King George VI, she is 11 years old. QUEEN AND MOTHER ■ PRINCESS ANNE’S EQUESTRIAN QUEEN AND The Queen’s 60th birthday 224 1960–1980 158 CAREER 186 GRANDMOTHER Queen Elizabeth II marks another milestone greeting the crowds and collecting daffodils Introduction and Timeline 160 ■ PRINCESS MARGARET 188 1980–2000 196 on a rainy day at Buckingham Palace. The Childhood of the Princes ■ ST. JAMES’S PALACE 190 Introduction and Timeline 198 ■ DIANA’S DRESSES 228 and Princess 162 The Assassination of Lord The Marriage of Charles Charles and Diana Divorce 230 The education and early years of Queen Mountbatten 192 and Diana 200 A royal soap opera unfolds when the Elizabeth’s four children, and how their The Irish Republican Army strikes at the The world is invited to the fairy-tale Prince and Princess of Wales become schooling shaped their personalities. heart of the British establishment with royal wedding at St. Paul’s Cathedral in publically estranged. the murder of the Queen’s cousin. London through the magic of television. ■ THE PRINCE OF WALES 166 The Annus Horribilis 234 ■ THE LAUNCH OF THE QE2 168 The Decolonization of Africa ■ VISITING THE VATICAN 202 A devastating fire at Windsor Castle and the Caribbean 194 ■ COMMEMORATIVE STAMPS 204 caps a turbulent year for the monarchy Charles is Invested as the Dismantling the British Empire creates but ushers in an era of financial change. Prince of Wales 170 new international bonds when the ■ DIANA, PRINCESS OF WALES 206 ■ BUCKINGHAM PALACE OPENS An ancient ceremony is updated for the Commonwealth of Nations is formed. The Caring Princess 208 TO THE PUBLIC 236 television age, as Prince Charles pledges Diana’s easy nature and empathy wins his loyalty to the Queen as Prince of Wales. hearts and raises cash for charities, as Wartime Anniversaries 238 ■ ROYAL FAMILY 172 the role of Royal Patron evolves. World leaders and royalty gather to commemorate acts of valor from ■ THE PRINCESS ROYAL 174 ■ KENSINGTON PALACE 212 past conflicts. ■ THE ROYAL TOUR 176 ■ PRINCE ANDREW IN THE ■ DIANA: A STAR IS BORN 240 FALKLANDS 216 The Prince’s Trust 180 The Death of Diana 242 How a radio interview inspired Prince ■ THE DUKE OF YORK 218 Tragedy strikes, and the nation reacts Charles to found his personal charity, The Marriage of Andrew with an unparalleled outpouring of grief. and help thousands of young people. and Sarah 222 ■ FAREWELL TO DIANA 244 The Silver Jubilee 182 The nation celebrates the wedding of ■ BALMORAL CASTLE 246 National and international celebrations a popular modern couple and relations mark Queen Elizabeth II’s 25 years on with the media undergo dramatic change. ■ THE EARL OF WESSEX 250 the throne. TODAY’S ROYAL FAMILY The Diamond Jubilee 282 CONSULTANT Spectacular shows mark the 60th year 2000–PRESENT 252 Joe Little has been managing editor of Majesty magazine for 16 years. He has of the Queen’s reign, and the younger Introduction and Timeline 254 royals take the celebrations overseas. traveled extensively reporting on royal tours since his first overseas assignment covering Queen Elizabeth II’s historic state visit to Russia in 1994. He was also in The Duchy of Cornwall 256 ■ OPENING THE OLYMPICS 284 Ireland in 2011 to witness the warmth of the welcome for the Queen and Prince How Prince Charles funds public, private, ■ PRINCE HARRY 288 Philip. On many of the big royal occasions Joe assists the BBC in an advisory and charitable activities through successful management of the Duchy estate. Harry in the Army 290 capacity; among the projects he has been involved with were the wedding of the Prince Harry’s decade of military service Prince of Wales to Camilla Parker Bowles in 2005, the Queen’s 80th birthday Two Royal Farewells 258 to Queen and country, placing his life on celebrations in the following year, Prince William and Catherine Middleton’s The Royal Family mourns the deaths the frontline in Afghanistan. nuptials and, most recently, Trooping the Color. of the Queen Mother and Princess Margaret. ■ THE BIRTH OF GEORGE 292 The Golden Jubilee 260 William, Catherine, and AUTHORS A national and international party starts to celebrate Queen Elizabeth’s 50th year Harry Abroad 294 Susan Kennedy formerly worked in publishing as an editor of encyclopedias and historical on the throne. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge atlases. She has contributed to more than 15 books for adults and younger readers, and has a particular interest in history and modern culture. become ambassadors for Britain, and ■ BACK TO SCHOOL 262 Prince George captivates the media. Stewart Ross is a teacher, lecturer, and prize-winning author of historical books for adults and The Marriage of Charles The Queen’s Grandchildren 296 students. His books on British kings and queens include The British Monarchy From Henry VIII, and Camilla 264 Monarchs of Scotland, and The Stewart Dynasty. Queen Elizabeth’s relationship with A campaign to win over public her children’s children and her pride R. G. Grant is a history writer who has published more than 30 books, many of them dealing with support for Camilla comes to in their achievements. aspects of military conflict. He has written on the American Revolution, World War I, World War II, fruition with her marriage to Charles in 2005. ■ ELIZABETH II, THE LATER YEARS 298 and the Vietnam War. He is author of DK’s Battle, Flight, Battle at Sea, and Soldier. ■ THE DIAMOND WEDDING 266 ■ THE INVICTUS GAMES 300 Joel Levy is an author and journalist with a broad experience in writing about the past. Among his many books on history are the titles History’s Worst Battles, History’s Greatest Discoveries, and ■ THE DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE 268 The Queen as Patron 302 DK’s History Year by Year. ■ STATE VISIT TO IRELAND 270 How the Queen supports more than 600 charitable causes with high-profile Ros Belford is the author of numerous travel titles for DK, which combine her interest in history, The Pilot Prince 272 receptions and royal visits. geography, and biography with a love of travel. She is particularly interested in tracing the history Prince William takes to the skies as of women—from ancient matriarchs to contemporary monarchs. The Royal Working Life 306 his career takes off, flying military Queen Elizabeth’s dedication to duty, and civilian helicopters. and a typical day at the office. The Wedding of William Elizabeth’s Long Reign 310 and Catherine 274 How the world has changed during Huge celebrations follow the marriage the Queen’s record-breaking reign. of the new Duke and Duchess of Cambridge at Westminster Abbey. INDEX 314 ■ ROYAL MEMORABILIA 276 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 319 ■ THE DUCHESS OF CAMBRIDGE 278