METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY EDITORS-IN-CHIEF John N. Abelson Melvin I. Simon DIVISION OF BIOLOGY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASADENA, CALIFORNIA FOUNDING EDITORS Sidney P. Colowick and Nathan 0. Kaplan Methods in Enzymology Volume 300 Oxidants and Antioxidants Part B EDITED BY Lester Packer UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA Editorial Advisory Board Bruce Ames Enrique Cadenas Balz Frei Matthew Grisham Barry Halliwell William Pryor Catherine Rice-Evans Helmut Sies A P 0 ACADEMIC PRESS San Diego New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto Contributors to Volume 300 Article numbers are in parentheses following the names of contributors. Affiliations listed are current. IAN N. ACWORTH (31), Department of -rahP NEHPETS BRAND (35), ProScript, Inc., Cam- macology, sttesuhcassaM College of Phar- ,egdirb sttesuhcassaM 93120 macy, Boston, sttesuhcassaM 51120 ANA MARIA OLIVEIRA BRETT (32), De- BHARAT B. AGGARWAL (34), Cytokine -eR partamento ed Quimica, edadisrevinU De hcraes Section, University of Texas .M .D ,arbmioC Coimbra ,9403 Portugal Anderson Cancer ,retneC Houston, Texas I. HENDRIKJE BUss (13), Department of -aP 03077 thology, hcruhctsirhC School of ,enicideM ,hcruhctsirhC New Zealand BRUCE N. AMES (10, 18), Department of Mo- ralucel and Cell Biology, ytisrevinU of -ilaC NEHPETS E. BUXSER (28), Discovery -lonhceT fornia, Berkeley, Berkeley, ainrofilaC 02749 ,seigo Pharmacia and pU john, Kalamazoo, Michigan 10094 ELIAS S. J. ARN~R (24), Medical Nobel Insti- etut for ,yrtsimehcoiB Department of -ideM Ho ZOON CHAE (23), Department of ,ygoloiB lac Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolin- egelloC of Sciences, Chonnam National ska Institute, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden ,ytisrevinU ,ugnawK Korea M. FLINT BEAL (31), Department of Neurol- DANIEL F. CHURCH (9), Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State ,ytisrevinU ogy, sttesuhcassaM General Hospital, Bos- Baton Rouge, Louisiana 30807 ton, sttesuhcassaM 41120 ELAINE M. CONNER (35), Department of Mo- KENNETH B. BECKMAN (18), Department of ralucel dna Cellular Physiology, Louisiana Molecular and Cell Biology, University of State University Medical Center, Shreve- ,ainrofilaC Berkeley, Berkeley, ainrofilaC port, Louisiana 03117 02749 JAN R. CROWLEY (12, 16), Department of ELIE BEIT-YANNAI (30), Department of -rahP ,enicideM Washington ytisrevinU School of macology, School of Pharmacy, The -eH ,enicideM .tS Louis, Missouri 01136 brew ytisrevinU of ,melasureJ ,melasureJ -sI MARIA L. CRUZ (32), Departamento ed -raF lear 02119 m6cia, Faculdade ed Cidncias ,sacid~M BARaARA S. BERLEXT (25), Laboratory of aicifitnoP edadisrevinU ,aci16taC Campinas Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and ,409-02031 Brasil Blood Institute, National Institutes of T. DE LEO (26), Dipartimento id Fisio- ,htlaeH Bethesda, Maryland 0230-29802 logia Generale de Ambientale, Univer- ELLIOT M. BERRY (30), Department of Hu- sitd id Napoli "Federico II," 43108-1 -aN man Nutrition and Metabolism, ehT -eH poli, Italy brew ytisrevinU of ,melasureJ ,melasureJ -sI ANTONIO DESTREE (35), ,tpircSorP Inc., Cam- rael 02119 ,egdirb sttesuhcassaM 93120 NEIL V. BLOUGH (22), Department of -simehC Rul M. B. Digs (21), Departamento ed yrt and Biochemistry, University of Mary- ,acimiuQ Instituto ocig6lonceT e ,raelcuN ,dnal College Park, Maryland 24702 5862-P ,mdvacaS Portugal MIKHAIL B. BOGDANOV (31), Department of S. DI MEO (26), Dipartimento di aigoloisiF Neurology, sttesuhcassaM General Hospi- elareneG de Ambientale, tgtisrevinU id Na- ,t,at Boston, sttesuhcassaM 41120 poll ociredeF'" ,II "' 43108-1 Napoli, Italy xi xii CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 300 YMMAT R. DUGAS (9), Department of Chem- IVANO G. R. GUTZ (32), Instituto de Quimica, istry, Louisiana State University, Baton Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo Rouge, Louisiana 30807 ,079-99550 Brasil PETER ELLIOTr (35), ProScript, Inc., Cam- BARRY HALLIWELL (17), Pharmacology bridge, Massachusetts 93120 Group, King's College, University of Lon- PATRICIA EVANS (17), Neurodegenerative don, London SW3 6LX, United Kingdom Disease Research Centre, King's College, GARRY J. HANDELMAN (6), Antioxidant Re- University of London, London SW3 6LX, search Laboratory, U.S. Department of United Kingdom Agriculture-Human Nutrition Research DAVID FANBERSTEIN (43), Department of Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, The Massachusetts 11120 Hebrew University o f Jerusalem, Jerusalem, DAVID R. HATHAWAY (45), Bristol-Myers Israel 02119 Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey JOHN L. FARBER (11), Department of Pathol- 0004-34580 ogy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadel- ALFRED HAUSLADEN (38), Department of phia, Pennsylvania 19107 Medicine, Duke University Medical ,retneC SHARON FARFOURI (43), Department of Phar- Durham, North Carolina 27710 maceutics, School of Pharmacy, The He- YELNATS L. HAZEN (12, 16), Department of brew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Is- Cell Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, rael 02119 Cleveland, Ohio 59144 BALZ FREI (3, 7), Linus Pauling Institute, Ore- JAY W. HEINECKE (12, 16), Departments of gon State University, Corvallis, Oregon Medicine, Molecular Biology and Pharma- 13379 cology, Washington University School of JOSEPH P. GAUT (12), Department of Medi- Medicine, .tS Louis, Missouri 01136 cine, Washington University School of Med- HAROLD J. HELBOCK (10, 18), Department of icine, .tS Louis, Missouri 01136 Molecular and Cell Biology, University of PETER G. GEIGER (4), Department of Bio- California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California chemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 02749 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 MIDORI HIRAMATSU (27), Institute for Life ALBERT W. GmOTTI (4), Department of Bio- Support Technology, Yamagata Technopo- chemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, lis Foundation, Yamagata ,3742-099 Japan Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 ARNE HOLMOREN (24), Medical Nobel Insti- PETER A. GLASCOTT, JR. (11), RhOne-Poulenc tute for Biochemistry, Department of Medi- Rorer Research and Development, Drug cal Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolin- Safety, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426- ski Institute, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden 4990 UDO HOPPE (42), Paul Gerson Unna-Skin KISHORCHANDRA GOHIL (40), Membrane Research Center, D-20245 Hamburg, Bioenergetics Group, Department of Mo- Germany lecular and Cell Biology, University of FONG F. Hsu (12, 16), Department of Medi- California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Califor- cine, Washington University School of Med- nia 0023-02749 icine, .tS Louis, Missouri 01136 MATTHEW B. GRISHAM (35), Department of YVONNE M. W. JANSSEN (36), Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisi- Pathology, University of Vermont, Bur- ana State University Medical Center, lington, Vermont 50450 Shreveport, Louisiana 2393-03117 SANO WON KANO (23), Laboratory of Cell PETER L. GUTIERREZ (22), Greenbaum Can- ,gnilangiS National Heart, Lung, and Blood cer Center, University of Maryland School Institute, National Institutes of Health, of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 10212 Bethesda, Maryland 29802 CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 300 xiii NHOJ F. ,YENAEK .RJ (3, 7), Evans Memorial SEMAJ K. OAIL (37), Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Whitaker Car- Department of Medicine, Brigham and diovascular Institute, Boston University Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts School of Medicine, Boston, Massachu- 51120 setts 81120 GNAKNAIJ UIL (10), Department of Molecular YNOHTNA J. ELTTEK (14), Free Radical Re- and Cell Biology, University of California, search Group, Department of Pathology, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 02749 Christchurch School of Medicine, Christ- NEFFETS LOFF (19), Institute of Public Health, church, New Zealand University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 -oC NOR NEHOK (30, 43), Department of Pharma- penhagen, Denmark ceutics, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew SADINOEL SARYL (17), Neurodegenerative University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Disease Research Centre, King's College, 02119 University of London, London SW3 6LX, OKIKAM USTAMOK (27), Institute for Life Sup- United Kingdom port Technology, Yamagata Technopolis EDLITAM ONIROIAM (5), Department of Bio- Foundation, Yamagata ,3742-099 Japan logical Chemistry, University of Padova, DLOTIW IKSWOTYROK (4), Department of 12153-1 Padova, Italy Biochemistry, Medical College of Wiscon- SALGUOD R. MCCABE (31), ESA, Inc., sin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 62235 Chelmsford, Massachusetts 42810 KOHSA RAMUK (34), Cytokine Research Sec- WEI GNIP IEM (42), Paul Gerson Unna-Skin tion, University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Research Center, D-20245 Hamburg, Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 03077 Germany EGIL MAVK (33), Department of Pharmacy LEAHCIM O. REGNEM (46), Institute for Clini- and Pharmacology, University of Bath, cal and Experimental Surgery, Univer- Bath, Ba2 7AY, United Kingdom sity of Saarland, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany ORUAM A. AELACS-AL (32), lnstituto de ELIME R. RELHOM III (45), University of Quimica, Universidade De DaS Paulo, DaS Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadel- Paulo ,079-99550 Brasil phia, Pennsylvania 40191 NAAITSIRHC HGRUBNEWUEEL (16), Depart- NOSAJ D. WORROM (1), Departments of Medi- ment of Medicine, Washington University cine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Univer- School of Medicine, .tS Louis, Missouri sity School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennes- 01136 see 23273 NOTNA-SNAH RHEL (46), Institute of Pathol- BOKCAJ ZTlVOKSOM (25), Laboratory of -DiB ogy, Johannes Gutenberg University, chemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood 10155-D Mainz, Germany Institute, National Institutes of Health, YENDOR L. ENIVEL (15), Laboratory of -DiB Bethesda, Maryland 0230-29802 chemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood IMO-ORIH IRWOM (3), Evans Memorial De- btstitute, National Institutes of Health, partment of Medicine and Whitaker Cardio- Bethesda, Maryland 29802 vascular Institute, Boston University School NURDUG LEWlN (44), Research Institute of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 81120 for Antioxidant Therapy, 10559 Berlin, ENNAID M. RELLEUM (16), Department of Germany Medicine, Washington University School of ARO~rAS A. HCSlWEL (15), AtheroGenics, Inc., Medicine, .tS Louis, Missouri 01136 Norcross, Georgia 17002 JAFFAR HEDAZ-ZOORUON (2, 8), Division of BEmEI LI (22), Department of Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Col- Department of Medicine, University College lege Park, Maryland 24702 London, London WIN 8AA, England xiv CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 300 RETSEL REKCAP (39--41), Membrane -reneoiB raluc ,etutitsnI Boston ytisrevinU School of sciteg Group, Department of raluceloM and ,enicideM Boston, sttesuhcassaM 81120 Cell Biology, University of ,ainrofilaC DRAHREG NNAMREUAS (42), Paul Gerson ,yelekreB Berkeley, California 0023-02749 Unna-Skin Research Center, D-20245 VITO J. ALLEBMOLAP (35), ProScript, Inc., Hamburg, Germany ,egdirbmaC sttesuhcassaM 93120 GERI ADAWAS (28), lacituecamrahP Develop- OINOTNA M. ONIROTSAP (5), emoclleW-oxalG ment ,I Pharmacia dna Upjohn, Kalama- S.p.A. Medicine's Research Centre, -eV zoo, Michigan 10094 ,anor Italy NADNAHC K. NES (36, 39, 40), Membrane ENITSIRHC PIEN (35), ProScript, Inc., Cam- Bioenergetics Group, Department of ,egdirb sttesuhcassaM 93120 Molecular and Cell Biology, University of ,ainrofilaC Berkeley, Berkeley, ainrofilaC SONAILYTS M. SIKAREPIP (20), DNA Repair ,0023-02749 and Department of ,ygoloisyhP Laboratory, Institute of Biology, NCSR ytisrevinU of Kuopio, Finland "Demokritos," Athens, eceerG AIVLIS H. P. ONARRES (32), Instituto ed Quim- I~OR PoPov (44), hcraeseR Institute for Anti- ,aci edadisrevinU De oaS Paulo, oaS Paulo oxidant Therapy, 10559 Berlin, Germany ,079-99550 Brasil J. LEAHCIM NOTSOP (25), Laboratory of Bio- NNELG T. YREAWHS (3, 7), Evans Memorial ,yrtsimehc National ,traeH Lung, and Blood Department of enicideM and Whitaker -raC Institute, National Institutes of Health, diovascular Institute, Boston University ,adsehteB Maryland 0230-29802 School of Medicine, Boston, Massachu- KIRNEH NESUHGNE NESLUOP (19), Depart- sttes 81120 ment of Clinical Pharmacology, Rigshos- NITRAM REKCEIPS (37), ralucsavoidraC Divi- ,telatip ytisrevinU of ,negahnepoC D 0022-K ,nois Department of ,enicideM Brigham and ,negahnepoC Denmark Women's Hospital, Boston, sttesuhcassaM JANE E. NESSUMSAR (16), Department of 51120 ,enicideM Washington ytisrevinU School of ZNARF B,g,TS (42), Paul Gerson Unna-Skin ,enicideM .tS Louis, Missouri 01136 Research Center, D-20245 Hamburg, SAMOHT J. RAUB (28), lacituecamrahP -leveD ynamreG opment ,I Pharmacia and pU john, -amalaK EARL R. NAMTDATS (25), Laboratory of Bio- zoo, Michigan 10094 ,yrtsimehc National ,traeH Lung, and Blood EUS Goo RHEE (23), Laboratory of Cell -giS Institute, National Institutes of Health, ,gnilan National Heart, Lung, and Blood ,adsehteB Maryland 0230-29802 Institute, National Institutes of Health, NAHTANOJ .S RELMATS (38), Howard Hughes ,adsehteB Maryland 29802 lacideM ,etutitsnI Duke ytisrevinU lacideM L. NOSKCAJ STREBOR II (1), Departments of ,retneC Durham, North aniloraC 01772 Pharmacology and Medicine, Vanderbilt A1SAPSA M. UOISSAT (20), Institute of Biol- ytisrevinU School of ,enicideM ,ellivhsaN ,ygo NCSR "Demokritos," Athens, eceerG eessenneT 23273 Jo.~o P. TELO (21), Secfao ed Qu(mica -nagrO ITAWHSAS YOR (39, 40), Membrane -reneoiB ,aci Instituto Superior ,ocincdT P-1096 Lis- sciteg Group, Department of raluceloM and aob codex, Portugal Cell Biology, University of ,ainrofilaC SNEJ J. THIELE (41), Institut far Physiolo- ,yelekreB Berkeley, California 0023-02749 ehcsig Chemie ,I -isrevinU-enieH-hcirnieH NAEETS RYTER (33), Department of Internal ,tat D-40225 Dasseldorf Germany ,enicideM Southern Illinois School of -ideM NERO HSORIT (30, 43), Department of Phar- ,enic ,dleifgnirpS Illinois 20726 ,scituecam School of Pharmacy, ehT He- NOSAJ M. IIMAS (7), Evans Memorial -trapeD brew ytisrevinU of ,melasureJ ,melasureJ -sI ment of enicideM and Whitaker -savoidraC rael 02119 CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 300 XV JOHN TURK (16), Department of Medicine, CHRISTINE C. WINTERBOURN (13), Depart- Washington University School of Medicine, ment of Pathology, Christchurch School of .tS Louis, Missouri 01136 Medicine, Christchurch, New Zealand REX M. TYRRELL (33), Department of Phar- HENRY WONG (35), ProScript, Inc., Cam- macy and Pharmacology, University of bridge, Massachusetts 93120 Bath, Bath, BA2 7A Y, United Kingdom HELEN C. YEO (10), Roche Bioscience, Palo FuLvIO URSINI (5), Department of Biological Alto, California 7931-40349 Chemistry, University of Padova, 12153-1 HIDEKATSU YOKOYAMA (29), Institute for Padova, Italy Life Support Technology, Yamagata Tech- PETER VAJKOCZY (46), Neurosurgical Depart- nopolis Foundation, Yarnagata ,3742-099 ment, Klinikurn Mannheim, University of Japan Heidelberg, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany ADRIANA ZAMBURLINI (5), Department of Bi- P. VENDITTI (26), Dipartimento di Fisiologia ological Chemistry, University of Padova, Generale ed Ambientale, tgtisrevinU di Na- 12153-1 Padova, Italy poli "Federico II, "' 43108-1 Napoli, Italy ABRAHAM ZELKOWICZ (43), Department of ABEL J. S. C. VIEIRA (21), Secgao de Quimica ,scituecanrrahP School of Pharmacy, The Org~nica, Instituto Superior T~cnico, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, P-1096 Lisboa codex, Portugal Israel 02119 EVANGELOS-E. V1SVARDIS (20), Institute of Lucio ZENNARO (5), Department of Bio- Biology, NCSR "Demokritos," Athens, logical Chemistry, University of Padova, Greece 12153-1 Padova, Italy BRI()ITTE VOLLMAR (46), Institute for Clini- IEWGNA1L ZHONG (24), Medical Nobel Insti- cal and Experimental Surgery, Univer- tute for Biochemistry, Department of Medi- sity of Saarland, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, cal Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolin- Germany ska Institute, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden Preface The importance of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) and antioxidants in health and disease has now been recognized in all of the biological sciences and has assumed special importance in the biomedical sciences. Overwhelming evidence indicates that ROS play a role in most major health problems, that antioxidants play a critical role in wellness and health maintenance, and that by inhibiting oxidative damage to molecules, cells, and tissues prevent chronic and degenerative diseases. We now know that ROS are essential for many enzyme-catalyzed re- actions. Low levels of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species are signaling molecules. At high concentration, these ROS are essential in the antitumor, antimicrobial, antiparasitic action, etc., of neutrophils and macrophages and contribute to oxidative damage to molecules, cells, and tissues. In this volume we have updated the assays and methods applicable to assaying oxidative damage to biomolecules, particularly macromolecules and assays that are useful for evaluating activities in cells and tissues. New methods are swiftly evolving for assaying the oxidant- and antioxidant- redox-sensitive steps in cell signaling and gene expression. And, finally, the development of new technologies is allowing for the noninvasive evaluation of oxidant and antioxidant action. These developments and methodologies can be expected in the future to be applicable to clinical situations in which the early detection of disease remains a problem of paramount importance. In bringing this volume to fruition, credit must be given to experts in various specialized fields of oxidant and antioxidant research. Our apprecia- tion is to the contributors who, with those who helped select them, have produced this state-of-the-art volume on oxidant and antioxidant methodol- ogy. The topics included were chosen on the excellent advice of Bruce N. Ames, Enrique Cadenas, Balz Frei, Matthew Grisham, Barry HaUiwell, William Pryor, Catherine Rice-Evans, and Helmut Sies. To these col- leagues, I extend my sincere thanks and most grateful appreciation. LESTER PACKER iivx METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY EMULOV I. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV II. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV III. Preparation and Assay of Substrates Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV IV. Special Techniques for the Enzymologist Edited by YENDIS P. KCIWOLOC DNA NAHTAN O. NALPAK EMULOV V. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by YENDIS P. KCIWOLOC DNA NAHTAN O. NALPAK EMULOV VI. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes (Continued) Preparation and Assay of Substrates Special Techniques Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV VII. Cumulative Subject Index Edited by SIDNEY P, COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV VIII. Complex Carbohydrates Edited by ELIZABETH F. NEUFELD AND VICTOR GINSBURG EMULOV IX. Carbohydrate Metabolism Edited by SILLIW A. DOOW EMULOV X. Oxidation and Phosphorylation Edited by DLANOR W. KOORBATSE DNA DRANYAM E. NAMLLUP EMULOV XI. Enzyme Structure Edited by C. H. W. SRIH EMULOV XII. Nucleic Acids (Parts A and B) Edited by LAWRENCE GROSSMAN AND KIVIE MOLDAVE EMULOV XIII. Citric Acid Cycle Edited by J. .M NIETSNEWOL EMULOV XIV. Lipids Edited by J. M. NIETSNEWOL EMULOV XV. Steroids and Terpenoids Edited by DNOMYAR B. NOTYALC EMULOV XVI. Fast Reactions Edited by HTENNEK NITSUK xix XX METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY EMULOV XVII. Metabolism of Amino Acids and Amines (Parts A and B) by Edited TREBREH ROBAT DNA CELIA ETIHW ROBAT EMULOV XVIII. Vitamins and Coenzymes (Parts A, B, and C) Edited yb DLANOD B. KCIMRoCcM DNA LEUMEL D. THGIRW EMULOV XIX. Proteolytic Enzymes Edited by EDURTREG E. NNAMLREP DNA OLZSAL DNAROL EMULOV XX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part C) by Edited KIVIE EVADLOM DNA ECNERWAL NAMSSORG EMULOV XXI. Nucleic Acids (Part D) Edited yb ECNERWAL NAMSSORG DNA KIVIE EVADLOM EMULOV XXII. Enzyme Purification and Related Techniques by Edited MAILLIW B. YBOKAJ EMULOV XXIII. Photosynthesis (Part A) Edited by NAS YNOHTNA ORTEIP EMULOV XXIV. Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Fixation (Part B) Edited yb YNOHTNA NAS ORTEIP EMULOV XXV. Enzyme Structure (Part B) Edited by .C H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV XXVI. Enzyme Structure (Part C) Edited by .C H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV XXVII. Enzyme Structure (Part D) Edited yb .C H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV XXVIII. Complex Carbohydrates (Part B) by Edited ROTCIV GRUBSNIG EMULOV XXIX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part E) Edited yb ECNERWAL NAMSSORG DNA KIVIE EVADLOM EMULOV XXX, Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part F) Edited by KIVIE EVADLOM DNA ECNERWAL NAMSSORG EMULOV XXXI. Biomembranes (Part A) Edited by YENDIS REHCSIELF DNA RETSEL REKCAP EMULOV XXXII. Biomembranes (Part B) Edited yb YENDIS REHCSIELF DNA RETSEL REKCAP EMULOV XXXIII. Cumulative Subject Index Volumes I-XXX Edited by AHTRAM G. SINNED DNA DRAWDE A. SINNED EMULOV XXXlV. Affinity Techniques (Enzyme Purification: Part B) Edited by MAILLIW B. YBOKAJ DNA MEIR KEHCLIW EMULOV XXXV. Lipids (Part B) Edited by NHOJ .M NIETSNEWOL