SUBJECT INDEX aerodynamics separation control 171-234 forebody vortex control 171-234 buffeting see unsteady aerodynamics unsteady scale effects 273-321 centrifugal forces, Gértler instability 235-271 vortex lift enhancement 73-131 combat aircraft 133-170 aerofoils cryogenic wind tunnels 133, 137, 160 delta wing 93-95, 119-121 free-streamline 76-77 Eidetics International Inc. 176, 183-190, 199-216, Kasper wing 80-82 225-227 RAE 9615 296-300 EUROCONTROL 346-347, 355, 359 unsteady aerodynamics 274-319 vortex lift 76-85 fighter aircraft, forebody vortex control 171-234 Air Traffic Control Flight Information Regions 325 automation 334-335, 345-355, 350-359, 365 Flight Management Systems 325, 331-334 capacity 336-341, 347-348, 353, 365 flow visualisation communication systems 328-329, 343-344, Gortler instability 238-246, 253-258 348-350 vortex lift 79-85 conflict detection 335, 352-353 flutter see unsteady aerodynamics costs 343, 344, 360-364 forebody vortex control 171-234 flight efficiency 336, 341-343, 345, 347-348, jet blowing 174-176, 190-216, 228, 230-233 350-355 fighter configuration 199-216 flow control 337-341, 342, 350, 353, 355-360 vortex wake 195-196, 198-199 future systems 345-355 water tunnel tests 190, 192-193, 211-216 Air Traffic Management 345-365 wind tunnel tests 190-192, 193-211 integrated concept 345-355, 359, 365 movable strakes 174-190 ground system functions 327, 328, 329, asymmetric strakes 187-190 343-344, 345-346, 350-354 fighter configuration 184-186 helicopters 326 fuselage 176-182 navigation systems 328-331, 331-334, 344, symmetric strakes 186-187, 189-190, 203-211 348-350 trapezoidal wing 181-183 present systems 325-345 wind tunnel tests 176-190 components 343-345 surface holes 174-176, 219-225, 228-229, Flight Management Systems 325, 331-334 230-233 Instrument Flight Rules 328 transition strips 223-225 metering 337, 342 wind tunnel tests 219-225 sequencing 339-341, 342 surface slots 174-176, 216-219, 228-233 shortcomings 336-345 water tunnel tests 216-219 Visual Flight Rules 328 tip strakes 225-227, 228, 230-233 separation 328, 338-341, 350 water tunnel tests 225-227 surveillance systems 328-329, 331, 344, 348-350 yawing moment 171-234 trajectories 335, 341-342, 352-353 air traffic management, terminal area 323-368 Global Navigation Satellite Systems 348-349 Air Traffic Control 325-345 GOortler instability, boundary layers 235-271 arrival assistance tools 355-360 buoyancy forces 264-265 communications systems 348-350, 351-354 heat transfer effects 264-266 data links 325, 345-346, 348, 365 inviscid theory 237 navigation systems 325, 348-350 linear disturbance 238-253, 265 satellite technology 348-350 flow visualisation 238-246, 266 surveillance systems 348-350, 351-355 theory 246-253 trajectories 325, 352-353, 360-365 nonlinear disturbance 253-262, 265 aircraft, forebody vortex control 171-234 flow visualisation 253-258 Apollo mission 9 secondary instabilities 256-266 attitude control thruster 1, 57 theory 258-262 Tollmein-Schlichting waves 261-262 boundary layers turbulent boundary layers 262-264, 266 Gortler instability 235-271 plume flow 15-20, 24, 30, 66 heat transfer plume impingement 36-37 Gortler instability 264-266 scale effects in unsteady aerodynamics 273-321 plume impingement 45-52, 59, 65, 66-67 vi Subject Index helicopters traffic management see air traffic management air traffic control 326 trajectories vortex lift 123 Air Traffic Control 335, 341-342, 352-353 air traffic management 325, 352-353, 360-365 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 325, 327, 347 unsteady aerodynamics, scale effects 273-321 boundary layer transition 275-280, 292-319 Kasper wing 80-82 buffeting 280-292, 303-308, 319 onset 281-287, 303-305, 318 lift see vortex lift severity 287-292 dynamic stalling 296-303, 315-316, 318 NASA flutter 315-316, 319 Ames Researech Center 190, 194-199 hinge moments 313-315 Langley Research Center 79-80, 176-190 periodic flows 292-296 Northrop Corporation 190-194 pitching tests 296-318 nozzles pressure measurements 303-312 forebody vortex control 190-216 stability derivatives 316-318 rocket thrusters subsonic speeds 282-284, 286-287, 303, plume flow and impingement 1-71 309-310 shape 8 transonic speeds 282-284, 286-287, 292-318 vortex lift enhancement 73-131 ONERA 80 water tunnel tests 300-303 wind tunnel tests 274-319 plumes US Air Force 176, 183-190 flow 1-71 vortex lift, unsteady excitation 73-131 back flow 23-24, 66 characteristics calculations 12-22, 66 acoustic effects 77, 97-102, 105—108, 111-112, condensation 24-25, 58 123 far field modelling 12-15 attached flow 74-75 flow fields 12-13, 59, 66 delta wing 93-95, 119-121 interference regimes 52-56 detached vortex flow 74-77, 80-85, 122-123 mass separation 23, 56 flame stabiliser 82-83 measurement techniques 56-65 flame structure 103-104 near field modelling 25-33 flow visualisation 79-85 nozzle flow 25-33, 56-57 free-streamline aerofoil 76-77 Kasper wing 80-82 rarefaction effects 21-23, 52, 58-59, 66-67 post-stall angle of attack 75-88 stagnation 12, 20, 26, 53-54 streaming 105-112, 115-117, 122-123 impingement 1-71 acoustic streaming 105-108, 111 flow characteristics 33-37 vortical streaming 108-112 heat transfer 45-52, 59, 65, 66-67 swept wings 125-126 measurement techniques 56-65 pressure forces 37-45, 56, 66 theoretical modelling 85-87 vortex breakdown 84-85 shock structure 34-37, 54, 57-59, 66 space manoeuvres 9-11, 52 vortex layer evolution 88-112 rolled-up layers 90-95, 112, 119-126 interaction 52-56, 67 straight layers 89-91, 119 measurement techniques 59, 61 vortex shedding 88-112, 96-105, 126 water tunnel tests 80 RAE 139, 144-162 wave-vortex interaction theory 112-122 aerofoil 9615 296-300 numerical methods 117-122, 126 High Incidence Research Model 219-225 wave-mean flow 115-117 Model 2209 135-136, 144-162 wave-—vortex resonance 96-105, 122 rocket thrusters internal resonance 96 geostationary orbit satellite 5-6 sound—vortex resonance 97-101, 112 plume flow and impingement 1-71 vortex—vortex resonance 101-105 propellants 6-7, 9 wind tunnel tests 76-85 vortices see also vortex lift Saab Scania, wind tunnel model 79-80 forebody vortex control 171-234 satellite technology Gortler instability 235-271 air traffic management 348-350 sting supported wind tunnel models 167-170 rocket thrusters 1-9 unsteady excitation 73-131 scale effects, unsteady aerodynamics 273-321 space technology, plume flow and water tunnel models impingement 1-71 forebody vortex control 174-175 super lift see vortex lift jet blowing 190, 192-193, 211-216 swept wings surface slots 216-219 vortex lift enhancement 125-126 tip strakes 225-227 wind tunnel models 133-170 scale effects in unsteady aerodynamics 300-303 vortex lift 80 terminals see air traffic management wind tunnel models Tollmein-Schlichting waves 261-262 combat aircraft 133-170 Subject Index cryogenic facilities 133, 137, 160 bending 133, 154-157, 161, 165-166 forebody vortex control body vortices 167-170 jet blowing 190-192, 193-211 bump stops 133, 135, 140-141, 156-157, 162 movable strakes 176-190 damping 133, 13 5, 139-144, 150-162, surface holes 219-225 163-170 RAE Model 2209 135-136, 144-162 quadrant traverse rate 142-144 rigid body response 133-170 separated flows 137-139 Saab Scania’s model 79-80 stability 137-144 scale effects 134-170, 274-319 yawing 133, 155-157 unsteady aerodynamics 274-319 swept wing model 133-170 sting supported 133-170 vortex lift 76-85 attached flows 137 PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY BPCC WHEATONS LTD, EXETER