Potential Invasive Pests of Agricultural Crops CABI Invasive Species Series Invasive species are plants, animals or microorganisms not native to an ecosystem, whose introduc- tion has threatened biodiversity, food security, health or economic development. Many ecosystems are affected by invasive species and they pose one of the biggest threats to biodiversity worldwide. Globalization through increased trade, transport, travel and tourism will inevitably increase the inten- tional or accidental introduction of organisms to new environments, and it is widely predicted that climate change will further increase the threat posed by invasive species. To help control and mitigate the effects of invasive species, scientists need access to information that not only provides an overview of and background to the field, but also keeps them up to date with the latest research findings. This series addresses all topics relating to invasive species, including biosecurity surveillance, mapping and modelling, economics of invasive species and species interactions in plant invasions. Aimed at researchers, upper-level students and policy makers, titles in the series provide international coverage of topics related to invasive species, including both a synthesis of facts and discussions of future research perspectives and possible solutions. Titles Available 1. Invasive Alien Plants : An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent Edited by J.R. BHATT, J.S. SINGH, S.P. SINGH, R.S. TRIPATHI and R.K. KOHLI 2. Invasive Plant Ecology and Management : Linking Processes to Practice Edited by T.A. MONACO and R.L. SHELEY 3. Potential Invasive Pests of Agricultural Crops Edited by J.E. PEÑA Potential Invasive Pests of Agricultural Crops Edited by Jorge E. Peña University of Florida, USA CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI CABI Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncey Street Wallingford Suite 1002 Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 800 552 3083 (toll free) Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Tel: +1 (0)617 395 4051 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © CAB International 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Potential invasive pests of agricultural crops / [editor, Jorge E. Peña]. p. ; cm. -- (CAB invasive ; [3]) ISBN 978-1-84593-829-1 (hbk) 1. Agricultural pests. 2. Introduced organisms. I. Peña, Jorge E., 1948-II. Series: CABI invasive species series ; 3. SB601.P68 2012 632′.9--dc23 2012029378 ISBN-13: 978-1-84593-829-1 Commissioning editor: Dave Hemming Editorial assistant: Chris Shire Production editor: Simon Hill Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India. Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY. Contents Acknowledgments ix Contributors xi Preface xv Jorge e. PeñA 1. B iology and Management of the red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus 1 Robin M. Giblin-Davis, Jose Romeno Faleiro, Josep A. Jacas, Jorge E. Peña, and P.S.P.V. Vidyasagar 2. Avocado Weevils of the genus Heilipus 35 Alvaro Castañeda-Vildózola, Armando Equihua-Martinez and Jorge E. Peña 3. exotic Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the USA: Potential and Current Invaders 48 Robert A. Haack and Robert J. Rabaglia 4. Diabrotica speciosa: an Important Soil Pest in South America 75 Crébio José Ávila and Alexa Gabriela Santana 5. Potential Lepidopteran Pests Associated with Avocado Fruit in Parts of the Home range of Persea americana 86 Mark S. Hoddle and J.R.P. Parra 6. Biology, ecology and Management of the South American Tomato Pinworm, Tuta absoluta 98 Alberto Urbaneja, Nicolas Desneux, Rosa Gabarra, Judit Arnó, Joel González-Cabrera, Agenor Mafra-Neto, Lyndsie Stoltman, Alexandre de Sene Pinto and José R.P. Parra 7. Tecia solanivora Povolny (Lepidoptera: gelechiidae), an Invasive Pest of Potatoes Solanum tuberosum L. in the Northern Andes 126 Daniel Carrillo and Edison Torrado-Leon v vi Contents 8. T he Tomato Fruit Borer, Neoleucinodes elegantalis (guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), an Insect Pest of Neotropical Solanaceous Fruits 137 Ana Elizabeth Diaz Montilla, Maria Alma Solis and Takumasa Kondo 9. Copitarsia spp.: Biology and risk Posed by Potentially Invasive Lepidoptera from South and Central America 160 Juli Gould, Rebecca Simmons and Robert Venette 10. Host range of the Nettle Caterpillar Darna pallivitta (Moore) (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) in Hawai’i 183 Arnold H. Hara, Christopher M. Kishimoto and Ruth Y. Niino-DuPonte 11. Fruit flies Anastrepha ludens (Loew), A. obliqua (Macquart) and A. grandis (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae): Three Pestiferous Tropical Fruit Flies That Could Potentially expand Their range to Temperate Areas 192 Andrea Birke, Larissa Guillén, David Midgarden and Martin Aluja 12. Bactrocera Species that Pose a Threat to Florida: B. carambolae and B. invadens 214 Aldo Malavasi, David Midgarden and Marc de Meyer 13. Signature Chemicals for Detection of Citrus Infestation by Fruit Fly Larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae) 228 Paul E. Kendra, Amy L. Roda, Wayne S. Montgomery, Elena Q. Schnell, Jerome Niogret, Nancy D. Epsky and Robert R. Heath 14. gall Midges (Cecidomyiidae) attacking Horticultural Crops in the Caribbean region and South America 240 Juliet Goldsmith, Jorge Castillo and Dionne Clarke-Harris 15. recent Mite Invasions in South America 251 Denise Navia, Alberto Luiz Marsaro Júnior, Manoel Guedes Correa Gondim Jr, Renata Santos de Mendonça and Paulo Roberto Valle da Silva Pereira 16. Planococcus minor (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): Bioecology, Survey and Mitigation Strategies 288 Amy Roda, Antonio Francis, Moses T.K. Kairo and Mark Culik 17. The Citrus orthezia Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas) (Hemiptera: ortheziidae), a Potential Invasive Species 301 Takumasa Kondo, Ana Lucia Peronti, Ferenc Kozár and Éva Szita 18. Potential Invasive Species of Scale Insects for the USA and Caribbean Basin 320 Gregory A. Evans and John W. Dooley 19. recent Adventive Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) and Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Florida and the Caribbean region 342 Ian Stocks 20. Biology, ecology and Control of the Ficus Whitefly, Singhiella simplex (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) 363 Jesusa Crisostomo Legaspi, Catharine Mannion, Divina Amalin and Benjamin C. Legaspi Jr Contents vii 21. Invasion of exotic Arthropods in South America’s Biodiversity Hotspots and Agro-Production Systems 373 K.A.G. Wyckhuys, T. Kondo, B.V. Herrera, D.R. Miller, N. Naranjo and G. Hyman 22. Likelihood of Dispersal of the Armored Scale, Aonidiella orientalis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), to Avocado Trees from Infested Fruit Discarded on the ground, and observations on Spread by Handlers 401 M.K. Hennessey, J.E. Peña, M. Zlotina and K. Santos 23. Insect Life Cycle Modelling (ILCYM) Software – A New Tool for regional and global Insect Pest risk Assessments under Current and Future Climate Change Scenarios 412 Marc Sporleder, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Pablo Carhuapoma, Juan C. Gonzales, Henry Juarez and Jürgen Kroschel Index 429 Dedication To A.C. Bellotti and the Peña-Rojas and Litz Families Acknowledgments Extensive thanks to the authors for their willingness to participate in this endeavour. Dr. J.L. Capinera, Ms. Rita E. Duncan and Ms. H. Glenn for their help. This Book was the result of the Potential Invasive Pest Workshop supported by a grant from TSTAR and by the University of Florida Center for Tropical Agriculture under the direction of R.E. Litz. ix