Patterns of the Life-World Northwestern University Phenomenology 4 s t u d i e s in Existential Philosophy GENERAL EDITOR John Wild ASSOC IATE EDITOR James M. Edie C O N S U L T I N G EDITORS Herbert Spiegelberg William Earle George A. Schrader Maurice Natanson Paid Ricoeur Aron Gunvitsch Calvin O. Schräg Hubert L. Dreijfus Edited by Patterns of the Life-World Essays in Honor of John W ild JAMES M. EDIE FRANCIS H. PARKER CALVIN 0. SCHRÄG Northwestern University Press Evanston 1 9 7 0 Copyright © 1970 by Northwestern University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 72-113378 SBN 8101-0311-7 Manufactured in the United States of America Contents Preface ix PART I The Relevance of the Tradition 1 Insight Francis H. Parker 3 2 Why Be Uncritical about the Life-World? Henry B. Veatch 19 3 Homage to Saint Anselm Robert Jordan 40 4 Art and Philosophy John M. Anderson 62 PART II Approaches to the Life-World 5 The Phenomenon of World Robert R. Ehman 85 6 The Life-World and Its Historical Horizon Calvin O. Schräg 107 7 The Lebenswelt as Ground and as Leib in Husserl: Somatology, Psychology, Sociology Enzo Pad 123 8 Life-World and Structures C. A. van Peur sen 139 PART III The Individual and Society 9 The Miser Erwin W. Straus 157 10 Monetary Value and Personal Value George Schrader 180 11 Individualisms W.L. McBride 201 12 Sartre the Individualist Wilfrid Dcsau 228 13 The Nature of Social Man Maurice Natanson 248 PART IV Subjectivity and Objectivity 14 The Problem of the Will and Philosophical Discourse Paul Ricoeur 273 15 Structuralism and Humanism Mikel Dufrenne 290 16 The Illusion of Monolinear Time Nathaniel Lawrence 298 17 Can Grammar Be Thought? James M. Edie 315 18 The Existentiahst Critique of Objectivity Samuel ]. Todes and Hubert L. Dreyfus 346 Bibliography 389 Index 401 Preface John Wild is one of America’s most distinguished phi­ losophers. The contributors to this volume have sought to honor him, each in his own way. Among the contributors there are former students, former colleagues, and friends. The editors have chosen the title, Patterns of the Life-World, because it succeeds in expressing John Wild’s philosophical interests succinctly and in a way that covers his work from the beginning of his career to the present. Some of the contributors do not share Professor Wild’s current interests, and in some cases there are marked dif­ ferences of opinion and point of view between a particular author and the man honored by his essay. The editors do not consider the clearly discernible philosophical differences among the vari­ ous contributors to be at all unfortunate. Quite the contrary; they consider these differences to be illustrative of the practice of philosophy as a project of dialogue and dialectics. This is philoso­ phy as Professor Wild himself practices it, both in his teaching and in his writing. The editors are of the mind that the most ap­ propriate way in which to honor this eminent philosopher is not by simply rehearsing his manifold accomplishments but by hon­ oring that spirit of philosophy which he himself so well emulates. John Daniel Wild was born on April io, 1902, in Chicago, Illinois. He received his college education at the University of Chicago, where he was awarded the Bachelor of Philosophy de­ gree in 1923. In 1925 he earned the Master of Arts degree from Harvard University. He then returned to the University of Chi­ cago for doctoral study and won his Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1926. He taught at the University of Michigan from 1926 to 1927. In 1927 he was appointed to the philosophy faculty at Har­ vard University and taught there as Professor of Philosophy until 1961. In 1961 he went to Northwestern University as Chairman of the Department of Philosophy, and, in 1963, moved to Yale University. He has served both as vice-president (1950-51) and as president (1960-61) of the American Philosophical Associa­ tion. In 1953-54 he was president of the Metaphysical Society of America. He founded the Society for Realistic Philosophy and served as president from 1947 to 1950. He has been a member of the editorial board, since 1947, of Philosophy and Phenomenologi­ cal Research, and, since 1951, of Philosophy East and West. While at Northwestern, he served as chairman of the original committee that established the Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy in 1962, and, in the same year, he helped launch the Northwestern University Studies in Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy of which he is the General Editor. Twice he has been the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship, in 1930-31 to work at the University of Freiburg in Germany, and again in 1957-58, during which time he traveled extensively and lectured at various universities in Germany and France. He has held visiting professorships at the University of Chicago, the Uni­ versity of Hawaii, and the University of Washington. He gave the Mahlon Powell lectures at Indiana University in 1953. One of the things about John Wild which impresses both critics and friends is the breadth of his interests. He is at home with most of the great minds of the past; he has contributed im­ portant works on Plato and Aristotle, on the Medievals, on Berke­ ley and Spinoza, on the existentialists and phenomenologists, and, most recently, on William James. It is a mark both of his peculiar philosophical temper and of his attitude toward life that when one thinks of comparisons with other historical philoso­ phers, the names that come most readily to mind are those of Socrates and William James. For him philosophy has never been a “game/' but always a matter of the most serious commitment. To it he has brought not only his intellect but his personality, and his ability to project his personal enthusiasm into what would otherwise remain the dry bones of argument is legendary to all those who have been associated with him either as students or as colleagues. Wild is a seminal and adventurous thinker, always restless, always ready to change, always impelled to take new