Page i Personal Trainer Manual The Resource for Fitness Professionals Richard T. Cotton Editor Christine J. Ekeroth Associate Editor American Council on Exercise ® San Diego, California Publisher title: author: publisher: isbn10 | asin: print isbn13: ebook isbn13: language: subject publication date: lcc: ddc: subject: Page ii Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 96-85138 Second edition ISBN 0-9618161-6-3 Copyright © 1996, 1997 American Council on Exercise® (ACE®) Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. Except for use in a review, the reproduction or utilization of this work in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including xerography, photocopying and recording, and in any information retrieval system, is forbidden without the written permission of the American Council on Exercise. EF Distributed by: American Council on Exercise P. O. Box 910449 San Diego, CA 92191-0449 (619) 535-8227 (619) 535-1778 (FAX) http://www.acefitness.org Assistant Editor: Holly Yancy Design: Grace Graphics Production: Suzan Peterson Photographer: Rick Starkman Anatomical Illustrations: James Staunton Technical Consultants: Richard Seibert, Deborah Ellison, Karen Nelson Glossary: Karen Nelson Index: Theresa Schaffer Transcription: Kathie Marihugh, Yvonne C. Spencer Copy Editors: Christina Gandolfo, Ronale Tucker Proofreaders: Christina Gandolfo, Ronale Tucker Proofreaders: Christina Gandolfo, Ronale Tucker Chapter Models: Bryan Cochran, Diane Duray- Stoner, Kristen Edwards, Scott Fischer, Melissa Garner, Nancy Heyne, Sandra Leichliter, Tony Ordas, Christopher Ranck- Buhr, Darlene Ravelo, Theresa Schoppe, Holli Spicer, Karen Kay Spicer, Dan Trone Cover Model: Eric Sams Acknowledgements: Thanks to the entire American Council on Exercise staff for their support and guidance through the process of creating this manual. A special thanks to Paul Jackson of Busy Body for providing the exercise equipment. Page iii REVIEWERS Page v Douglas Brooks, M.S., is an exercise physiologist and international lecturer on exercise physiology, kinesiology, strength training and personal training. He is the author of Going Solo, The Art of Personal Training and Program Design for Personal Trainers. Diane Buchta, B.A., is an ACE-certified Personal Trainer, and the owner of Tri Fitness, a personal training and consulting company. She also is the former strength coach for the United States triathlon team, and a contributing editor for 220 Magazine. Karen J. Calfas, Ph.D., is a licensed clinical psychologist and the assistant clinical professor in the family and preventive medicine department at the University of California, San Diego. She also serves as the director of health promotion at San Diego State University and conducts research in exercise adherence. J. E. Lindsay Carter, Ph.D., is professor emeritus of exercise and nutritional science at San Diego State University. She is an international consultant and workshop presenter as well as the author and editor of several books and chapters. She conducts research in physique and performance. Deborah Ellison, R.P.T., is a physical therapist in San Diego, Calif., and is the owner of Movement That Matters, an exercise consulting company. She also is the program design consultant for Reebok. Larry Gettman, Ph.D., is the vice president of research and development for National Health Enhancement Systems, Inc., and adjunct professor of exercise science and physical education at Arizona State University. He formerly served as chairman of the ACE Board of Directors. Louis Horwitz, M.D., F.A.C.E.P., is the director of the University Hospital Health System at the Bedford Medical Center Emergency Department. He is board certified in Emergency Medicine. Gwen Hyatt, M.S., is president and director of education for Desert Southwest Fitness, Inc., and served as the chairperson of the ACE Aerobic Instructor Certification Examination and Accreditation Committees. W. Larry Kenney, Ph.D., F.A.C.S.M., is a professor of applied physiology at the Pennsylvania State University, and a member of the Board of Trustees of the American College of Sports Medicine. He also is an ACSM Certified Exercise Specialist and Program Director and the senior editor of ACSM's Guidelines for Graded Exercise Testing and Prescription. Brian E. Koeberle, J.D., is a sports/entertainment attorney and the director of operations for the Major League Baseball Players Alumni Association. He is the author of The Legal Aspects of Personal Fitness Training, and lectures on various sports and fitness and the law. Karen P. Nelson, M.A., is the the director of Active Lifestyles Plus in Tucson, Ariz. She was formerly the director of certification for the American Council on Exercise, and has worked as a personal trainer for four years and as a clinician in spine and joint rehabilitation. George Salem, Ph.D., is the associate professor in the department of physical education at California State University, Long Beach, where he also is the co-director of the biomechanics laboratory. His current research projects include biomechanical examinations of resistance exercise among intercollegiate women athletes and elder populations. Barbara Scott, MPH, RD, is an associate professor in the nutrition education and research program and the department of pediatrics at the University of Nevada School of Medicine in Reno, Nev. Mitch Sudy is the vice president of programs and services for the American Council on Exercise and served as the assistant executive director for the Lockheed Employee Recreation Association. He is the editor of the first edition of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual, and is a 13-year fitness industry veteran. Page vi Steven P. Van Camp, M.D., is a cardiologist at the Alvarado Medical Group in San Diego, Calif., and served as the president of the American College of Sports Medicine for 1995-1996. Larry S. Verity, Ph.D., F.A.C.S.M., is a professor of exercise physiology for the department of exercise and nutritional sciences at San Diego State University, and is a preventive and rehabilitation exercise specialist certified by the American College of Sports Medicine. Denise Wiksten, Ph.D., A.T.C., is the assistant professor of athletic training/pre-physical therapy in the department of exercise and nutritional sciences at San Diego State University. She is a member of the National Athletic Trainers' Association and serves on its board of certification. Page viii CONTENTS