T o Progress in Environmental Engineering contains theoretical and m a experimental contributions on water purification, new concepts and s z methods of wastewater treatment, and ecological problems in freshwater e k ecosystems. Th e issues dealt with in the book include: &   K (i) Causes and control of activated sludge bulking and foaming o s (ii) Th e use of new support materials in activated sludge technology as z e a result of studies on wastewater treatment in a sequencing batch ln i reactor with keramsite grains as the porous carrier in Moving Bed k Sequencing Batch Biofi lm Reactors (iii) Greenhouse gas emissions from WWTPs especially mechanisms of NO production in biological wastewater treatment under 2 nitrifying and denitrifying conditions and strategies to mitigate P r NO emissions from biological nitrogen removal systems as well as o 2 g spatiotemporal variation of nitrous oxide emissions from reservoirs r e (iv) Novel techniques of water protection against eutrophication and s s reclamation, in particular aspects of chemical methods of i n reclamation e.g. using lime for the inactivation of phosphate E n (v) A method for risk management in water distribution system v Janusz A. Tomaszek & Piotr Koszelnik operation and maintenance using Bayesian process. Th e proposed ir o method makes it possible to estimate the risks associated with the n possibility of partial or total loss of the ability of water supply system m Progress in e operation.  n t   a l Progress in Environmental Engineering includes unique contributions E Environmental n to understand selected aspects of environmental protection and proposes g methods to eff ectively solve pollution problems. Th e book will be of interest in e to academia and professionals interested or involved in environmental e Engineering r engineering. i n g Water, Wastewater Treatment and Environmental Protection Issues an informa business PROGRESSINENVIRONMENTALENGINEERING TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk Progress in Environmental Engineering Water, Wastewater Treatment and Environmental Protection Issues Editors JanuszA.Tomaszek & Piotr Koszelnik DepartmentofEnvironmental&ChemistryEngineering, RzeszówUniversityofTechnology,Rzeszów,Poland CRCPress/BalkemaisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2015Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,UK TypesetbyMPSLimited,Chennai,India PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyCPIGroup(UK)Ltd,Croydon,CR04YY Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationortheinformationcontainedhereinmaybe reproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronic,mechanical,byphotocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutwrittenprior permissionfromthepublishers. Althoughallcareistakentoensureintegrityandthequalityofthispublicationandthe informationherein,noresponsibilityisassumedbythepublishersnortheauthorforany damagetothepropertyorpersonsasaresultofoperationoruseofthispublication and/ortheinformationcontainedherein. Publishedby: CRCPress/Balkema P.O.Box11320,2301EHLeiden,TheNetherlands e-mail:[email protected] www.crcpress.com–www.taylorandfrancis.com ISBN:978-1-138-02799-2(Hbk) ISBN:978-1-315-68547-2(eBookPDF) ProgressinEnvironmentalEngineering–Tomaszek&Koszelnik(eds) ©2015Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN:978-1-138-02799-2 Table of contents Preface VII Abouttheeditors IX Riskmanagementinwaterdistributionsystemoperationandmaintenance usingBayesiantheory 1 B.Tchórzewska-Cies´lak&K.Pietrucha-Urbanik DifferentiationofselectedcomponentsinbottomsedimentsofPoland’s Solina-Myczkowcecomplexofdamreservoirs 11 L.Bartoszek,J.A.Tomaszek&J.B.Lechowicz Theroleofwetlandsintheremovalofheavymetalsfromtheleachate(onthe exampleoftheLipinkaRivercatchment,southernPoland) 23 T.Molenda Thepossibilitiesoflimitationandeliminationofactivatedsludgebulking 35 M.Kida,A.Masłon´,J.A.Tomaszek&P.Koszelnik Lakesandreservoirsrestoration–Shortdescriptionofthechosenmethods 51 L.Bartoszek&P.Koszelnik Theuseofkeramsitegrainsasasupportmaterialforthebiofilminmoving bedtechnology 59 A.Masłon´ &J.A.Tomaszek AreviewofcurrentknowledgeonN OemissionsfromWWTPs 73 2 J.A.Tomaszek&J.Czarnota Authorindex 89 V TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk ProgressinEnvironmentalEngineering–Tomaszek&Koszelnik(eds) ©2015Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN:978-1-138-02799-2 Preface Themonographcontainsoriginaltheoreticalandexperimentalpapersdealingwith:waterpurifica- tion,especiallyonriskmanagementinwaterdistributionsystemoperationandmaintenance,new conceptsandmethodsofwastewatertreatmente.g.eliminationofactivatedsludgebulkingorusing anewsupportmaterialinactivatedsludgetechnology,greenhousegasesemissionsfromWWTPs, andimportantecologicalproblemsinfreshwaterecosystems. There have been many advances in the study of aquatic ecosystems in recent years, but there remainmanyquestionstobesolved.Theareasthatrequirenewapproach,inspiteoftheadvances during the last decades, are the paramount eutrophical problems related to lakes and reservoirs restoration, the role of wetlands in the removal of heavy metals and complicated interactions betweensedimentandoverlyingwater.Thismonographcontainscontributionspointingtothese directions.Thegoalofthemonographisnotmerelytoprovidetechnicalproficiencybuttoadd insightandunderstandingoftheselectedaspectsofwaterpurification,wastewatertreatmentand protection of aquatic ecosystems. We hope that the present monograph, by bringing together a plenty of information on origin, nature and reduction of environment contaminations, will help withprovidingmodesofactiontoeffectivelysolvethepollutionproblems. Theeditorswouldliketoexpresstheiracknowledgementtoalltheauthorsofthemonographfor theirenthusiasm,diligenceandinvolvment. Weextendourgratitudetoallthosewhohelpedwithmakingthemonograph. JanuszA.TomaszekandPiotrKoszelnik VII TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk ProgressinEnvironmentalEngineering–Tomaszek&Koszelnik(eds) ©2015Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN:978-1-138-02799-2 About the editors JanuszA.Tomaszek–Professor DepartmentofEnvironmental&ChemistryEngineering, RzeszówUniversityofTechnology,Poland Professor,2007,EnvironmentalEngineering&ChemistryEngineering, WarsawUniversityofTechnology,Poland Ph.D.Sc., 1992, EnvironmentalEngineering&ChemistryEngineering, WarsawUniversityofTechnology,Poland Ph.D.,1980,PolishAcademyofScience,Zabrze,Silesia,Poland ResearchInterests: – Water Chemistry/Ecosystem Dynamics: transformations of organic compounds and nutrients, geochemistry of sediments, chemical processes at sediment-water interface, IRMS measure- ments,traceelements,heavymetals,GHGemissions. – Waterpurificationandsewagetreatment. – Waterpollutioncontrol. PiotrKoszelnik–AssociateProfessor DepartmentofEnvironmental&ChemistryEngineering, RzeszówUniversityofTechnology,Poland Ph.D.Sc.,2009,EnvironmentalEngineering,Environmental Chemistry,WarsawUniversityofTechnology,Poland Ph.D.,2003,EnvironmentalEngineering,LublinUniversityof Technology,Poland ResearchInterests: – Environmental chemistry especially water chemistry: eutrophication, carbon and nitrogen cycling,stableisotopes,reclamationofman-madelakes,micropollutantsinwater. – Wastemanagementandutilization. IX