M-CODE GPS for Precision Guided Munitions Presented at the 2015 Precision Strike Annual Review Paul Manz PEO Ammo Chief Scientist (PEO Ammo is DoD’s Single Manager for Conventional Ammunition) [email protected] [email protected] 18 March 2015 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO#167-15 Unclassified Topics • What is M-Code? ‒ USAF GPS Directorate led GPS Modernization Program which includes Military GPS User Equipment (MGUE) such as M-Code GPS Receivers • What are we doing in the Precision Guided Munitions (PGM) community? ‒ USA PEO Ammo led MGUE Component-level Assessment for PGMs (MCAP) [i.e. TRL5 for PGMs?] and Acceleration of MGUE Increment 2 for PGMs (AM2P) [i.e. TRL6 for PGMs?] • What are the next Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) challenges for PGMs and what are we doing to address it? 2 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO# 167-15 Unclassified What is M-code? • M-code is a major component of the USAF-led Major Acquisition Category GPS Modernization Program • M-code is a new military signal designed to further improve jamming resistance and secure access of the military GPS signals • M-code is transmitted in the same general L1 and L2 frequencies used by the previous military code, the P(Y)-code • Migrates to a system with spectrally separated military services while adding new civil services • GPS Modernization Program is comprised of three segments: space (satellites), ground control, and user equipment (receivers) • Military GPS User Equipment (MGUE) • USA PD PNT has on-site presence at the USAF GPS Directorate 3 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO# 167-15 Unclassified Approved for Public Release Chart provided by USAF SMC GPA GPS Modernization S P A C E A N D M I S SI L E S Y S T E M S C E N T E R 4 201D3 0IS5 T07R_I GBPUST OIOveNrv ieSwT tAo TSMECM UENT A: PAO#167-15 Unclassified 4 Approved for Public Release Chart provided by USAF SMC GPA Modernized Military GPS Capability Features S P A C E A N D M I S S I L E S Y S T E M S C E N T E R Key Management Jamming Resistance Anti-Spoof M-Code Power Reduced burdens, Initial fix enhanced, Detect and reject Operate closer to Improved user autonomy Anti-Jam extended false signals jammer, under trees Blue Force M-Code External Augmentations Electronic Attack Cryptography Extend GPS accuracy/ Operate near More secure, availability in challenged friendly jamming more flexible environments DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO#167-15 Unclassified 5 Approved for Public Release Chart provided by USAF SMC GPA Military GPS User Equipment (MGUE) S P A C E A N D M I S SI L E S Y S T E M S C E N T E R • Building next-generation of military GPS receivers that incorporate M-Code (required in statute by FY17) • Direction from USD(AT&L) to accelerate MGUE Increment 1 MAGRa-2K • Requirements approved by JROC Jul 2014 • Successfully completed Preliminary Design Reviews for MGUE Increment 1 contractors Aug-Sep 2014 • Security Certification Underway Ground-Based Card • Updated Lead Platforms – Army: Raven to DAGR Distributed Device (D3) – Air Force: F-15E to B-2 Spirit (B-2) Aviation/Maritime Card DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO#167-15 Unclassified 2014 12 10_GPS Program Update for PNT Advisory Board v2.pptx 6 What Are We Doing in the PGM Community? • PGM Programs of Record (PoRs) must determine if they can use MGUE Increment 1 technology versus waiting until Increment 2 • USAF GPS Directorate is sponsoring an ongoing 17-month RDTE effort led by USA PEO Ammo to conduct a MGUE Component- Level Assessment for PGMs (MCAP) [i.e. TRL5 for PGMs?] • USA PD PNT is similarly sponsoring a complimentary parallel ongoing RDTE effort called Accelerate MGUE Incr 2 for PGMs (AM2P) which leverages MCAP investments [i.e. TRL6 for PGMs?] • Joint PGM Materiel Development Stakeholders are engaged via an Overarching IPT to reduce subsequent PGM PoR M-Code GPS implementation risk and assist in POM/compliance activities PL 111-383 mandates the use of M-Code GPS for FY18+ 7 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO# 167-15 Unclassified What do PGMs and MGUE Have in Common? • Common GPS Capability Needs ‒ M-Code Access (Security, Power, Anti-Jam, Anti-Spoof, etc) ‒ Enhanced Accuracy and Availability • Common GPS Solutions ‒ Production ready suppliers to Primes ‒ Increased Competition • Taxpayer Investment Efficiencies ‒ Common technology maturation versus cumulative discrete potentially duplicative PoR non-recurring RDTE investments ‒ Economies of Scale across Joint/Foreign Military Sales (FMS) stakeholders These common imperatives are reinforced by the approved MGUE Acquisition Decision Memorandum dated 20Feb14 8 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO# 167-15 Unclassified Why are PGM Requirements More Difficult? PGMs are a Joint Service Problem Set Precision Guided (ex. USA/PGK, USA/GMLRS-AW, USMC/PERM, USN/LRLAP, USAF/SDB-II) Munition (PGM) Load GPS Ephemerisdata prior • PGMs represent a major M- to launch and reacquire after Initial Conditions muzzle exit at high velocity Code GPS market segment (up to 800 m/s) • Three main use-cases Extreme Shock Environment (Gun-Launched, Rockets/ (up to 20,000 Gs) Missiles, Air-Dropped) Spin Environment High Spin (up to 300 Hz) • Gun-Launched Environment Size, Weight, Power (SWP) Desired 40mm Diameter much more severe than the environments for Set-Time Requirement Less than 10 seconds handhelds, avionics, and Time To First Fix / 7 sec (O = 4 sec) Time To Usable Nav shipboard receivers POR Quantities > 100,000 Durable vs. Consumable Consumable Shelf Life 20 Years Gun-Launched PGMs have some of the most demanding requirements 9 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO# 167-15 Unclassified Acceleration of MGUE Inc 2 for PGMs (AM2P) Reduces risk and promotes competition for PGM Programs of Record MCAP USG Level 2 Tech Data Package Validated PGM MGUE Spec X 4 Integration Risk •Performance X 60 •Live Acquisition •Temperature •Vibration •Spin, High-G Live Fire GPS- Defense Vendor 1 X 20 •EMI/EMC •Instrumented TRL 5 Ordinance In-The-Loop Technology Vendor 2 X 20 Flight Test Validated •AJ Testing Consortium Conduct Testing in a (DOTC) Vendor 3 X 20 (MGUE Reqts) ICD M-Code GPS PGM Platform component “Best Paper” M-Code GPS Total testing 34 mo Draft Spec prototype hardware Test Report Component Test Verification 17 mo Report & TRL 6+ 31 mo Plan Updated Spec & ICD Draft ICD DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO#167-15 Revised “Best Paper” Spec/ICD Validation 10 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: PAO# 167-15 Unclassified and MGUE Assessment UFR Effort May 2014 Oct 2014 Sept 2015 Apr 2017