Performances of Peace Performances of Peace Utrecht 1713 Edited by Renger E. de Bruin, Cornelis van der Haven, Lotte Jensen and David Onnekink LEIDEN | BOSTON This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-NC 3.0) License, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the origi- nal author(s) and source are credited. This research has been made possible with the generous support of The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Cover illustration: A meeting of the negotiators in the Utrecht city hall, Utrechtse Vrede, geslooten in ‘t jaar 1713 (Peace of Utrecht, concluded in the year 1713). Late-18th-century engraving by Simon Fokke from Jan Wagenaar, Vaderlandsche historie verkort en by vraagen en antwoorden voorgesteld (Amsterdam: By de Wed. Isaak Tirion, 1770). Utrechts Archief, Utrecht This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. isbn 978-9004-30477-2 (hardback) isbn 978-9004-30478-9 (e-book) Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Contents List of Illustrations ix Notes on Contributors xi Introduction 1 Renger E. de Bruin, Cornelis van der Haven, Lotte Jensen and David Onnekink Part 1 The Diplomatic Stage 1 The Olive and the Horse: The Eighteenth-Century Culture of Diplomacy 25 Linda Frey and Marsha Frey 2 Behind the Stage: The Global Dimension of the Negotiations 40 Lucien Bély 3 ‘Enemies of their patrie’? Savoyard Identity and the Dilemmas of War, 1690–1713 53 Phil McCluskey 4 Pride and Prejudice: Universal Monarchy Discourse and the Peace Negotiations of 1709–1710 69 David Onnekink Part 2 The Publicity Stage 5 Madame Du Noyer Presenting and Re-presenting the Peace of Utrecht 95 Henriette Goldwyn and Suzan van Dijk 6 ‘Dieu veuille que cette Paix soit de longue durée . . .’ The History of the Congress and the Peace of Utrecht by Casimir Freschot 114 Heinz Duchhardt vi contents 7 The Treaty of Utrecht and Addison’s Cato: Britain’s War of the Spanish Succession, Peace and the Imperial Road Map 123 Samia Al-Shayban 8 Jonathan Swift’s Peace of Utrecht 142 Clare Jackson 9 Visions of Europe: Contrasts and Combinations of National and European Identities in Literary Representations of the Peace of Utrecht (1713) 159 Lotte Jensen Part 3 The Theatrical Stage 10 Theatres of War and Diplomacy on the Early-Eighteenth-Century Amsterdam Stage 181 Cornelis van der Haven 11 Performance and Propaganda in Spanish America during the War of the Spanish Succession 197 Aaron Alejandro Olivas 12 Promoting the Peace: Queen Anne and the Public Thanksgiving at St Paul’s Cathedral 207 Julie Farguson 13 Fiery Metaphors in the Public Space: Celebratory Culture and Political Consciousness around the Peace of Utrecht 223 Willem Frijhoff Part 4 The Commemorative Stage 14 Memory Theatre: Remembering the Peace after Three Hundred Years 251 Jane O. Newman Contents vii 15 Peace Was Made Here: The Tercentennial of the Treaty of Utrecht, 2013–2015 266 Renger E. de Bruin Index 283 List of Illustrations 0.1 A ball in honour of the birth of the crown prince of Portugal (19 October 1712), organized by the count of Tarouca on 27 February 1713 in Utrecht. Engraving by Nicolas Chevalier from Relation des fêtes, que le Comte de Tarouca a données (Utrecht: N. Chevalier, 1714) 10 0.2 The Peace of Utrecht. Engraving by Anna Folkema. From: Roeland van Leuve, Mengelwerken (Amsterdam: J. Verheyden, 1723) 14 1.1 Medal in silver to Commemorate the Treaty of Rastatt, 1714. Design by Martin Brunner (1659–1725) 38 5.1 Picture showing the Quintessence des Nouvelles for the year 1713, issue d.d. January 12th, about the feast organized by the count of Tarouca of Portugal in celebration of the birth of the Prince of Brazil 104 6.1 Title page of Histoire du Congrès et de la Paix d’Utrecht (Utrecht: G. van Poolsum, 1716), with an engraving by Jan Goeree 115 9.1 Portrait of the poet and publisher François Halma (1653–1722) by Arnoud van Halen 160 9.2 Title page of Halma’s poem on the Peace of Utrecht: Vredezang (Amsterdam: J. van Oosterwyk, 1713) 171 9.3 Title page of Enoch Krook’s play Staatkunde (Amsterdam: J. Lescailje and D. Rank, 1713) 174 10.1 Showman with peepshow: ‘Eerste Harlequin’, from: Jan Pook: Rommelzoodje. Eerste Harlequin, reizende met zijn Rarekiek (Amsterdam: Timotheus ten Hoorn, 1709), fol. 19 188 10.2 Coloured etching of the Battle of Blenheim by Romeyn de Hooghe: Zegen by Hoogstad op de Fransen en Beyersen door S.H: Marlbourg en Pr. Eugenius van Savoyen verkreegen (Amsterdam: Pieter Schenck, 1704) 191 10.3 Map by G. Harrweyn of the Battle of Wijnendale: De l’Action entre le Corps des troupes Alliez Commandé par le G. Maj. Webb. Contre l’Armée des François Commandé par le Comte de la Motte aupres de Wynendale le 28. Sept. 1708 (Brussels: Eugene Henri Fricx, s.a. [1708]) 192 11.1 Téâtre de la guerre en Amerique telle qu’elle est à present possedée par les Espagnols, Anglois, François, et Hollandois &c. (Amsterdam: P. Mortier, 1703) 199 13.1 Firework by the States General in The Hague, 14 June 1713. Afbeeldingh van het Theater met zyn Ornamenten en Constigh Vuurwerck opgericht door ordre van haar Hoog Mog. de Heeren Staten Generael der Vereenichde Nederlanden etc. etc. etc. in s’Gravenhage in de Vyver x list of illustrations [. . .] afgestoken op den 14 Iuny 1713. Ter occasie van de Vrede met zyn Alderchristelyksten Maj.t Louis den XIIII. Con. van Vrankryck etc. etc. etc. tot Uytrecht geslooten op den 11 April 1713. Engraving by D. Stoopendaal after H. Pola (The Hague: Anna Beeck, 1713) 227 13.2 Firework by the States of Holland and West-Friesland in The Hague, 14 June 1713. Afbeeldingh van het Theater met syn ornamenten en Constigh Vuurwerck, opgericht door ordere van haar Ed. Groot Mog: de Heeren Staten van Hollant en West Vriesland etc. etc. etc. in ’s Gravenhage in de Vyver afgestoken op de 14 Juny 1713. Ter occasie van de Vreede met syn Alderchristelycksten Majesteyt Louis de XIIII. Coning van Vrankryk etc. etc. etc. tot Uytrecht geslooten, op den 11 April, daar bevorens. Hand- coloured engraving with and without illumination, by D. Stoopendaal after H. Pola (The Hague: Anna Beeck, 1713) 228–229 13.3 Inscriptions and devices of the firework by the States of Holland and West-Friesland in The Hague, 14 June 1713. Devises et Inscriptions Contenuës dans la construction érigée pour le Feu d’Artifice de la Province de Hollande & de Westfrise, au sujet de la Paix avec la France. Concluë à Utrecht le 11. Avril en l’année 1713. Composées par Mr. De Vrigny (The Hague: chez Gerard Rammazeyn, pour Pierre Loofs, s.a. [1713]) 232 13.4 Firework by the States of Friesland in Leeuwarden, 14 June 1713. Afbeelding van het Theater met syn Ornemente en Constig Vuurwerk, opgeregt door ordre van haer Ed. Mog. de Heeren Staeten van Vrieslandt etc. etc. etc. in Leeuwaerden op ’t Markvelt, afgestooken op den 14 Junij 1713. Ter occasie van de Vrede met Syn Alderchristelyksten Maj.t Louis de XIIII Coning van Vranckryck etc. etc. etc. Engraving by P. van Call after D. Marot 236 13.5 Firework by the Admirality of Rotterdam on the river Meuse in Rotterdam, 14 June 1713. Afbeelding van het Theater en Vuurwerck opgeregt in de Maese door ordre van de Ed. Mog. Heeren de Gecommitteerde Raden ter Admiraliteyt resideerende te Rotterdam over de Vrede gesloten tot Uitregt in den Jaere 1713. Engraving by B. Picart after F. van Douwe (s.l., 1713) 242