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Pretest Emergency Medicine PDF

225 Pages·2003·0.77 MB·English
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EMERGENCY MEDICINE P T ® S -A R RE EST ELF SSESSMENT AND EVIEW NOTICE Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The editors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the editors nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the infor- mation contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not respon- sible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of such information. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the infor- mation contained in this book is accurate and that changes have not been made in the rec- ommended dose or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs. Copyright 2000 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click Here for Terms of Use. EMERGENCY MEDICINE P T ® S -A R RE EST ELF SSESSMENT AND EVIEW SECOND EDITION Kristi L. Koenig, MD, FACEP Director, Emergency Management Strategic Healthcare Group Veterans Health Administration Washington, DC M G -H C RAW ILL Health Professions Division PreTest® Series New York St. Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogotá Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto abc McGraw-Hill Copyright ©2000 by The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-138267-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-135144-2. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at [email protected] or (212) 904-4069. TERMSOFUSE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decom- pile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS”. McGRAW-HILLAND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURA- CY, ADEQUACYOR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANYINFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIAHYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLYDISCLAIM ANYWARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUTNOTLIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITYOR FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0071382674 To my mother, the wisest and most supportive person I know. This page intentionally left blank. CONTENTS Contributors ix Preface xi Administration, Ethics, and Legal Aspects Questions 1 Answers, Explanations, and References 4 Anesthesia and Analgesia Questions 7 Answers, Explanations, and References 9 Cardiologic Emergencies Questions 11 Answers, Explanations, and References 22 Dermatologic Emergencies Questions 35 Answers, Explanations, and References 37 Emergency Medical Services and Disaster Medicine Questions 39 Answers, Explanations, and References 41 Environmental Emergencies Questions 45 Answers, Explanations, and References 47 Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat, and Maxillofacial Emergencies Questions 51 Answers, Explanations, and References 59 Gastroenterologic Emergencies Questions 67 Answers, Explanations, and References 74 vii Copyright 2000 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click Here for Terms of Use. viii CONTENTS Geriatric Emergencies Questions 83 Answers, Explanations, and References 85 Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies Questions 87 Answers, Explanations, and References 91 Infectious Disease Emergencies Questions 95 Answers, Explanations, and References 101 Metabolic, Endocrinologic, and Rheumatologic Emergencies Questions 107 Answers, Explanations, and References 112 Neurologic and Psychiatric Emergencies Questions 119 Answers, Explanations, and References 123 Obstetric and Gynecologic Emergencies Questions 129 Answers, Explanations, and References 133 Orthopedic Emergencies Questions 137 Answers, Explanations, and References 141 Pediatric Emergencies Questions 145 Answers, Explanations, and References 152 Pulmonary Emergencies Questions 161 Answers, Explanations, and References 167 Renal and Urologic Emergencies Questions 175 Answers, Explanations, and References 177 Toxicologic Emergencies Questions 181 Answers, Explanations, and References 186 Trauma Questions 191 Answers, Explanations, and References 200 CONTRIBUTORS Kristi L. Koenig, MD, FACEP H. Gene Hern, Jr., MD, MS Director, Emergency Management Department of Emergency Medicine Strategic Healthcare Group Alameda County Medical Center, Highland Campus Veterans Health Administration Oakland, California Washington, DC Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat, andMaxillofacial Emergencies R. Carter Clements, MD, FACEP Amy M. Hutson, MD Department of Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine Alameda County Medical Center, Highland Campus Alameda County Medical Center, Highland Campus Oakland, California Oakland, California Toxicologic Emergencies Metabolic, Endocrinologic, and Rheumatologic Emergenices Elizabeth Dorn, MD Department of Emergency Medicine Loretta Jackson-Williams, MD PhD Alameda County Medical Center, Highland Campus Assistant Professor Oakland, California Emergency Medicine Department Cardiologic Emergencies University of Mississippi Rochelle Eggleston, MD Jackson, Mississippi Department of Emergency Medicine Neurologic and Psychiatric Emergencies Alameda County Medical Center, Highland Campus Oakland, California Amin Antoine Kazzi, MD, FAAEM, FACEP Gastroenterologic Emergencies Associate Division Chief Associate Clinical Professor David K. English, MD, FACEP Division of Emergency Medicine Director of Informatics University of California, Irvine Department of Emergency Medicine Dermatologic Emergencies Alameda County Medical Center, Highland Campus Pulmonary Emergencies Oakland, California Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine Linda E. Keyes, MD University of California, San Francisco Department of Emergency Medicine San Francisco, California Alameda County Medical Center, Highland Campus Administration, Ethics, and Legal Aspects Oakland, California Cardiologic Emergencies Environmental Emergencies Geriatric Emergencies Renal and Urologic Emergencies Cherie A. Hargis, MD Attending Physician Susan Lambe, MD Department of Emergency Medicine Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program Alameda County Medical Center, Highland Campus University of California, Los Angeles Oakland, California Los Angeles, California Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies Anesthesia and Analgesia Pediatric Emergencies Orthopedic Emergencies ix Copyright 2000 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click Here for Terms of Use.

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