National Institute on Drug Abuse Problems of Drug Dependence 2002: Proceedings of the 64th Annual Scientific Meeting Problems of Drug Dependence, 2002: Proceedings of the 64th Annual Scientific Meeting, The College on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc. Co-Editors: William L. Dewey, Ph.D. Virginia Commonwealth University and Louis S. Harris, Ph.D. Virginia Commonwealth University NIDA Research Monograph 183 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute on Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard Bethesda, MD 20892 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The College on Problems ofDrug Dependence, Inc., an independent, nonprofit organization conducts drug testing and evaluations for academic institutions, government, and industry. This monograph is based on papers or presentations from the 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting ofthe CPDD, held in Quebec City, Canada, June 8-13, 2002. In the interest ofrapid dissemination, it is published by the National Institute on Drug Abuse in its Research Monograph series as reviewed and submitted by the CPDD. Dr. William L. Dewey, Department ofPharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University was the editor ofthis monograph. COPYRIGHT STATUS The National Institute on Drug Abuse has obtained permission from the copyright holders to reproduce certain previously published materials as noted in the text. Further reproduction ofthis copyrighted material is permitted only as part ofa reprinting ofthe entire publication or chapter. For any other use, the copyright holder’s permission is required. All other material in this volume except quoted passages from copyrighted sources is in the public domain and may be used or reproduced without permission from the Institute or the authors. Citation ofthe source is appreciated. Opinions expressed in this volume are those ofthe authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or official policy ofthe National Institute on Drug Abuse or any other part of the Department ofHealth and Human Services. The U.S. Government does not endorse or favor any specific commercial product or company. Trade, proprietary, or company names appearing in this publication are used only because they are considered essential in the context ofthe studies reported herein. NIH Publication No. 03-5339 Printed April 2003 NIDA Research Monographs are indexed in the Index Medicus. They are selectively included in the coverage ofAmerican Statistics Index, BioSciences Information So^vice, ChemicalAbstracts, Current Contents, PsychologicalAbstracts, and PsychopharmacologyAbstracts. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Ph.D., President Lisa H. Gold, Ph.D . Louis S. Harris, Ph.D., President-Elect Stephen T. Higgins, Ph.D Charles R. Schuster, Ph.D., Past-President Martin Y. Iguchi, Ph.D. Huda Akil, Ph.D. Chris-Ellyn Johanson, Ph.D. F. Ivy Carroll, Ph.D. Bertha K. Madras, Ph.D. Kathryn A. Cunningham, Ph.D. Kenzie L. Preston, Ph.D. Samuel A. Deadwyler, Ph.D. James L. Sorensen, Ph.D. Margaret E. Ensminger, Ph.D. George E. Woody, M.D. Nicholas E. Goeders, Ph.D. Curtis Wright, M.D., M.P.H. EXECUTIVE OFFICER Martin W. Adler, Ph.D. SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM COMMITTEE Scott Lukas, Ph.D., Chair Martin W. Adler, Ph.D., ex ojficio Jean M. Bidlack, Ph.D. Howard Chilcoat, Ph.D. Richard Foltin, Ph.D. Ellen B. Geller, M.A. Stephen J. Heishman, Ph.D. Martin Y. Iguchi, Ph.D. Sari Izenwasser, Ph.D. Mary Jeanne Kreek, M.D. Perry Renshaw, Ph.D. Richard Schottenfeld, Ph.D. Sharon L. Walsh, Ph.D. Ill The following organizations have generously supported the work ofthe College on Problems ofDrug Dependence during the past year: Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre Pfizer Reckitt Colman IV TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OF THE NATHAN B. EDDY MEMORIAL AWARD RECIPIENT E. L. Way 1-2 NATHAN EDDY MEMORIAL AWARD LECTURE B. H. H. Loh 3-12 INTRODUCTION OF THE MARIAN W. FISCHMAN MEMORIAL AWARD H. Kleber 13-16 MARIAN W. FISCHMAN: RESEARCH LEGACY C.E. Johanson 17-23 SYMPOSIA SYMPOSIUM I DOPAMINE THE ANSWER? EVIDENCE FOR THE IMPORTANCE OF IS OTHER SYSTEMS IN THE REINFORCING/NEUROCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF PSYCHOSTIMULANTS 5. Izenwasserand Y. Itzhak, Chairpersons 24-29 SYMPOSIUM II SUBSTANCE ABUSE, IMMUNOMODULATION AND INFECTIONS H. Eriedman and T. K. Eisenstein, Chairpersons 30-39 SYMPOSIUM III SYMPOSIUM WHAT ARE THEY THINKING? THE MEDIATING III: ROLE OF PARENTAL COGNITIONS IN THE PARENTING PROCESSES OF DRUG-DEPENDENT MOTHERS AND FATHERS N. E. Suchman and T. J. McMahon, Chairpersons 40-49 SYMPOSIUM IV DRUG REWARD IN HUMANS: WHAT DOES DOPAMINE DO? Harrietde Wit, Chairperson 50-58 SYMPOSIUM V MEDICAL CONSEQUENCES OF PROBLEMS OF DRUG DEPENDENCE D. J. JonesandS. Genser, Chairpersons 59-69 SYMPOSIUM VI UNDERSTANDING THE ABUSE-RELEVANT EFFECTS OF DRUGS: STUDIES BY YOUNG INVESTIGATORS P.W. CzotyandK.M. Wilcox, Chairpersons 70-76 SYMPOSIUM VIII PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE: WHAT DO WE KNOW? S. SchnollandE. Sapienza, Chairpersons 77-86 V SYMPOSIUM IX COCAINE ADDICTION: TO THE AMYGDALA AND BEYOND K. M. KantakandF. Weiss, Chairpersons 87-95 SYMPOSIUM X LONGITUDINAL STUDIES OF PATHWAYS TO DRUG ABUSE: CURRENT STATUS, EMERGING FINDINGS, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTION J.D. ColliverandM.D. Glantz, Chairpersons 96-104 SYMPOSIUM XI DRUGS AND CRIME R. A. Millstein andL. Erinoff, Chairpersons 105-110 SYMPOSIUM XII VIOLENCE EXPOSURE AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE W. Kliewerand D. Svikis, Chairpersons 111-119 SYMPOSIUM XIII NEUROPEPTIDERGIC RESPONSES TO PSYCHOSTIMULANTDRUGS OF ABUSE: STRATEGIES FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT R. S. RapakaandG. R. Hanson, Chairpersons 120-125 SYMPOSIUM XIV THE NEW THING: APPLYING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES TO DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT W.K. Bickeland A.T. McLellan, Chairpersons 126-133 SYMPOSIUM XV FRENCH EXPERIENCE WITH BUPRENORPHINE E.C. Strain andH.W. Clarke, Chairpersons 134-141 SYMPOSIUM XVI DRUG CHOICE: WHAT WE KNOW AND WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW S. S. Negusand W. L. Woolverton, Chairpersons 142-151 ANNUAL REPORTS BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF COMPOUNDS FOR THEIR PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE POTENTIAL AND ABUSE LIABILITY. XXVI. DRUG EVALUATION COMMITTEE OF THE COLLEGE ON PROBLEMS OF DRUG DEPENDENCE (2002) A. Coop 152-169 EVALUATION OF NEW COMPOUNDS FOR OPIOID ACTIVITY (2002) J.H. Woods, M.-C. Ko, G. Winger, C.P. France*andJ.R. Traynor 170-190 DEPENDENCE STUDIES OF NEW COMPOUNDS IN THE RHESUS MONKEY, RAT AND MOUSE (2002) M.D. Aceto, E.R. Bowman, L.S. Harris, LarryD. Hughes, B. R. KippsandE.L. May 191-227 PROGRESS REPORT FROM THE TESTING PROGRAM FOR STIMULANT AND DEPRESSANT DRUGS (2002) L.R. McMahon, C.P. France, G. Wingerand W.L. Woolverton 228-241 VI WORKSHOP NIDA MEDICATIONS DEVELOPMENT: NEW DIRECTIONS AND RESOURCES FOR MEDICINAL CHEMISTS TARGETING BIOGENIC AMINE TRANSPORTERS D. J. McCann, J. B. Acri, andA. P. Patel 242-P9 AUTHOR INDEX 250-252 SUBJECT INDEX 253-264 PLENARYSESSION Welcome Dorothy K. Hatsukami, President, CPDD Introduction to Program Scott B. Lukas, Chair, Program Committee Reportfrom the Office ofNationalDrug Control Policy Andrea G. Barthwell, Deputy Director for Demand Reduction Reportfrom National Institute on DrugAbuse Glen R. Hanson, Acting Director, NIDA Presentation ofDistinguished ServiceAwardto Alan I. Leshner Dorothy K. Hatsukami Presentation ofthe Media Awardto David Courtwright Dorothy K. Hatsukami Presentation ofthe Joseph Cochin Young InvestigatorAwardto Laura Sim-Selley Billy Martin Presentation ofthe Mentorship Awardto Conan Kornetsky Sari Izenwasser Presentation ofthe Nathan B. Eddy Awardto Horace Loh E. Leong Way Nathan B. Eddy Award Lecture Horace Loh viii