Incex 835 Index Abortion, Asylum-seekers cont tree speech and, 580—591 judicial review, impact of, 479-510 Abuse of process, volume of judicial reviews, 506—509 compensation, 326 National Asylum Support Service, 397-407 Administration of justice, particular social group, 171-172 abuse of process, compensation for, 326 policy and law, 481 484 champerty, political opinions, 549 accountant’s fees, 152 reasons for persecution, 548 contempt in face of court safe third countries, 494-498 Court Service, 152 upport, 502-505 judicial appointments, 152 uncommunicated determination, effect of, juries, composition of, 534 R07 Justice (Northern Ireland) Act 2002, 15 isa requirements, 501-502 legal professional privilege, 794 wardship and asylum jurisdiction, relationship Lord Chancellor's Department, scrutiny of between, 172 327 maximum number of judges, 1 Bail restrictions, 802—803 Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 Bo tribunal system, 534-535 tralia Bede Harris Administrative law, doctrine and theory in, 429-454 jurisdictional limits, 439-445 Constitutions lan Cram, 8 law, policy and administration, 435-439 | 4 Pu Law An risk commonwealth, 455-478 wernment by Contract A.« Davies, voidness, concept of, 445-454 193 194 Animals, istrative ¢ ourt Practice—Judiaal Revieu Animal Health Act 2002 3872-396 Michael Supperstone Q.C. and Lynne foot and mouth epidemic, 382-396 Knapman, 565—56¢ Anti-social behaviour orders h Guide to the Anti- Terrorisn fair trial, right to, 165 n Clive Walker, 564-565 human rights, 165 Liberties Law: The Hun Rights Act Era Appeals, Noel Whitty, Thérése Murphy and asylum-seekers, 260—27 Stephen LI ivingstone, 823-826 Asylum-seekers, mmonwealth Caribbean Cons titutional Law Sir accommodation, | 2-173 Fred Phillips 365-366 administrative delay, 492-494 tution in C mtext: Regional, Fe appeals, 260-271, 487-491, 551 Devolved Government in the I uropean Asylum Applications -Who Decides, 172 Union John Hopkins, 194-195 claiming as soon as is practicable, 549-550 ta1b lishsihnign g 1t h Suprema of European Lau designated states, 550 Karen Alter, 363 65 destitute, 808 7 idmnistrative Law in Common Lau detention, 498-501 Perspective Mahendra P. Singh, 196-197 disabled, duty to house, 808 Equality and Democratic Renewal fast track asylum rules, 342 n Northern Ireland Colin | Harvey Ed fear no longer existing, 342-343 197-199 fear of persecution, 170-171, 343 sating Rights: Perspectives from Domestic and Home Office prox edures, 484—505 Iniernational Law grant Huscroft and Paul imputed political opinion, 170 Rishworth (Eds.), 199-200 [2003] P-L. WINTER ¢ SWEET & MAXWELI AND CONTRIBUTORS 836 Index Book reviews—cont Confidentiality—cont On Law, Politics and Judicialization Martin interception of communications, 153, 154 Shapiro and Alec Stone Sweet, 568-569 interception of pager, 153 State Liability in Tort: A Comparative Study interim injunction, 535 Duncan Fairgrieve, 826-831 legal professional privilege, 794 Talking it Through: Puzzles of American media intrusion, 795-796 Democracy Robert W. Bennett, 361-363 pager, interception of, 153 The Law of the Single European Market public interest immunity, 536 Unpacking the Premises Catherine Barnard special procedure materials, and Joanne Scott (Eds.), 569-570 e-mails, 153 The Security of Freedom: Essays on Canada’s surveillance, 327 Anti-Terrorism Bill Ronald J. Daniels, ‘onfiscation order, Patrick Macklem and Kent Roach fair trial, right to, 165 (Eds.), 358-359 human rights, 165 The Supreme Court on Trial: Judicial Activism or Conseil d’Etat, recent decisions of, Democratic Dialogue Kent Roach, administration, liability of the, 818-820 359-361 aliens deported to country where life or U.K. Public Law and European Law: The liberty is threatened, 817-818 Dynamics of Legal Integration Gordon fundamental liberty, manifest unlawful Anthony, 566-568 interference with, 559-560 Breath tests, independent and impartial tribunal, 352-354 fair trial, right to, 164 medical treatment, consent to, 185-187 human rights, 164 352-354 Building Services Ombudsman, 344 fair trial, right to, 352-354 Burden of proof, passport, refusal to issue, 559-560 fair trial, right to, 166-167 Schengen Information System, refusal of human rights, 166-167 transit based on reporting of alien in 187—190 ~~ anada, settlements, requesting administrative court to privacy czar, 632-639 approve, 560—561 “CTV schemes, 339-340 suicide of prisoner, 818-820 elebrity weddings, 535 onstitution, wei hnam perty, foundations, 92-111 accountant’s fees, 152 reform, 368-377 24 s*heque-book journalism, 378—380 ~ onstitutional law, —‘ hildren, separation of powers, 327-328 European Union ~ ontempt in face of court, 326-327 right of residence, 159-160 nf onvention on the Future of Europe, 331 privacy, right to, 795 ~ osts, _ “inemas, fair trial, right to, 803 licensing, 2-5 ~ ouncil on Tribunals, regulation, 2—5 annual report, 154 ~ ivil Procedure Rules, gn ounty courts, judicial review, 551-552 judicial review, availability of, 173 ~~ ‘odes of conduct, 511-533 ~ ourt Service, 152 ~ ollective responsibility, ~ ‘overt surveillance, Scotland, 24—31 human rights, 165 Executive guidance, 24-27 ~ rown immunity, 804 —_ ‘onfidentiality, common law, 732-734 balancing of interests, 153-154 comparative law perspective, 730: celebrity weddings, 535 criminal liability, from, 716-729 child, privacy of, 795 Crown Proceedings Act, 155 data protection, Denmark, 744-750 electoral representatives, 154 France, 734-739 sensitive personal data, 327 Germany, 739-743 disclosure of personal information, 154 Italy, 739-743 disclosure of sources, 795 egal basis, 720-727 disclosure of statements, 535-536 Norway, 744-750 Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002, reform, 730-752 153 Scandinavia, 744-750 [2003] PL. Winter © Sweet & MAXWELL AND CONTRIBUTORS Index 837 Crown immunity—cont Ele« tions—cont Sweden, 744-750 Northern Island Assembly, 537 offensive broadcasts, 537-538 Data protection, petition, 330 electoral representatives, 154 pilot schemes, 6-13 sensitive personal data, 327 Scottish Parliament, 158 Death penalty, selection of candidates, 538-539 United States, 52-62 . ward elections, Defamation, City of London, 329-330 House of Lords, powers of, 182-183 Electoral Commission, jury award, interference with, 182—183 Modernising Elections, 6-13 Denmark, Speaker's Committee, 158 Crown immunity, 744-750 Employment Appeal Tribunal, Department for Constitutional Affairs, 650-655 natural justice, 810 proposed creation, 368, 798 Entrapment, : responsibilities, 369, 798 fair trial, right to, 803-804 Devolution, European Parliament, elections to devolved bodies, 539 elections, 157, 797 inter-institutional relations, 328, 536, 796 European Union, Disability discrimination, accession to the ECHR, 785-790 private hire vehicles, 328 Charter of Fundamental Rights, 774-77 5, Discrimination, 777-785 iuthorisation, 156 hildren, disability, right of residence, 159-160 private hire vehicles, 328 Commission investigations race discrimination, national courts, duty of, 160 assessors, role of, 328-329 Convention on the Future of Europe, 331 jurisdiction of tribunal, 796-797 775-776 religious belief, 797 developments, 161, 539 responsibilities after end of employment direct enforcement of EU rights, 158-159 796 draft Constitution, 5711-5- 577.7 766--779933 . 797 esponsibilities after end of employment, 796 fundamental rights, 774-793 sex discrimination, immigration laws and fundamental rights comparator, 536 balance between, 330 responsibilities after end of employment, importation for personal use, 159 796 ustoms procedures, 331 ¥ xual orientation, 155, 222-235, 797 judicial remedies, reform of system of anssexuals, 155-156 790-793 yational Parliaments, role of, 160 Editor, notes from the, 1, 367 non-national spouses, rights of, 539 Education, reference under Art.234, obligation to make, corporal punishment, 329 330 Education Act 2002, 156 Scottish representation, 160 exclusions, school, 797 unchallenged decision, no reliance on, 160 reinstatement, meaning of, 537 Extradition school admissions, 156-157 Bill, 540 self-governing status, termination of, 157 ontumacy, meaning of, 331—332, 540 university visitors, 329 previous record, relevance of ¥ Elections, United States, to, 540, 798 devolved bodies, 539 disqualifications, 539 Fair trial, right to Electoral Commission, inti-social behaviour orders, 165 Modernising Elections, 6 3 breath tests, 164 Speaker’s Committee, 158 burden of proof, 166-167, 544-545 European Parliament, 157, 797 onfiscation order, 165 local election pilot scheme, 330 sts order, 803 local elections, riminal charge, meaning of, 544 uncounted ballot papers, 538 Crown immunity from suit, 804 mandatory requirement, 157-158 Crown’s immunity from suit, 337 modernising, 6—13 de facto judge, 534 [2003] P.L. Winter © Sweet & MAXwWELI AND CONTRIBUTORS 838 Index Fair trial, right to cont Government and civil service—cont delay, 338 departments, changes to, 798 determination of criminal charge , whether, ethical standards, 542 166 Intelligence and Security Committee, 799 disclosure of evidence, 803 Intelligence Services Commission Report district court, 546 161 domestic jurisprudence, 759-760 Law Officers’ advice, 541 542 ECHR jurisprudence, 754 759 Parliamentary accountability, 161 entrapment, 803-804 standards in public life, 542 fitness to plead, 336 Human Rights Act 1998, 46-47 Health and medical treatment, Human Rights Act 1998 and, 753-773 Community Care Delayed Disch irges, et independent and impartial tribunal, 337 338 Act 2003, 799 760-773 detention in hospital, 542 innocence, presumption of, 336 discharge from compulsory detention, 543 international conventions, 546 lawfulness of proposed treatment, 542-543 interpreter, right to, 166 Mental Health (Care and Treatment judicial bias, 167 Scotland Act 2003, 799 juries, 534 NHS drug provision, restriction of 162 mandatory life sentences, 163 prisoners detained on mental health grounds police warning, effect of, 546 161-162 registration of United States order, 545 release of mental patient, 334-335 self-incrimination, privilege against, 164 seclusion of mental health patient, 800 silence, right to, 164, 166 standard of proof for necessity of medical unbiased judge, 167 treatment, 335 unreasonable delay, 338 tissue typing, 799 inancial services regulation, Health Services Commissioner, 177 decentred analysis of regulation, 64-66 Henry VIII clauses, 348 enrolment, regulatory, 63 delegated legislation, assessing regulatory capacity, 72-73 Henry Vill clauses See Henry VIII clau identifying range of actors, 69 79 identification, 117-119 regulatory functions, 66-69, 81-82 justification, 123-126 relating actors, capacity and regulatory nature 113-116 functions, 82—84 Parliamentary sovereignty, implications for resources, 73-81 Foot and mouth epidemic, 382 396 rise of, France, use, 119-123 Crown immunity, 734-739 House of Commons, Freedom of property, modernisation, 178 civilian assistance at search, 161 precincts of House, access to, 178 entry, powers of, 332 House of Lords, Freedom of speec h hereditary peers, 554 abortion, 580-591 reform, 347, 554, 811 balancing interests reformed second chamber, powers of, breach of confidence, 333 composition of chamber, 32-33 private rights, 541 constitution, legislation affecting the, qualified privilege, 333-334 35-39 breach of confidence, 333 delegated legislation, 33-35 interlocutory injunctions restraining human rights, legislation affecting, 35-39 publication, 332-333 Joint Committee on Lords Reform, 39—40 political expression, 582—584 religious representatives, 674-696 prior restraint on political speech, 587 588 speakership, reform of, 368 qualified privilege, 333-334, 541 Human rights, taste and decency rule, 584—586 See also Human Rights Act 1998 and individual rights e.g.S Life, right to Germany, access to records, 168 Crown immunity, 739-743 urport noise, 805 Government and civil service, anti-social behaviour orders, 165 accountability of departments, 334 bail restrictions, 802-803 codes of conduct, 511-533 breath tests, 164 [2003] PL. Winter © SweeT & MAXWELI AND CONTRIBUTORS Index 839 Human rights—cont Human Rights Act 1998—cont burden of proof, 166-167 European jurisprudence, 45—46 CCTV schemes, 339-340 xecutive, role of, 323-324 changes in criminal law, 339 fair trial, right to, 46-47 confiscation order, 165 First Protocol, 46—47 costs order, 803 history, 309 covert surveillance, 165 mpact, 41, 308-325 Crown immunity, 337, 804 uman and degrading treatment, freedom damages for breach of Convention right, 169 trom, 47-48 declarations of incompatibility, 802 nterpretative obligation 236—248 delay, 338 idicial deference, 41-51, 592-601 disclosure of evidence, 803 onceptual foundation, 42-44 disqualification from working with children domestic and international judicial 339 deference, 42-44 entrapment, 803 language, 42 European Convention on Human Rights nature of rights, 44-45 reforming, 663-673 practical need for, 50-51 First Protocol, Article 1, 46-47, 54 7-548 language, 42 800-801, 805 liberty and security, right to, 49 foreign terrorist suspects, lawfulness of life, right to, 49 detention of, 162—163 Parliament, role of, 309-311 Human Rights Commission parliamentary consideration, 169 assessment, 284-285 Professor Leigh, reply to, 41-51 contributions of, 272—285 rape shield, 46—47 courts and, 280-282 retrospective legislation, 46—47 essential characteristics, 272—274 retrospectivity, 801 influencing politicians and civil servants > sex partners, 621-631 278-280 slavery, freedom from, 46 international human rights law, 274-278 unqualified rights and judicial deference, investigation of alleged abuse, 282-283 41-51 local level, added value at the, 278-284 popularising concept of human rights Immigration, 283-284 adjudicator and tribunal, role of, 809 illegally obtained evidence, 340-341 asylum-seekers independent and impartial tribunal, 337-338 ind see Asylum-seekers interpreter, right to, 166 accommodation, 172—173 Joint Committee on Human Rights, 169 ippeals, 260-271, 551 341, 548, 807 4 ylum Applications Who Decides, 173 judicial bias, 167 claiming as soon as is practicable, 549-550 Law Society, intervention by, 341 designated states, 550 licence, release on, 804 destitute, 808 mandatory life sentences, 163 disabled, duty to house, 808 medical member of tribunal, role of, 33 a fast track asylum rules, 342 option to renew lease, 805 f no longer existing, 342-343 Parliamentary sovereignty, 163 fear of persecution, 170-171, 343 perverting the course of justice, 338-339 imputed political opinion, 170 public authority, meaning of, 800-801 particular social group, 171 2 samples, retention of, 167—168 political opinions, 549 self-incrimination, privilege against, 164 reasons for persecution, 548 silence, right to, 164, 166 removals, 551 social security payments, 805-806 uncommunicated determination, effect of, transsexuals, 155-156, 341 807 unreasonable delay, ef wardship and asylum jurisdiction duman Kights Act 1998, relanonship between, 172 background, 309 deportation, 550 courts, role of, 311-323 detention pending determination of damages for breach of, 557—558 application, 171 declaratory judgment, 806-807 directions for removal, 343 democratic principle, 596-597 Dublin Convention, 172 effective remedy, right to, 49—50 fast track asylum rules, 342 [2003] PL. Winter © Sweet & MAXWELL AND CONTRIBUTORS 840 Index Immigration—cont Judicial review—cont fear of persecution, 170-171, 343 legitimate expectation, 551 homeless persons, 550 criteria, 174 illegal, 550 planning cases, 174-1 legitimate expectation, 172 limits of 429-454 Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act non-compliance with procedure, 345 2002, 341-342 parliamentary sovereignty, 291—292 pre-entry control scheme, 807-808 permission to rely on new ground, 344-345 public funding for residence application planning, 174-175 808—809 procedural impropriety, 175—17¢ race relations, 809 proportionality, 551 return of refugees, 343 public functions, exercise of, 176 safe third country, removal to, 169-170 ultra vires, 299—306 statistics, 344 defence of, 287-289 uncommunicated determination effect of modified doctrine, 287-289 807 unreasonableness, 551 wardship and asylum jurisdiction, relationship validity of licence conditions, 344 between, 172 volume of judicial reviews, 506-509 Independent and impartial tribunal, 337-338 Judiciary, Conseil d’Etat, recent decisions of, 352-354 ippointments, 152, 795 Innocence, presumption of, 336 bias of judge previously serving as minister Intelligence and Security Committee, 799 promoting legislation, 167 Intelligence Services Commission Report, 16 de facto judge, 534 Interim injunction, independence, 397—407 confidentiality, 535 legislature and executive, relationship with, International Association of Constitutional Law 796 UK branch, 381 maximum number, 152 Interpreter, right to, maximum number, 534 fair trial, right to, 166 statistics, 795 human rights, 166 Juries Italy, composition, 534 Crown immunity, 739-743 fair trial, right to, 534 Joint Committee on Human Rights, 169 Legal professional privilege, 794 Journalism ggatt review, 534 cheque-book journalism, 378-380 Legitimate expectation, 551 Journals, criteria, 174 government and politics, 191-192, 355-357 planning, 174-175 562—563. 821—822 Liberty and security, right to Judicial Appointments Commission bail restrictions, 802-803 proposed creation, 368, 375-376 de laration of inc ompatibility RO? Judicial review, delayed release, 335-336 amenability to, 345 foreign terrorist suspects, lawfulness of asylum, impact on, 479-510 detentiono f, 162-163 availability, 173 Human Rights Act 1998, 49 Building Services Ombudsman, 344 medical member of tribunal, role of, 335 Civil Procedure Rules, 551-552 Life, right to, constitutional foundations, 92-95, 286—307 Human Rights Act 1998, 49 county court decisions, 173 security forces, collusion by the, 801-802 foreign affairs, review of prerogative in Local government, 173-174 Local Government Act 2000, 17 foundations, 92-95, 286-30 Local Government in Scotland Act 2003, ui a7 future of, 306-307 regional assemblies in England, 552, 809 giving of reasons after claim brought, 176 review, 345-346 immovable constitutional fundamentals, Lord Chancellor, 369—370, 794, 798 whether, 292-299 Lord Chancellor's Department indictment, trial on, 175 scrutiny of, 327 jurisdictional error, 430 justification, 429 Mandatory life sentences, legitimacy, 286-307 fair trial, right to, 163-164 [2003] P.L. WinTER 4 Sweet & MAXWELL AND CONTRIBUTORS Index 841 Mandatory life sentences—cont ) irliament, human rights, 163-164 See also House of Commons; House of nature, 180 Lords; Scottish Parliament prisons, 179-180 European scrutiny, 178 punishment part, determination of, 180 *xplanatory notes, use of, 178 tariff, determining, 179-180 Hansard, references to, 811 Medical treatment, consent to, pensions, Parliamentary, 554 Conseil d’Etat, recent decisions of, 352-3 354 privilege, 347 Mental health, juestions, 178, 211-221, 348 Mental Health (Care and Treatment reformed second chamber, powers of, 32-40 a aie Scotland) Act 2003, 799 omposition of chamber, 32-33 prisoners detained on mental health grounds onstitution, legislation affecting the 161-162 45-39 release of mental patient, 334-335 delegated legislation, 33-35 seclusion of mental health patient, 800 human rights, legislation affecting, 35-39 Ministers, Joint Committeeo n Lords Reform,.39—40 Ram doctrine, 415-428 scrutiny of European legislation, 553 use of ministerial powers, 415—428 standards of conduct, 178 Misfeasance in public office, 183-184 standards and privileges, 348, 554, 811-812 tatutory interpretation Name and shame offenders, scheme to, 812 mbryo, meaning of, 553 National Assembly for Wales, riamentary Ombudsman, 347 disqualification from membership, 539 mentary sovereignty, Nationality, onstitutional foundations, 107-111 1uman rights, 163 Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 991999 2002. 346 role Board Natural justice nnual report, 18 bias, erting the course of justice, 338-339 Employment Appeal Tribunal, 810 judge previously serving as minister promoting legislation, 167 curing defects on appeal, 34¢ Employment Appeal Tribunal, 810 judge meeting in corridor with counsel st procedures, 349 procedural fairness, 552-553 odes of practice, 555 reasons, extent of duty to give, 346-34 Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Northern Ireland, Constabulary report, 349 Assembly, 640-649 ind shame offenders, scheme to, 812 First Minister and deputy First Minister Northern Ireland, 812 640-649 PACE Review Report, 179 police, 812 Retorm Act 2002, 179 specimen, requirement for provision of Ireland. 640-649 554-555 Northern Island Assembly us liability, 348-349 elections, 537 powers Norway, m doctrine, 415-428 Crown immunity, 744-750 belonging to prisoner, 55¢ Ombudsmen, Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2003 Building Services Ombudsman, 344 812-813 Committee on Public Administration report ftective remedy, right to a, 555 553 xtended determinate sentences, 813 Health Services Commissioner, 177, 810 Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Prisons Parliamentary Ombudsman, 347 innual report, 350 Wales, 656-662 Home Secretary’s role in fixing tariff, 813 Online government, 14-23 lawfulness of detention, 555 e-government, 15-18 vraa l advisers, 349 modernisation of government, 15-18 long term prisoners, 813-814 UKonline, 18-22 mandatory life sentence, 179-180 [2003] P-L. WinTER ¢ Sweet & MAXWELI AND CONTRIBUTORS 842 Index Prisons—cont Queen oral hearing, requirement of, 349-350 evidence in criminal prosecution from, parole, 813-814 201-204 Parole Board annual report, 181 Parole Board for Scotland, 814 Race discrimination, protected witnesses, 814 assessors, role of, 328-329 punishment part, determination of, 180 immigration, 809 release of life sentence prisoners, 180-181 jurisdiction of tribunal, 796-797 standard of care, 555 religious belief, 797 statistics, 556 responsibilities after end of employment, 796 Ram doctrine, 415-428 torture, prohibition of, 555 Regional assemblies in England, 552, 809-810 Privacy, right to, 602-610 Rule of law, See also Private and family life, right to onstitutional foundations, 96—106 respect for children, 795 traditional concept, 433 ethical models, 606—609 Lawrence v Texas, 611 620 Same sex partners, media intrusion, 795-796 “living as husband and wife”, 621-631 same sex partners, 611-620 privacy, right to, 611-620 Private and family life, right to respect for, United States, 611-620 access to records, 168 Scotland, urport noise, 804 See also Scottish Parliament CCTV schemes, 339-340 collective responsibility, 24—31 doctor, condition of practising as, 168 Executive guidance, 24-27 pager, interception of, 153, 168 Crimimal Justice (Scotland) Act 2003, transsexual people, 547 812-813 Private hire vehicles, Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002, 153 disability discrimination, 328 Local Government in Scatland Act 2003, 552 Priv ilege, Mental Health (Care and Treatment legal professional privilege, 794 (Scotland) Act 2003, 799 Parliament, 347 Public Appointments and Public Bodies et: qualified, 334, 541 Scotland) Act 2003, 556 Procedural impropriety, 175-176 Scottish Parliament Property, freedom ot. See Freedom of property disqualifications, 348 Public authorities, elections, 158 Public Appointments and Public Bodies et future size, 328 Scotland) Act 2003 556 Scottish Parliamentary Standards vacancies, public appointments, 556 Commissioner Act 2002, 177-178 Public inquiries, Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs, 794 sublic interest in, 578-579 Self-incrimination, privilege against, Fublic interest immunity, 536 fair trial, right to, 164 Public interest litigation, 128-150, 697-715 human rights, 164 Public order, Separation of powers, 327-328 breach of the peace 55 Sex discrimination Criminal Justice (Terrorism and Conspiracy comparator, 536 Act 1998, 350 responsibilities after end of employment, 796 racialist nature, words of 814 transsexuals, 796 Sexual orientation religious offences, 814 discrimination, 155, 222-235 terrorism, 181, 557 Sexually abused children Punishment without law, no, changes in criminal law, 332 9< effective remedy in tort for, 183, 350 Silence, right to, disqualification from working with children, fair trial, right to, 164, 166 339 Social security, licence, release on, 804 disclosure of information already known, 55 perverting the course of justice, 338 human rights, 805-806 strict liability, 547 invalidity of regulations, 181 Special procedure materials, Qualified privilege, 333-334, 541 e-mails, 153 [2003] PI WINTER © Sweet & MAXwWELI AND CONTRIBUTORS Index 843 Speech, freedom of. See Freedom of speech Tort ont Statutory interpretation, lefamation interpretative obligation, 236-248 House of Lords, powers of, 182—183 Strict liability, jury award, interference with, 182-183 punishment without law, no, 54 formulation of claims against public authorities, 35 Supreme Court, Ministry of Defence, duty of, 815 proposals, 368, 370-3 75 musfeasance in public office, 183-184 Sustainable development, occupiers’, duty of, 815-816 government's three-pronged approach sexually abused children, effective remedy for, 249-259 , 183. 350 Sweden state Immunity, 182 Crown immunity, 744-750 Torture, prohibition of prisons, 55 J Tenancies sentencing powers, 543-544 same sex spouses and succession rights Transsexuals 222-235 discrimination, 155-156, 796 succession, 222—235, 340 wuman rights, 155-156, 341 Terrorism private and family life, right to respect for, 54 Criminal Justice (Terrorism and Conspiracy) 5 Act 1998, 350 toilet facilities, 796 ribunal system, 534-535 foreign terrorist suspects, lawfulness of detentiono f, 162—163 psuubblli c ordejre,r 5555 7 suppression of 81 Third party intervention current law, 129-134 emerging regime, 131-134 odified doctrine, 287-289 ustifications, 134—141 { 1 States h penalty, 52-62 practice, 129-134 procedure, 141-146 crimin ils In public interest, 128-150 traditional forms, 129-131 Thought, conscience and religion, freed flar tory speech, 408-414 corporal punishment, 329 me sex partners, 611-620 Tissue g, 799 l SItor 399 Tort 4 idmuinistrative wrong, no right of acti mt X S15 Ombuds 656-662 > 003 PL. WINTER © Sweet & MAXWELL AND CONTRIBUTORS