AUTHOR INDEX McQuay, M.Q. 355 Melling, A. 165 Miyamae, S. 523 Bieber, J | l NowokJ,. W . 513 Black, D. | Peirano, E. 259 Pratsinis, S. E. 197 Rigby, J.R. 355 Ruth, L. A. 545 Smoot, L. D. 385, 409 Summers, T. 89 Grabosk1 1 Gupta, R. P. 345, 523 Tree, D. R. 355 Gupta, S 345 Tsumita, Y. 523 Hanson, S. P. 503 Wall, T. F. 345, 523 6 Webb, B. W. 355 Weclas, M. 165 Wigley, F. 337 Williamson, J. 337 Wooldridge, M.S. 63 Zhao, H AUTHOR INDEX McQuay, M.Q. 355 Melling, A. 165 Miyamae, S. 523 Bieber, J | l NowokJ,. W . 513 Black, D. | Peirano, E. 259 Pratsinis, S. E. 197 Rigby, J.R. 355 Ruth, L. A. 545 Smoot, L. D. 385, 409 Summers, T. 89 Grabosk1 1 Gupta, R. P. 345, 523 Tree, D. R. 355 Gupta, S 345 Tsumita, Y. 523 Hanson, S. P. 503 Wall, T. F. 345, 523 6 Webb, B. W. 355 Weclas, M. 165 Wigley, F. 337 Williamson, J. 337 Wooldridge, M.S. 63 Zhao, H KEYWORD INDEX advanced explosives | light extinction 221 advanced propellants | advanced reburning 385 measurements ash deposition probes 503 mixing 31] autoignition 565 mixture formation 297 modeling 355 char 355 municipal solid waste 545 circulating fluidized bed coal combustion : nitric oxide 385 coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy nitrogen oxides 31] combustion modeling 385 NO.. reduction 385 diesel combustion 221 optical diagnostics 221, 297 droplet ignition 565 pollutant limitation 31 emissions 89, 355, 545 processing techniques engine 89 explosive characteristics Raman scattering 297 Rayleigh scattering 297 fluidized bed combustion reburning 385 furnace ash deposits 503 recent trends | reduction 31] global model 385 slagging 503 heat absorption 503 SO, capture 31 heat transfer 355 soot 221 high-energy materials soot blowing 503 hydrocarbon 89 spray 297 spray ignition 565 incineration 545 steady/unsteady flow 165 inlet valve gap 165 instrumentation 89 temperature 355 internal combustion engine turbulent gas—solid flows two-colour method 221 laser induced incandescenc LIF 297 U.S. DOE programs 545 SUBJECT INDEX SOF 160 specific gravity 134 Advanced Combustion Engineering Research stability 137-139 Center storage 137-139 ACIRL test surface tension 137 Activation energy 519-521 viscosity 137 ADPs see ash deposition probes water absorption 139 Combustion Engineering Research Center (ACERC) Biomass, co-firing 471 2,6-Bis(picrylamino)-3,5-dinitropyridine (PY X) 6 Black liquor 478 ee ash fusion temperatures Boilers ( 123 484, 489 burner research 470-471 industrial retrofit 455-456 IVD research 461 Boundary conditions 286-288 14, 305-313 Brigham Young University (BYU) 355-381 ynthesis 212 Broad range growth models 80-83 EPRI boiler modeling Burner Ciub (CBPE) 457 1161 Burners thermal stability 2 combustion modeling 476-477 IFRF research 470-471 low NO., 455 BYU see Brigham Young University Cage compounds 12-15 Calcium, CFB 37 Calibration position indices FFID 103-105 s in coal 523-542 LIF 317-318 I rent 525 LI 250 TPGFLRC research 431 SRS 310-311 peratures 513-52! two-colour method 226 97 CARS see Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy Casting, explosives 24 Catalytic reduction of NO,. 455 CCSEM see computer controlled scanning electron microscopy volume enclosure 583 Cement kilns 472 flow injected sprays 583-585 Center of Heat and Mass Transfer in Radiating and Combusting s 581-590 Systems (CRCS) 419--427 vs 585—587 Ceramic powders 197-216 ind computational studies 587-590 Cetane number 131-132~ efficient (AC) 536 CFB see circulating fluidized beds Char particles burning model 536 mineral matter diffusion 539-540 temperature 536 Char/coal blends, NO. 368-369 umber 131-132 Chemistry | composition 129 gas-phase 84-85 gaseous emission components 477-478 ‘irculating fluidized beds (CFB) fluid dynamics 39-43 SKLECCC research 488-489 turbulent gas—solid flows 259-294 ‘losure models 274-2 ‘o-firing, MSW, coal and biomass 471, 560-561 ‘oal CCSEM 526-529 characterization 436-437, 470 iodine number combustion lubricity 143, 146 ash utilization and disposal 560 microbial activity 139 co-firing with MSW 560-561 NO... emissions 156-159 combustion equipment 548-549 xidative stability 138-139 computer codes 553 PAH 160-161 emissions 553-560 moke opacity 159-160 environmental concerns, CSIRO research 444-445 SUBJECT INDEX international research centers 409-492 Combusting Systems MSW comparison 545-563 CSIRO see Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research physical models 553 Organisation processes 55]-—553 CSIRO test 346-347 composition 550 CWSF see coal-water slurry fuel heating values 550 matter reactions 437-438 Data analysis, two-colour method 227—228 micronized 453 Deposition indices mineral matter 524 based on raw CCSEM data 529-536 pulverized based on thermodynamic calculations 536 ash generation processes 338 comparison with experimental data 540 CCSEM analysis 337-343 conventional 525-526 co-firing with biomass and MSW 471 3,3'-Diamino-2,2',4,4’,6,6'-hexanitrodipheny! (DIPAM) 5 coalescence 338, 341 Diesel engines combustion 2-D soot imaging 250-253 CPR 361-365, 369 379 biodiesel combustion 125-162 CRCS 423-427 FFID exhaust measurements 121-12 research 486-488 light extinction 237-244 fly-ash modeling 337-343 soot and temperature measurement 221 swirl-stabilized flames 469-470 two-colour method application 233-235 Coal Research and Development Program 561-562 Diesel spray visualization 327-328 Coal-water DINGU see dinitroglycoluril benefication 430 4,4'-Dinitro-3,3’-bifurazan (DNBF) 15, 17 slurry fuel (CWSF) 450-453 Dinitroglycoluril (DINGU) 21 Coalescence, pulverized coal 338, 341 DIPAM see 3,3’-Diamino-2,2',4,4’,6,6'-hexanitrodipheny] Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) 366, 368 2,5-Dipicryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (DPO) 6 Collisional rate of change 265-266 Direct fuel/air ratio measurement from LIF (FARLIF) Combustion-ESP pilot plant 503-505 321-322 Combustors, fluidized beds 33-35 Discharge coefficient, valve gap 177-178 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation DNBF see 4,4'-Dinitro-3,3 bifurazan (CSIRO) 439-445 Dopants, LIF 315 Computational modeling, spray ignition 591-594 DPO see 2,5-Dipicry]-1,3,4-oxadiazole Computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) Droplet size, spray ignition 574-577 coal ash deposition 523-542 Dual Wavelength Laser Extinction/Absorption (LEA) technique coal test data 527 529 330-333 data limitations 342 Durability studies, biodiesel 142-143 pulverized coal 337-343 Dynamometer studies 147—156 technique 526-527 Condensation Early time particle growth models 83 FFID problems 102-103 Education program pulverized coal 338 ACERC 417-418 Continuous phase fluctuations 281-285 CRC-NTPGFLRC 433 boundary conditions 286 Elastomer compatibility, biodiesel 143 low Reynold’s number k i-¢; models 284-285 Electrical resistance, AFT 349 model choice 282 Emissions second-order velocity moment transport equation 282-283 see also NO,: SO two-equation model (k,—¢,) 283-284 coal combustion 553-560 two-way coupling 281-282 diesel engines 146-161 Controlled profile reactor (CPR) FBC 54-56 CARS temperature measurement 366, 368 gaseous chemistry 477-478 combustion experiments 356-369 greenhouse gases 445 description 357-359 hydrocarbons from exhaust 118-119 experimental measurements 355-381 MSW 553-560 gas temperature 374 PAH 160-161 heat fluxes 375-376 particulates 458, 559-560 instrumentation 359-360 regulations 146-147 natural gas combustion 360-361 trace elements 445, 557 559 particle-cloud temperature 374-37 trace organic compounds 556-557 particles 376, 377-379 Energetic binders 17-20 pulverized coal combustion 361-365, Energy species concentrations 377—379 equation 268 transmission 37 MSW/coal comparison 545-563 Cooperative Research Centre for Black Coal Utilization (CRC- Energy and Environmental Research Center (EERC) 445-450 BCU) 433-439 Energy Institute (Penn State) 450-456 Cooperative Research Centre for New Technologies for Power Engines Generation from Low-Rank Coal (CRC-NTPGFLRC) see also diesel engines; internal combustion engines 427-433 endurance 142-146 CPR see controlled profile reactor flow simulators 168-169 CRC-BCU see Cooperative Research Centre for Black Coal heads 170 Utilization non-steady flow test rig 171-172, 184-186 CRC-NTPGFLRC see Cooperative Research Centre for New performance 140-146 Technologies for Power Generation from Low-Rank Coal spark ignition 116-121, 318-321, 328-330 CRCS see Center of Heat and Mass Transfer in Radiating and steady flow test rig 170-171, 177-184 SUBJECT INDEX Environmental concerns Flame ionisation detector (FID) see also emissions detector characteristics 90-91 air pollution and quality 462 fast-response 89-122 coal combustion 444-445 oxygen interference 92-93 CRC-BCU research 438 variable responses 91-92 greenhouse gases 445 Flame temperature, two-colour measurement 222-223, pollutant formation and control 483-484, 489 228-233 sorbent injection 454-455 Flow properties, biodiesel 135-137 toxic heavy metals 483-484 Flow rate, IC engine 172 Equilibrium calculations 537-538 Flow reference area, valve gap 177-178 Equivalence ratio 574-577 Flow separation in IC engines 165-193 Eulerian model 274 5 engine flow simulators 168-169 Eutectic temperature 535 engine heads 170 Evaporation, fuel sprays fixed valve offset 178-182 Excess air, FBC 37 influencing factors 190-193 Excluded minerals 538 measurement techniques 172-176 Exhaust gases non-steady flow test rig 171-172, 184-186 diesel 1 engin. es 125 ]—1229 steady flow test rig 170-171, 177-184 SI engines 116-121 valve gap analysis 176-190 utilization 471 variable valve offset 182-183 Explosives Flow simulators, engines 168-169 energetic binders 17-20 Flow visualisation, oil streak technique 172, 174 heat-resistant 2i Flowing two-phase mixtures, ignition 571-574 high-performance 7-15 Fluid dynamics, FBC 39-46 insensitive high (IHES) 20 Fluid—particle fluctuations melt-castable 15—17 closure models 274-277 nitrogen pentoxide synthesis 23-2 drift velocity 280 processing techniques 24—25 Maxwell—Boltzmann type equation 278-280 xternal source spray ignition 5 transport equations 277-281, 282-283 droplet size 57744--55 77 velocity correlation tensor 280-281 equivalence ratio 574-577 Fluidized bed combustion (FBC) flowing two-phase mixtures 5 574 see also circulating fluidized bed (CFB) multicomponent fuel sprays applications 32-39 quiescent two-phase mixture combustion 39-46 versus spontaneous ignition 5 combustors 33-35 Extinction see light extinction emission reduction 54-56 fluid dynamics 39-46 FARLIF see fuel/air ratio me international research 422-423, 431-432, 454, 485, 488-489 Fast-response flame ionisation detector (FFID mixing 31-57 automotive development 93 NO 54-56 calibration 103-105 NO. 51-54 C -ondensation problems 102 103 pollutant limitation 31-57 diesel exhaust measurements 121 SO, capture 46-51 ideal behaviour deviation 94-96 Fly ash in-cylinder sampling 106-108, 116 CCSEM modeling 337-343 intake flow measurements 108 coal minerals comparison 338-339 operation 93-94 environmental concerns 444 sins 93 generation processes 338 performance 96-101 Fouling, coal ash fusion temperatures 345-352 pressure fluctuation isolation 101-102 Four-stroke engines 152-156, 165-193 SI engine exhaust measurements 116 see also diesel engines; internal combustion engines; spark signal compe! ignition engines typical settir Fuel working see also spray ignition atomization characterization 322-333 Fat based f iels 125 Fatty acid ester fuels see biodiesel biodiesel combustion 125-162 FBC see fluidized bed combustion coal-water slurry 450-453 FFID see fast-response flame ionisatior concentration measurements 298-322, 300-305 Fibre optic laser-Doppler anemometer droplet concentration 323-330, 330-333 Fines 540-541 economy, biodiesel effect 140-141 Flame aerosol technology FBC 38-39 lubricity 143, 146 solid fuel mixing 43-44 sprays 332-333, 577-580 fundamental standard, biodiesel 139-140 historic vapour concentration 323-330, 330-333 nanocomposite ceramic powder synthesis 214-215 vapourization, characterization 322-333 non-oxide ceramic powder synthesis 215 Fumed silica, synthesis 208-211 particle growth 205-206 Furnaces : particle morphology 206-208 combustion modeling 476-477 process description 204-205 water-wall slag deposition testing 503-510 SiO> synthesis 208-211 Fusion 338, 349-351 TiO synthesis 211-212 see also ash fusion temperatures SUBJECT INDEX GAP see glycidyl azide polymer lodine number 138 Gas [ron industry 472 see also natural gas IVD see Institute of Process Engineering and Power Plant mixing 44-46 Technology reburn composition 400-401 temperature, CPR 374 Kinetic theory 264-274 tri-cogeneration with heat and power 489 KL factor, soot concentration 223-224 Gas-phase chemistry 84-85 Gas-phase combustion synthesis 63-85 Laser Extinction/Absorption (LEA) technique electric field effects 77-78 evaporating fuel sprays 332-333 experimental investigations 64-80 IC engine application 332-333 mixed-oxide system 78-80 implementation 331-333 modeling 80-85 principle 330-331 non-oxide systems 66, 74-75 Laser Induced Exciplex Fluorescence (LIEF) single oxide systems 75-77 diesel spray visualisation 327-328 Gas-—solid flows fuel vapour concentration 324-327 see also turbulent gas—solid flows PLIEF 324, 328-330 classification 264 principle 323-324 Gasification 430, 442-444 Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) Glass-melting furnaces 472-473 calibration 317-318 Glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) 18 dopant selection 315 Grad’s theory 268-269 fuel concentration measurement 313-32 Granular flow 264-274 IC engine application 315 Greenhouse gases 445 image processing 317-318 Gum number 138-139 PLIF 315, 317, 318-321 principle 313-315 Harwell (AEA) Combustion Centre (HCC) 456-458 Laser induced incandescence (LII) 244-250 Harwell Coal Combustion Programme (HCCP) 458 Laser Rayleigh scattering (LRS) Heat of combustion, biodiesel 134-135 background light minimization 302 Heat fluxes, CPR 371 299 3«272756 -376 fuel concentration measurements 300-305 Heat transfer, FBC 35-36 IC engine application 302-305 Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Service (HTFS) 457 implementation 302 Heat-resistant explosives 2 principle 300-301 Heating values, coal and MSW 550-551 Laser-Doppler anemometer 174-176 Heavy metals 483-484 LEA see Laser Extinction/Absorption technique High performance explosives 7-15 LIEKKI Combustion and Gasification Research Program High-energy materials 1-25 474-479 HRL test 346 Light extinction HTFS see Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Service diesel engine application 237-244 Hydrocarbons 115-116, 118-119 implementation 236-233277 principles 235-236 IC engines see internal combustion engines Light scattering, soot diagnostics 235-244 Ideal behaviour, FFID 94—96 LII see laser induced incandescence IFRF see International Flame Research Foundation Linear theory (Jenkins and Richman) 269 Ignition Liquid fuel sprays, autoignition 581-590 see also spray ignition Low NO. burners 455 flowing two-phase mixtures 571-574 Low Reynold’s number k,;—c, models 284 multicomponent fuel sprays 577-580 quiescent two-phase mixtures 568-571 Mathematical simulation models 473 IHES see insensitive high explosives Maxwell—Boltzmann equation 265, 278-280 In-cylinder measurements Melt casting 24 FFID 106-108, 111-116 Melt phase 541 optical diagnostics 9 221 Melt-castable explosives 15-17 Incineration, MSW 5 45 Methyl] Tris-X 15 Included minerals 538-539 Microbial activity, biodiesel 139 Incremental pressing, explosives 25 Micronized coal 453 Indices, ash deposition 525-526, 529-541 MIDCOM see multidimensional diagnostic imaging for Injection velocity, reburning 403-404 combustion Inlet valves, flow separation in IC engines 165-193 Mineral—mineral associations 339-340 Insensitive high explosives (IHES) 20-22 Minerals Institute of Process Engineering and Power Plant Technology ash viscosity 533-535 (IVD) 458-463 coal 524-525 Intake flow measurements, FFID 108-111 eutectic temperature 535-536 Internal combustion (IC) engines excluded 538 fuel vapour concentration measurement 298 included 538-539 in-cylinder optical diagnostics 297-335 oxides in ash 530-533 inlet valve flow separation 165-193 PSD 524, 529 reactions 438 Mixed-oxide system, gas-phase combustion synthesis 78-80 mixture formation measurements 297-335 Mixing, fluidized bed combustion 31—57 SRS 311-313 Mixture formation measurements, IC engines 297-335 International Flame Research Foundation (IFRF) 463-474 Multicomponent fuel sprays 577-580 SUBJECT INDEX Multidimensional diagnc stic imaging for combustion Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) 315, 317, 318-321 MIDCOM) 458 PNPs see polynitropolyphenylenes Municipal solid waste (MSW) 545 Pollutants composition 550-551 see also environmental concerns values 550-551 formation and control 483-484, 489 limitation, FBC 31-57 ash utilization and disposal 560 Poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) 160-161 co-firing 4 1, 560-561 Polydisperse suspensions 292-293 emissions 553—560 Poly(GLYN) 20 equipment 549-550 Poly(NIMMO) 19-20 process 551-553 Polynitropolyphenylenes (PNPs) 17-18 R&D priorities 562 Power, gas and heat tri-cogeneration 489 Municipal Waste Program 562 Pressure drop 35, 172 N~-.N*.N°-tripicrylmelamine (TPM) 5 FBC 38 NO 54 fluctuation isolation, FFID 101-102 Nanocomposite ceramic powders 214-215 spray ignition effects 597 National Coal Combustion Laboratory (NCCL) 480-486 Process engineering 461-462 Natural Propellants, energetic binders 17-20 CPR combustion 360-361 Pulverized coal firing for ash generation processes 338 flame scaling CCSEM analysis 337-343 NCCL see National Coal Combu co-firing with biomass and MSW 471 Nitrated HTPB 18-19 coalescence 338, 341 Nitrogen pentoxide 23-24 combustion Nitrotriazolone (NTO) 21 CPR 361-365, 369-379 Non-oxide ceramics 66, 74—75, 21 CRCS 423-427 2,2',2",4,4',4".6,6',6"-Nonanitroterphenyl (NONA) 6-7 research 486-488 NO.. emissions fly-ash modeling 337-343 biodiesel 156—159 swirl-stabilized flames 469-470 biomass-based material reduction 455 Pyrolysis, CSIRO research 440-442 catalytic reduction 455 PYX see 2,6-Bis(picrylamino)-3,5-dinitropyridine char/coal blends 36) 8-369 al combustion 555-556 Quiescent two-phase mixtures, ignition 568-571 ontrol through reburning 385-405 CSIRO research 445 Radial distribution function 272-273 de-NO.. 484 Radial velocity gradient 186-190 truction 392 398, 484 Reburning FBC 51-54 injection velocity 403-404 formation 392-398, 484 measurements 389-392 low NO, burners 455 mechanisms 392-394 MSW incineration 555-556 model applications 398-405 NTO see nitrotriazolone NO. control 385-405 particle size 400 Jil streak technique, flow visualisation 17 predictive methods 394-398 INTA see oxynitrotriazole rates 392-394 Yptical diagnostics reaction parameters 399-400 CPR temperature measurements 366 reburn gas composition 400-401 mixture formation measurements 297 technologies 386-389 soot and temperature measurements 22 Regulations, diesel emissions 146-147 Oxidative stability, biodiesel 138-139 Research centers, international 409-492 Oxides, ash deposition 530-533 Residence time, FBC 37 Oxidized coal 453-454 Residual gas fraction, in-cylinder measurement | 14 Oxygen, FID interference 92 Oxynitrotriazole (ONTA) 21 Salt formation, thermal stability : Scaling 468-470 PAH see poly-aromatic hydrocarbons Scattering see light scattering Pair distribution function 267 SF; 11 Particle-cloud temperature, CPR 374-375 Shock tube sprays, autoignition 585-587 Particles Shrinkage, AFT 347-351 behaviour research 478 Signal-to-noise ratio, SRS 309-310 burnout, CPR 377-379 Silica see SiO counter size velocimeter (PCSV) probe 372 Single oxide systems, synthesis 75-77 sintering, ash deposits 516-519 SiO>, flame aerosol synthesis 208-211 size, reburning 400 SKLECCC see State Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean size distribution (PSD) 524, 529 Combustion of Coal sticking, ash deposits 514-515 Slag deposition 503-510 synthesis, gas-phase combustion 63-85 Slagging, coal ash fusion temperatures 345-352 Particulate emissions 458, 559-560 Smoke opacity, biodiesel 159-160 PCSV see particle counter size velocimeter SO, capture, FBC 46-51 Piston engines see internal combustion (IC) engines SOF see soluble organic function Planar Laser Induced Exciplex Fluorescence (PLIEF) 324, Solid fuel mixing 43-44 328-330 Solid-state cameras, temperature measurement 232-233 SUBJECT INDEX Soluble organic function (SOF) 160 TNAD see trans-1,4,5,8-tetranitro- | ,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin Soot diagnostics TNAZ see 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine 2-D imaging 244-253 Toxic heavy metals 483-484 light scattering 235-244 TPM see N7,.N*,N ®-tripicrylmelamine (TPM) optical techniques 221-254 Trace elements 445, 557-559 particle sizing 240-244, 250 Trace organic compounds 556-557 two-colour method 223-224, 228-233 Tr1a, 4,n5,8-stetr-anit ro- 1 ,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin (TNAD) 2 ]| SO Transit time, FFID 96—99 CSIRO research 445 Transmission, CPR 373-374, 377 7 de-SO, 484 Transport equations 267-268, 277-281 SO, capture 46-51 Tri-cogeneration, gas, heat and power 489 Spark ignition (SI) engines 116-121, 318-32 Triazole ring condensation, thermal stability 3 Species concentrations, CPR 377-379 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine (TNAZ) 15 Specific gravity, biodiesel 134 Tris-X 15 Spontaneous ignition 590-591 2,4,6-Tris(picvylamino)-1,3,5-triazine explosives 5 Spontaneous Raman Scattering (SRS) Turbine exhaust gas utilization 471 air/fuel ratio measurement 305-313 Turbulent gas—solid flows 259-294 background radiation 309-310 boundary conditions 286-288 calibration 310-311 CFB combustor application data analysis 310-311 continuity equation 267 IC engine application 311 continuous phase fluctuations 281-285 implementation 307, 309 discrete phase fluctuations 285-286 principle 305-307 fluid—particle flu | tUdtit o/t—20l signal-to-noise ratio 309-3 Nn applica spray ignition 565-599 autoignition 581-590 fulness 2 computational modeling 591-594 . perse susp dominant modes 594-595 wo-colour method 22 equivalence ratio 574-577 accuracy 228 external source 567-580 calibration 226 future resear data analysis 227-228 optimum d diesel engine application pressure film imaging 228-232 State Key Labi flame temperature measurement 222 >> Coal (SKLI full-field temperature measurement 232 Steel industry implementation 224-228 Suction pyrome KL factor and soot concer itration Surface tension, biod a selection 224 Swirl-stabilized wavelength selection 224—226 Two-dimensional soot imaging 24 TACOT see tetra ['wo-equation model (k; rangential boilers 4 ines 147 Pchen’s theory Temperature viodiesel 134, il ash dep >velopment 513 inalysis eutectic 535- i} 338 FBC 37 biodiesel neasurement 221-254, 366, 368 phase diagrams 528-529 o dibenzo-1,3a,4,4a-tetraazapentalene mally stable explosives 2—7 W all-fire istant, FFID 99-101 Waste see municipal solid waste (MSW) ales 263-264 Water absorption, | Ts 39 )5, flame aerosol synthesis 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