PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 PROJECT ACCESS SAN DIEGO/ SPECIALTY CARE ACCESS INITIATIVE Referral Guidelines Table of Contents P a g e | 1 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS AND DISCLAIMER ............................................................................. 5 ACUTE LOW BACK PAIN ...................................................................................................................... 6 ALLERGY – ALLERGIC RHINITIS AND SINSUSITIS .................................................................................. 7 ALLERGY – BEE STING ......................................................................................................................... 8 ARTHRITIS — OSTEOARTHRITIS‐ ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY REFERRAL ................................................... 9 ASTHMA‐ ALLERGIST REFERRAL........................................................................................................ 10 BACK PAIN ....................................................................................................................................... 11 BONE GROWTH STIMULATOR .......................................................................................................... 12 BONE MINERAL DENSITY (BMD) TESTING ......................................................................................... 13 BREAST CANCER ‐ DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT .............................................................................. 14 BREAST RECONSTRUCTION .............................................................................................................. 15 BUNIONS .......................................................................................................................................... 16 CARDIAC STRESS TESTING ................................................................................................................ 17 CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME ........................................................................................................... 18 CHOLECYSTITIS AND CHOLELITHIASIS ............................................................................................... 19 CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME ........................................................................................................ 20 COLONOSCOPY ................................................................................................................................ 21 COLPOSCOPY ‐ CERVICAL.................................................................................................................. 22 CT OR MRI OF SPINE ......................................................................................................................... 23 DENTAL ............................................................................................................................................ 24 DERMATOLOGY ................................................................................................................................ 25 DILATATION & CURETTAGE OF THE UTERUS (D&C) .......................................................................... 27 DUPUYTREN’S CONTRACTURE .......................................................................................................... 28 ENDOCRINOLOGY ............................................................................................................................. 29 ENDOMETRIAL ABLATION ................................................................................................................ 31 EPIDURAL STEROID INJECTION ......................................................................................................... 32 EPILEPSY (SEIZURE DISORDER)‐ VAGUS NERVE STIMULATOR ........................................................... 33 ERYTHROPOIETIN (RECOMBINANT GROWTH FACTOR) EPOGEN, PROCRIT ....................................... 34 ESOPHOGASTRODUODENOSCOPY (EGD) .......................................................................................... 35 FRACTURE CARE ............................................................................................................................... 36 GANGLION CYST ............................................................................................................................... 37 GASTROENTEROLOGY ...................................................................................................................... 38 GASTROENTEROLOGY‐HEPATITIS C .................................................................................................. 39 GYNECOLOGY/PELVIC MASSES ......................................................................................................... 40 GYNECOMASTIA ............................................................................................................................... 41 HEADACHE ....................................................................................................................................... 42 HEADACHES ‐ MIGRAINES ................................................................................................................ 43 HEARING LOSS ................................................................................................................................. 44 HEMORRHOIDECTOMY .................................................................................................................... 45 HEPATITIS C ...................................................................................................................................... 46 HEPATOLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 47 HERNIAS ‐ SURGICAL CORRECTION ................................................................................................... 48 HIRSUTISM ....................................................................................................................................... 49 HORMONE THERAPY ........................................................................................................................ 50 HYDROCELE ...................................................................................................................................... 51 P a g e | 2 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 HYPERPARATHYROIDISM ................................................................................................................. 52 HYSTERECTOMY ............................................................................................................................... 53 HYSTEROSCOPY ................................................................................................................................ 54 INCONTINENCE ................................................................................................................................ 55 INSULIN PUMP ................................................................................................................................. 56 KNEE PAIN (ANTERIOR) .................................................................................................................... 57 LAMINECTOMY (SPINE SURGERY) .................................................................................................... 58 LAPAROSCOPY (GYNECOLOGY) ........................................................................................................ 59 MAMMOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................. 60 MRI OF KNEE .................................................................................................................................... 61 NEPHROLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 62 NEUROLOGY .................................................................................................................................... 63 OCULAR DISEASE .............................................................................................................................. 66 OPHTHALMOLOGY ‐ CATARACTS ...................................................................................................... 67 OPHTHALMOLOGY‐ GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 68 OPHTHALMOLOGY ‐ GLAUCOMA ..................................................................................................... 71 OPHTHALMOLOGY ‐ PTERYGIUM ..................................................................................................... 72 OPTOMETRY .................................................................................................................................... 73 ORTHOPEDICS .................................................................................................................................. 74 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS ORTHOPEDIC GUIDELINES ....................................................... 74 OTITIS MEDIA ................................................................................................................................... 75 PAIN MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................................ 76 PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE ..................................................................................................................... 77 PET SCAN (POSITRON — EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY) ......................................................................... 78 PHYSICAL THERAPY, OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, SPEECH THERAPY ................................................... 79 PLANTAR FASCIITIS .......................................................................................................................... 80 PODIATRY ........................................................................................................................................ 81 PROSTATECTOMY ............................................................................................................................ 82 RHEUMATOLOGY ‐ RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ................................................................................... 83 RHEUMATOLOGY – GENERAL REFERRAL GUIDELINES ....................................................................... 84 SEPTOPLASTY ................................................................................................................................... 93 SHOULDER PAIN ............................................................................................................................... 94 SINUSITIS – ACUTE AND CHRONIC .................................................................................................... 95 SLEEP APNEA STUDY ........................................................................................................................ 96 TENS UNIT ........................................................................................................................................ 97 THYROID DISEASE ............................................................................................................................ 98 THYROIDECTOMY ............................................................................................................................. 99 TMJ ‐ TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDER ............................................................................ 100 TONSILLECTOMY AND ADENOIDECTOMY (T & A) ........................................................................... 101 TRIGGER FINGER ............................................................................................................................ 102 TYMPANOPLASTY .......................................................................................................................... 103 TYMPANOTOMY ............................................................................................................................ 104 UROLOGY ....................................................................................................................................... 105 UTERINE BLEEDING (AUB, DUB) ..................................................................................................... 106 VARICOSE VEINS ............................................................................................................................ 108 P a g e | 3 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 VERTIGO ........................................................................................................................................ 109 WOUND MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................................ 110 P a g e | 4 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS AND DISCLAIMER The guidelines included in this document are for the sole purpose of providing guidance for the best use of the relatively scarce resource of Project Access San Diego volunteer diagnostic and specialty care, and specialty care arranged through the grant‐funded Specialty Care Access Initiative. These are not intended to be prohibitive or restrictive guidelines and in no case are designed or intended to supplant a physician’s recommendation for diagnostic services or specialty care. There is no implied or intended patient‐specific medical decision‐making in these guidelines. The guidelines are developed with the following principles: 1. There is no implied or intended interference with the patient‐physician relationship; the ultimate decision about appropriateness and level of care and referral remains with the physician and patient involved. 2. If a referral cannot be provided through PASD or the SCAI, it is not implied or intended to prevent or preclude this referral from occurring‐ it is solely a decision based on these guidelines in conjunction with resourced available at the time the referral is requested. If a referral cannot be covered through PASD or SCAI, there is no implied statement regarding the appropriateness or medical necessity of the referral. 3. These guidelines are developed with the purpose of promoting the following: a. Stewardship of scarce specialty and primary care resources b. Facilitating volunteerism among specialists by reducing barriers to care from language, transportation, cultural, and regulatory issues 4. The general principle of PASD and the SCAI is to provide additional specialty support to indigent patients and their primary care physicians. Specialty referrals are not intended to transfer care of the patient to the specialist or to make the specialist the primary care provider for that patient. Referrals will be coordinated with the expectation that the intent of the referral is one of the following: a. To provide assistance in making a definitive diagnosis b. To outline a treatment plan to be carried out by the primary care physician c. To perform a specific procedure and its immediate after care 5. These guidelines are not intended to act in a similar fashion to insurance or managed care guidelines; they are designed to maximize the appropriate use of scarce specialty resources, ensure primary care‐level workup is completed before referral, and may vary in content or application depending not on medical ‘merit’ but on the relative availability of the specialty in question. P a g e | 5 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 ACUTE LOW BACK PAIN http://www.mamc.amedd.army.mil/referral/guidelines/ortho_low_back_pain.htm (Excerpted from Madigan Army Medical referral guidelines) History/Physical Elicitation of history and performance of physical examination. Special attention to presence or absence of "red flags" to include: o age <18 or >55 o history of malignancy o steroid use o HIV positivity o constitutional symptoms (fevers, chills, unintended weight loss) o structural deformity o anal or urethral sphincter disturbance o saddle anesthesia o gait disturbance o or widespread neurologic deficit If red flags are present, diagnostic testing needs to include plain radiographs (AP, Lateral, and Spot Views); CBC with differential; ESR; C‐Reactive Protein. Consider bone scan; CT scan or MRI scan and electrodiagnostics as indicated. Generally MRI would be preferred. If red flags are absent a diagnostic workup is generally not necessary. Initial treatment for the first 4‐6 weeks consists of: o reassurance that most episodes resolve uneventfully within 6 weeks o encouragement to maintain as close to normal activity as is tolerable o prescribing a limited number of back exercises and stretches o avoidance of bed rest greater than 24 hours o NSAIDS (unless contraindicated) o muscle relaxants for up to one week o acetaminophen as needed o steroid taper if symptoms of radiculopathy present o weak opiates (codeine; hydrocodone) unless contraindicated o passive modalities (e.g. ice, heat) for symptomatic relief Indications for referral: Low Back Pain unresponsive to conservative management without radiculopathy should be referred to Physical Therapy for additional nonsurgical, treatment modalities. A referral to Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation should be considered only for patients who have maximized the benefit of physical therapy and are still symptomatic. Focal neurologic signs (muscle weakness, loss of reflexes) with supporting abnormal MRI findings (disk herniation, tumor, deformity) (urgent consult if worsening) ‐ Neurosurgery or Orthopedics referral. Focal neurologic signs with abnormal imaging studies (urgent consult if worsening) ‐ Neurosurgery or Orthopedics referral. MRI prior to referral (without contrast unless tumor suspected). Focal neurologic signs with normal imaging studies (urgent if worsening) ‐ Neurology referral. Incapacitating radiculopathy unresponsive to therapy with supporting abnormal MRI Findings ‐ Neurosurgery or Orthopedic referral. Abnormal plain radiographs associated with red flags ‐ Neurosurgery or Orthopedics referral. MRI of lumbar spine prior to referral (without contrast usually). Loss of bladder or bowel control, Saddle Anesthesia – If symptoms acute (less than 72 hours), send patient to Emergency Room for expedited evaluation. If symptoms subacute or chronic and supporting P a g e | 6 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 abnormal MRI findings present, Neurosurgery or Orthopedic referral. If supporting abnormal MRI findings are not present, consider referral to urology or gastroenterology. ALLERGY – ALLERGIC RHINITIS AND SINSUSITIS Treatment or referral is covered only for disease which interferes with the ability to function and work. Criteria for Referral and possible Desensitization (allergy shots) Patient History (two of three must be present) 1. Chronic symptoms, at least 3 days per week 2. Facial pain 3. Chronic purulent discharge Physical Exam (one of three must be present) 1. Facial tenderness 2. Green/yellow discharge 3. Swelling and polypoid changes in the nose Medication failure (all three) 1. Decongestants and/or antihistamines 2. Antibiotics for 6 weeks if sinusitis 3. Nasal steroids and/or nasal Cromolyn Sodium X‐Rays (for sinusitis) Sinus imaging (plain films or CT scan) showing evidence of infection P a g e | 7 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 CMS MEDICAL POLICIES ALLERGY – BEE STING PASD will consider paying for Bee Sting Allergy kits for a history of definite systemic allergic reaction to bee stings. Referral for consultation and desensitization is based on the following criteria. Criteria for Referral and possible Desensitization: Patient History (all three) 1. Respiratory distress, acute urticaria and/or hypotension after a bee sting (history of anaphylaxis) 2. Reaction of bee sting is remote from the local reaction, at least 6 inches from sting 3. Personal risk at work or at home for bee sting exposure Physical Exam (not required if history is clear or reaction documented by past medical records) Evidence of allergic reaction remote from the site of the sting, including hives (urticaria), respiratory distress or hypotension P a g e | 8 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 ARTHRITIS — OSTEOARTHRITIS‐ ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY REFERRAL Criteria for referral to Orthopedic Surgery and/or Physical Therapy Referral to Orthopedic Surgery may be arranged if the patient requires surgery to function at work or with daily activities. Physical therapy or Occupational therapy may be arranged for home exercise training or for a short course in the event of an acute exacerbation. Patient History (three of four) Restriction of daily activities Interferes with current work or preventing employment Failure to respond to oral medications – 3‐6 month trial Failure to respond to physical therapy, if available AND Physical Exam (two of four) Pain with movement Decreased range of motion Muscle wasting Deformity AND Imaging Evidence of moderate to severe joint changes AND For Knees: Fails to respond to intra‐articular steroids or has had multiple (>= 3) intra‐articular steroid injections at the primary care level P a g e | 9 June 2010 PASD/ SCAI Referral Guidelines 2010 ASTHMA‐ ALLERGIST REFERRAL Mild intermittent, mild persistent and moderate persistent asthma are managed at the primary care level. Severe persistent asthma, defined as requiring continuous systemic steroid therapy and a history of hospitalization, may be referred to an allergy or pulmonary specialist. Desensitization is not paid for with PASD funds. Criteria for Referral and Possible Desensitization Patient History (at least one) 1. Life threatening 2. Asthma not responding to maximum medical therapy (see treatment failure below) 3. Multiple ER visits, > 2 per year, or hospitalizations > 2 per year Treatment failure (failed at least two agents) 1. B‐Agonists, including long acting 2. Cromolyn Sodium 3. Inhalation corticosteroids for 3 or more months Tests (optional) Pulmonary function testing which shows severe reversible disease P a g e | 10 June 2010
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