PARTNERSHIP AND LEADERSHIP ECO-EFFICIENCY IN INDUSTRY AND SCIENCE VOLUME8 The titles published in this series are listed at tlze end of this volume. Partnership and Leadership Building Alliances for a Sustainable Future Edited by Theo J.N.M. de Bruijn Center for Clean Technology and Environmental Policy, University ofTwente, Enschede, The Netherlands and Arnold Tukker TNO Institute ofStrategy, Technology and Policy, Delft, The Netherlands SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V. A C.l.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 978-90-481-5938-3 ISBN 978-94-017-2545-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-2545-3 Printedon acidjree paper All Rights Reserved © 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2002 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system. without written permission from the copyright owner TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 5 Introduction: Collaboration as the New Paradigm in Industrial Transformation Theo de Bruijn and Arnold Tukker PART 1: CONCEPTS AND ISSUES Chapter 2 21 Environmental Collaboration: Potential and Limits Cathy L. Hartman, Peter S. Hofman and Edwin R. Sta.fford Chapter 3 41 In Search of 'Win-Win': Multistakeholder Environmental Partnerships and the Pursuit of Sustainability Eric C. Poncelet Chapter4 61 Re-interpreting Local-Giobal Partnerships Susse Georg and Alan Irwin Chapter 5 77 Sustainable Business: Learning-Action Networks as Organisational Assets Nigel Roome and Sarah Clarke Chapter 6 103 Organising Interfirm Learning: As the Market Begins to Turn Green Maj Munch Andersen 1 2 PART 2: COLLABORAT ION ALONG THE V ALUE CHAIN Chapter 7 121 Conditions for Learning Partnerships: The Introduction of Organic Food by a Swiss Retailer Sirnone Maier Chapter 8 135 Environmental Adaptation in Supplier-Customer Relationships Louise Canning and Stuart Hanmer-Lloyd Chapter 9 157 Sunny Developments: The Diffusion of Photovoltaic Technologies in The Netherlands Joanneke Kruijsen Chapter 10 177 A Model of an Environmental Business Support Network: Evaluating Partnership Approach in Industrial South Wales Frances Hines Chapter 11 195 Partners in Pollution Prevention: Increasing Environmental Capabilities of SMEs through Collaboration Theo de Bruijn and Peter S. Hofman PART 3: MULTISTAKEHOLDER COLLABORATION Chapter 12 217 Neither Satan nor Santa: Shell, Competitive Advantage and Stakeholders in the Peruvian Amazon Marilu Hastings Chapter 13 237 Lessons from a broken Partnership: The Case of ARET Marie-France Turcotte and Basmah Ali Chapter 14 251 Establishing and Maintaining Cross-Sectoral Actor Networks: Towards Sustainable Development in European Tourism Sector Zinaida Fadeeva and Minna Halme Table ofc ontents 3 Chapter 15 273 Stakeholder Involvement and Alliances for Sustainable Households: The Case of Shopping, Cooking and Eating Jaco Quist, Ken Green, Ktara Szita T6th and William Young Chapter 16 295 Conclusions: The Prospects of Collaboration Arnold Tukker and Theo de Bruijn Biographies 315 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Collaboration as the New Paradigm in Industrial Transformation THEO DE BRUUN ARNOLDTUKKER 1. BACKGROUND OF THE BOOK PROJECT Sustainable development has become a central perspective in environmental strategies around the world. In order to reach for sustainable development fundamental changes are needed in current production and consumption structures. It is clear that govemments nor businesses have the capacity to engage society in such a transformational process on their own. Therefore, collaboration has emerged as a central concept in many strategies. At the same time it is obvious that someone has to take the lead in the development towards sustainability. Thus, partnership and leadership are strongly related concepts. This book describes different forms of collaboration ernerging between various actors in order to transform the industrial production system. The objective of the book is to systematically explore the different roles and relationships between partnership and leadership. The main question we put forward is to what extent they contribute to the process of sustainable development. The idea of this book was bom at the seventh International Conference of the Greening of Industry Network that took place in Rome, Italy, November 15-18, 1998. This conference focused on transformation processes and the 5 T.J.N.M. de Bruün and A. Tukker (e ds.), Partnership and Leadership, 5-20. © 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers. 6 Theo de Bruijn and Arnold Tukker roles of different actors in such processes. The main theme of the conference was the engagement of partners in the transition of society towards sustainability. This transformation requires the co-operation, perseverance and dedication of all parties involved, and the development of new procedures, institutions and cultures needed for a productive co-operation. Options for this and routes towards it were explored during plenary sessions, breakout sessions and workshops devoted to the building of alliances in a global, regional and local setting. Next to a conceptual part, the book brings together case sturlies from around the world. Its focus is on describing and understanding various formats of collaboration and critically evaluating its effects and prospects. The book is in part an edited version of selected papers presented during the GIN conference in Rome on the subject, enriched with contributions of other invited authors. 2. COLLABORATION AND INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATION Since the late 1960s major changes have taken place in environmental strategies. Where initially environmental action consisted of isolated activities of minor concem, it has now developed into a field for strategic action by both govemments and business. The issue at stake has changed drastically: from taking care of local nuisance problems to global problems that are strongly related to economic and social issues. Ever since the publication of the report Our common future (World Commission on Environment and Development - Commission Brundtland, 1987) and the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, sustainable development has become the central perspective in national and international environmental strategies. Modem approaches aim at providing basic human needs by ensuring economic growth within ecological boundaries. Important changes in production and consumption systems are required in order to meet the needs and aspirations of a growing world population while using environmental resources in a sustainable manner (IHDP Industrial Transformation Science Plan 1999: xi). The challenge is to develop strategies through which society can combine economic and social development with the reduction of pressure on the environment. De-linking economical development from its negative extemal effects such as environmental pressures is essential. Obviously, such strategies exceed the capacity of individual actors. Both govemments and industry therefore embrace the concept of collaboration.