PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF Child and Adolescent Forensic Mental Health This page intentionally left blank PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF Child and Adolescent Forensic Mental Health Edited by Elissa P. Benedek, M.D. Peter Ash, M.D. Charles L. Scott, M.D. Washington, DC London, England Note: The authors have worked to ensure that all information in this book is accurate at the time of publica- tion and consistent with general psychiatric and medical standards, and that information concerning drug dos- ages, schedules, and routes of administration is accurate at the time of publication and consistent with standards set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the general medical community. As medical research and practice continue to advance, however, therapeutic standards may change. Moreover, specific situations may re- quire a specific therapeutic response not included in this book. 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American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. 1000 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22209-3901 www.appi.org Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Principles and practice of child and adolescent forensic mental health / edited by Elissa P. Benedek, Peter Ash, Charles L. Scott. — 1st ed. p. ; cm. Rev. ed. of: Principles and practice of child and adolescent forensic psychiatry / edited by Diane H. Schetky, Elissa P. Benedek. c2002. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-58562-336-5 (alk. paper) 1. Forensic psychiatry. 2. Child psychiatry. 3. Adolescent psychiatry. I. Benedek, Elissa P. II. Ash, Peter, 1947– III. Scott, Charles L., 1960– IV. Principles and practice of child and adolescent forensic psychiatry. [DNLM: 1. Forensic Psychiatry—methods. 2. Adolescent. 3. Child. W 740 P9565 2010] RA1151.P6736 2010 614′.1—dc22 2009024764 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP record is available from the British Library. To the vulnerable children and adolescents who face a complex system of justice This page intentionally left blank Contents Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii Elissa P. Benedek, M.D. Peter Ash, M.D. Charles L. Scott, M.D. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix PART I Basics Elissa P. Benedek, M.D. 01 Introduction to the Legal System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Melvin J. Guyer, J.D., Ph.D. Robert J. Levy, J.D. 02 Ethics of Child and Adolescent Forensic Psychiatry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Matthew F. Soulier, M.D. 03 Introduction to Forensic Evaluations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Diane H. Schetky, M.D. 04 Testifying: The Expert Witness in Court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Praveen Kambam, M.D. Elissa P. Benedek, M.D. 05 Special Education: Screening Tools, Rating Scales, and Self-Report Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Mary F. Spence, Ph.D. 06 Psychological Testing in Child and Adolescent Forensic Evaluations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 Charles R. Clark, Ph.D., ABPP 07 Forensic Telepsychiatry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 Tracy D. Gunter, M.D. 08 Cultural Competence in Child and Adolescent Forensic Mental Health. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 Todd S. Elwyn, J.D., M.D. Wen Shing Tseng, M.D. Daryl Matthews, M.D., Ph.D. PART II Legal Regulation of Practice Peter Ash, M.D. 09 Legal Issues in the Treatment of Minors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109 Vivek S. Sankaran, J.D. JoAnn E. Macbeth, J.D. 10 Legal Aspects of Intellectual Disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131 James C. Harris, M.D. PART III Child Custody Elissa P. Benedek, M.D. 11 Child Custody Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147 Pamela S. Ludolph, Ph.D. 12 Parenting Assessment in Abuse, Neglect, and Permanent Wardship Cases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157 Jack P. Haynes, Ph.D. 13 Children in Foster Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171 Thomas M. Horner, Ph.D. James B. Gale, M.S. 14 Adoption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183 Thomas M. Horner, Ph.D. James B. Gale, M.S. 15 Special Issues in Transcultural, Transracial, and Gay and Lesbian Parenting and Adoption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197 Frank E. Vandervort, J.D. Robert B. Sanoshy, LCSW PART IV Child Abuse Charles L. Scott, M.D. 16 Reliability and Suggestibility of Children’s Statements: From Science to Practice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217 Sarah Kulkofsky, Ph.D. Kamala London, Ph.D. 17 Interviewing Children for Suspected Sexual Abuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229 Kathleen M. Quinn, M.D. 18 Forensic Issues in Munchausen by Proxy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241 Herbert A. Schreier, M.D. Catherine C. Ayoub, R.N., Ed.D. Brenda Bursch, Ph.D.