Historic, Archive Document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE Potential Alternatives to Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticides Threatened By Implementation of FQPA Selected Examples of ARS Program Activities Potential At-Risk Pesticide Alternatives ARS Inventory and Status Received Contact -- Robert M. Faust National Program Staff Beltsville, Maryland July 29, 1998 7 ; ‘ - : : =-e : | 7 a - oe e . pt } : a6 .) ¥ i] oyA|] porMager ssa abiotyes Dat Ab ien: 34 CLEP) s7a t ’ ta 7 Mee a ¢NA NTES AL ‘ y ily BE i poa a7t : 2e7 o i t ‘ A e 2 > . 7. ae Z —e/ « - e 7 = 7 : 7 i ; - yi" ink? cas s Bh, i Table of Contents Introduction, Renee crmer, Mur Neer ene ey. Rete cai rssiaey, BONe, TTA BINION 5... ccecscevooncesee 1 IL. Prionty.Lastto fPesticidest ee Pt Fe. ANAS AO LEAs, DARI CS Sere 3 Ill. Selected Examples of Potential Alternatives/ARS Program ACctivities............ccccssecsseeeee: 4. Are Gheniical andin onchemicaltAltemativesiR ésearch ines, i. SennWe. 0e, O.e. .. 4 Be, Biologicale@ontrolsAltermativess esearch Oiyis3), Hae MeN BO MA A, Ae ee 41 C. Host Resistance and Cultural Technologies Alternatives Research..............cc00:c0000 74 IV. BoU ULT d tei ty ese eee erates os cxesacen ss enc ass taneastaenateen-nieiesonatereet tases Shs anstatooa ?dn ) STATS eee er Lome ae ee (OOOO et eee ee ORE) Obs ew EdeE) He epee 777 4heee ee eestoes bet Onda e ..diniPahenal £0. OEE REOPENOe 1 6 HOES OA hd Pte en ede ea Nene Oe eonr eer PEVERE TNENE eee) ne . wolioiee? ta teha? dil oe «ech gimipash tustg07% CA AovisortlA iaftfoi salnynsextit ebatyasl o2 Bt Bs hinaneilgnise dans. a lptlentigemiae Pini let aeiiMaasi tieAdeaAmad e) A ne ae ee ereso e nee a |aoa PR sepaecssatie cass seoneys- sffheORITT civvitgemosta 2s, clontios T labure ootnalzi aeA sok! .<) a oe Rea. eee ema ae Pan SMBS Ss! LEY Bg vere Loree rereele eEnSe on aPY2oa ,o Introduction The provisions of FQPA passed in 1996 require EPA to reassess all pesticide tolerances within ten years of passage of the Act, and to change its standard for evaluating pesticides from an acceptable risk/benefit profile to a reasonable expectation of no harm. EPA is to evaluate the riskiest one-third of currently used pesticides within the next couple of years. In the first phase of tolerance reassessment, EPA plans on reviewing the tolerances of 39 organophosphates, 21 carbamates and 35 B-1/B2 potential carcinogen pesticides; compounds within these groups are used as insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, herbicides, and antimicrobial agents. Alternative pest management approaches must be developed to replace pesticides removed from the marketplace as a result of regulatory action, and a determination must be made as to what alternative tactics are in the development pipeline or in the registration process, and what is required to bring them into full utilization. Several potentially impacted grower organizations have approached ARS and requested that the Agency take a lead in responding to the pending crisis as the compounds are lost for pest control use by the agricultural industry within the next two years. This document includes the results of an initial survey and inventory of ARS research activities that have, or have the potential of generating substitutes and alternatives to at-risk pesticides. This will be a continuing process and periodic updates of the document will be made. Technologies that have been out on the market and being use are not included to any extent in this initial inventory. ARS considers research on safe alternatives to at-risk pesticides as one of its highest priorities. The agency has recently implemented a number of activities in response to this pending crisis, including undertaking this initial inventory and status assessment of ARS research relevant to at-risk organophosphate and carbamate pesticides; scheduling meetings and workshops between scientists, commodity groups and others to better define specific critical research and action needed beyond current programs; and scheduling periodic informational exchange and coordination meetings involving the USDA Office of Pest Management Policy, other Federal and State agencies, the USDA IPM Subcommittee, ARS Management, and the ARS National Program Teams. ARS over the years has been actively conducting extensive component and IPM research on alternative methods of pest control to reduce the reliance on at-risk and other broad spectrum chemical pesticides. This research includes projects to develop environmentally-friendly pest controls, including the use of natural enemies, microbial agents, host-resistance and cultural practices, behavioral disruptors and other biorational products, and improved pesticide application technologies. Target pests include insects, mites, ticks, plant pathogens and nematodes, and weeds. Additionally, ARS has implemented five areawide IPM pest management projects in partnership with other Federal and State institutions and the private sector to help farmers adopt, implement, and use appropriately new technologies as replacements for at-risk pesticides; these projects include mating disruption for codling moth on tree fruits in the Pacific Northwest, which has resulted in an 80-100% reduction in Guthion use; the use of attract and kill technology in the Midwest for corn rootworm that is expected to reduce populations by greater than 90 percent with less than 10 percent of the chemicals used in current niskinve escmerabos obikvenry Siatt aseataso rA TS oviups7 000k agar anm uri uabioitese gaitealsya ritb sabaste atks igna 09B al to of atgutoaf ovf)e AT H .onadon lod aque oldancacey aq otitany cha equong exo? civ ebintouctane reutifoitiort 92g0 aws ieadnatog SEM=E 2E ebxust oaandvao ginoye oidowiratias bas sabividted cabisi get 2obiovacien zabioti sean epb ee motta ilboro voefna es bzsobcies i2t4e nJgu vsato ulsgeewrn moifi rbieoqtoelhe vae bb eoed wsruarialso de-oqtroonletlnugggesn YIonI omkgaenha5ia e not kooagl etOoVRo ham oaAt . ai tod bee 2kscorg noumivign Siti2 0s niloghy tnuraqolevob set at sue eooRs evianvls snoitesinag@ weity bernard ylsiiasiad layevee -nottestling I ot mod) gotud of boriuper tegreinb isedqf n l3t4lt3i w0 8 vyrteinbbraoin esetm auil baoahel y 4e o afdfe ‘xevdo suetu gATo xoineo oI nsd)e bon1r0t2q 1o2 u0kp ootbora sab 2a7no yrbsrodsaeeodi?y gewes zoeviatl d‘eobwncmein edtn oaidse 2Ate5le1 iAo y faTl sozo oooavFeui ieabendsnobh va Nlaiooteru htb bolaJsoso nay cssooiixera hetys eee dtI usciegiio biioaaeir deno dnh i atLeooo eenz ttehshxuaaTy ocoor ol ag9ei Btiog eeidtotoaburJunpvliaeotc na) ina svo teeran olop odrtvuo a tmlaio beip udedtt id dTtza firTlgtze o-olabysoiint nidivoniosiowalrts ;; Jnomeved fairin enit zsioeiitrreo rgniyd bdreoergl giatitt ?L ioter oenos e e gauib iessdiievaiyi oeA anY-ots. wodf reeouvint ¢arb ao iaalmsn aalggianpd o yrliinuosveesr cearrtg hyiaeunaogo e 2a9t1lA od nervoly't sweet EIA to devornitiezes “aitete La yoolvevad tsttint zi gailarmabas gullbubont neswinsodi tea ytcorsuts ssioowr gobeaans lasypaiiritnoag roef tgirsidqtee boanrfilaa b arobaituevdeog r a axmnatoa lbuaess abqiute ssgt uilbqgoourmiqnooass. z120ie idteerste3 i2 s bre ogardoxs imnousenota? vibonay grtwbudd ae:e gar eat:i mo bnoved bebeor brs lablont olrstetet BcSoAi leodf fifn boarae nJgeernen n4s yteeante YNoe RsAof ts)a tAiGa2mUm n» ovduMlT AGaUg mboododn sz olHooneongis boyuoio mast cumgorT . rrunt. bsorod ntasle bus AGolarab eirsoroiiatFalnez ne i.eebr aaaw auanbbousl ooof doter nwoe Jang (borrl- 2 a gi A Pee RANT an co‘ee iiai‘asiisamiea d iiiddaiiaal aia : ni rat hue ~ re _i