TThhee LLeepipdiopdteorpoltoegircaollSoocgieitycal Society ooff JJaapapnan uetma LcpidoptertStcience64(3):103-107,November 2013 Ovipositio pnreferenc oef adult females of Llycaeide asrgyrognomon (Bergstrti s(sLeerp)idoptera: Lycaenidae) for three food plants :Indigqfera pseudo-tinctori aC,hinese-grown Indigojlei sup. and vacia cracca Eri OzAKIi) Keiko KoDAZ}* and Hirosh iNAKAMuRAi) , ]) Education and Research Center of Alpine Field Science ,Facult yofAgriculture, Shinsh Uuniversit yM,inamiminowa, Nagano,399-4598Japan 2) Institut eMountain Science ,Shinshu Universit yM,inamiminowa, Nagano, 399-4598 Japan Abstract Tb investigate the oviposition preferenc oef adult females of I",caeid easrgytvgnomon fo rthree food plants: Indigqfera pseudo-tinctoria (JPN- DCh,inese-grown Indigojic srpu. (CHA-D and Licia cracca, two kinds of experiments using the Richard method were carried out in 201 1 at the laborator oyf the Facult yof Agricultur oef Shinsh Uuniversity. When three p!ant swere sequentially presented a,ll females lai deggs on JPN-J and 66.7% of females laid eggs on CHA-L By contrast, no females lai deggs on V crzicca. The numbers ef eggs laid on JPN-I and CHA-I were 372 (77.8 %an)d 106 (22.2% )r,espectiycly. When JPN-I and CHA-I were simuEtaneously presentcd to each female, all females lai deggs on CHA-L The numbers of eggs lai don JPN-J and CHA-J were 456 (87.7% )and 64 {12.3% )r,espectively. Based on these results. we believe that females ofL. argynognomon do not lay eggs on V cracca in the ficl Tdh.e possibili tthyat L. argyrognomon uses CHA-I as a host plant is discussed. KeywordsChinese-grownindigqfernsp.,indigojlerapseudo-tinctoria,lycaeidesargyrognomon,ovipositionpreference, urciacraeca. Introduction study is to examine whether adult females of L. [,ycaeides ailgyFvgnomon (Bergstras sies ra )grassland argyrognomon may lay eggs on plant sother than JPN-L lycaeni dbutterf ldyesignate ads Endangered (EN) by the Ministry of the Environment (2012 )Th.is butterf liys Materials and methods distribut iend Japan, the Korean Peninsula, Northeastern InsectsAdult China, Europe and North America (Shiro z20u0,6) .In Japan, the larvae of this butterfl yfeed only on indigqflera females of L. ajgyrognomon were collected from pseudo-tincto r(iJaPN- D(Fukud eat aL, 1 984) .In contrast, several spots along the Otagir iRiver in Komagane City, many leguminous pl ants have been reported as host plants Nagano Prefecture ,Japan, on July 29, August 6, 20 1 1. ofL. argyrognomon larva ejn Europe and North America ([[lakaha2s00h7i),. P]antspecies KbdaandNakamura(2011)confirmedthatLatgyrognomon We used thre eleguminous species as test plants (Fig.1). larva egiven Chinese-grown Jndigqfera sp.(CHA-D were JPN-l was collected at the campus of the Faculty of able to grow well to adulthood. This plant was utilised in Agricultur Seh,inshu Universi taynd CHA-I was collected revegetational technology used on roadside slopes in Japan from a roadside slope in Minowa City ,Nagano Prefecture, through 1990 (Aib aand Natsume, 1995; Ybshida, 2008). Japan ,where i thas been plante dartificially for slope Additionall iyt ,has been reported that the survival rate of revegetation. V cracca was collected in Ina City, Nagano larva eof this species reared on Wcia cracca is 45.5% Prefectur Jea,pan. (Koda et al., 2012) .These studies suggest that Japanese larva eof the species may haye the potenti atlo feed on Ovipositio tnest leguminou splant sother than JPN-J. All experiments were carried out at room temperature It has been reported tha tin Japan l,arva oef L, aigytognomon with a photoperiod of 16L: 8D in the laborato royf the feed only on JPN-I because adult female slay eggs only Faculty of Agriculture of Shinshu Universit Wye, used the on JPN-I (Fuku deta al., 1984) .The purpos eofthe present Richard method to make female butterfli leasy eggs *Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected],jp NII-Electronic Library Service TThheLee piLdeoppteirdoloopgitcaelrSooclieotygical Society ooff JJaapapnan 104 E. OzAKI et aL compulsorily. Each female caught in the fiel dwas placed Experimen t1 wptiolt hai1nn6t:s O(tOhF. e i'oIvg i2b p.a)ovs, iotaiindodn ttoh oee qnhu ioaplmt elcnootwneddit i ctoonons toav iitnphiones gift it lfwairmgosem no 1ftlO at:emOspOt T2J0Ph1Ni -s1 Je. ,xAp3e ortifomCetnHatAl -ofIa nnwiadnse3o fcsaeVrtcrsir eadofcc oaovu)itpwoe soirntei opAnruegpu aserqtuei dpm1.e,N nt3i naend (53 iofn wtlefageaesgmsmipa e d rtdlaupeotrwewunarren sedd p waueo ytnri ie wn naat nasddhce ay ciloeafiqllfun yc icduaporltrl ainlt1ceeehnacdtrtl. ec i daAn,wgfat etsaen(erd 2rva 2a bt0tlohmhus iemtDs.n iu tn 2rrtde7ihiue-nat m3m.n eue0atmntb"htee,iCrr s . ,tEeigam cgehos,f fct1ohe.m cpmo Tcsawqeuldoipem s entwtwe roiefgs t h dwr2ieit5cvh ii adntnedhddei vir3ion0tdat utio acomtln hscr a ecisehenq u ghaenrencdoieug pthsht e shn(w oewwArnee,r eB iupasnneu d'dt Ii b nCbat)sloe 150 mm high) made of polyester cloth and then given oviposition p]ant sin the equipment. sugar solution as food. Fig .I.Three p]ant sused in this study. A/Incligqfljiztpsettdo-tin('tori aB(:J JPnNd-iIgq)f;ei' asp. (CHA-I); C:Vicia eutcca, Hlament iamp (100V36W) 10cm GIass plate rm> Unglazed Oviposition flowerpot (SizNeo.5) plant Fig. 7-. A sketch drawing of the oviposition equipmentfotlowingtheRichardmethod. Water NII-Electronic Library Service TThhee LLeepipdiopdteorpoltoegircaollSoocgieitycal Society ooff JJaapapnan Ovipositio pnrcferenc eof lycaeid aregysrognomon 105 Thblc 1. The number of eggs lai don three plant sin Expcriment 1. Rotatio n Invididual o era (JsePudNo--tinDctoria Ind(i CvH Aer-aD s . vaci acmcca Total group numberIndi DateNo.ofe s DateNo.ofe s DateNo. ofe s 123 8118/18Il 1948100 8/3g/38/3 o134S 815S15815 ooo 1961145 A 456 8/58/58/5 371128 8/1811g/1 oo13 8138t38t3 ooo 371141 B 789 8/38138I3 63858 8/58/5815 12716 811811811 ooo 751574 C Tbtal 37277.8% 10622.2% oo% 478100% % Experiment 2 Discussion This experiment was perfbrmed on August 8, 9, 11 and There have been some reports of L. argyrognomon feeding 1 2 in 20 1 1. Each of fiv efemale swas put into the oviposition on plant osther than JPN-I in Japan (Entomologi Scoacliety equipment with one JPN-J twig and one CHA-I twig 30 of Shinshu ,1976; Nihira 2,004; Yago, 2007) .Additionally, cm in height ithasbeenreportedthatthesurvivalratesofL.atgyrognomon larvae reared on CHA-I and V cracca are 69.2% and Statisti canaallysis 45.5%, respectively (Koda and Nakamura, 201 1; Koda et For statistica lanalyses, we employed the Friedman test al., 2012) ,Based on these studies, it can be said that L. using the data set of al1 individua lisn Experiment 1 ,and argyrognomon larvae of Japan are able to feed on some Wilcoxon rank sum test in Experiment 2. leguminous pl ants other than JPN-l and grow to adulthood. In the present study, we found that adult females of L, aegyrognomon did not lay eggs on V cracca, even though ResultsExperiment larvae are able to feed on i t(ZLbl 2e) .Thus, we believe 1 that L. argyrognomon larva edo not feed on V ciucca in Tlihen Tegau bnmulimen be1or .usT sphle a nonufmtb (esergJgsPN o-fwe hICgigcH,shA- I1wae airnecd lb y V l ocnareaic cdfao)enm a talrheee r sahntoghwendree tesaxnhtdpuee dr fyKi,iea netwcleeo dsb, 2eu 0csme0aady4u)s f ,e iFifnoeeflrml dtau-hlceieans us crogdeevhaoist ponfonose,tim t aitllohaeneys o,eppg rtgbeismufu etm ornoeyn ii cpcteoo us(.IrisHnte iitohn rjiossta ftndowrio of-ftmfeh bim1rrad4esl5n e cto slieof a nsf 1ited1h eme. g agAnsullmbel e osr(fnse6 mV6a ,l coe7rfas%c e clg)alga.saiid do T1nehag geiCsrd Hoen A ow- netLrh eeJ BPt Nsyhi-r gcIeonnei tpfwrhialisclatae,nntts taroe tauersceehd nf iiequnm etahl ef el oswahr ibcchaogrea h tpaovareiy rn.oitn ygofet Ll.a iadr g,Wyreog nnoemeodn to est aabdluilsths (p = 2.13 × 10-` ;Friedman test for the data set of total Watanabe and Miyashit a(2006 )report that fycaeides females). subsolanus larvae were found to feed on vaci apseudo- orobus,whichwasnotknownasahostplantofthisbuttediy Experiment 2 at the time. They suggested tha tL. subsolanus larvae might feedonVpse"do-orohusbecauseitisdistributedtogether TiTChhHn eeAT-l nLanuubmmblbe eer2Nrs.u Amlb le o orfffse eemgg gagossfl e e lg sllgaaasiii d od rdenwagang sJsgeP d gNonr- feI br aaoonttdme h ro1JCn6PHN 9AJ -t-IPoI Na7n- ad1rI.e tCF hHosahArno-w enLgogn bwLniou.t ttha trbg eyevrreaofgnclnio y mkaT. onaunnosiwhjunigta, aa seot n w aha Milhc.eh,ol si(tt 2piolts0 tua1hsn e 3qt fpTf.)brhiuiuinmscda,i erwngey agh asl olbi bseaastln ,pdi lw eahlivnc athte rhofavt tah, aheoadsifs nasunemdtbe or Cfs,H aA5si -gfIneifmi cCaanpl t<edi sfOf).er.Oen1 c; eWwaislfOcunodbxeotwne ernaJnPNk-I sum test fbr the data icrna ctcah,ese icfa ise tsi,s dLi.s atrgryirobgnuomt otenodgethe rl waitrhva JemPaNy-L feed on V NNIII-IE-leEcltreoncitcronic Library Service TThhee LLeepipdiopdteorpoltoegircaollSoocgieitycal Society ooff JJaapapnan 106 E, OzAKI et al. Tbble 2. The number of eggs rai don Jndigqt?i prsaeudo-tinctoria (JPN- Dand Indigqfer asp. (CHA-D in Experiment 2. Invididua l 8f8 819 8111 8/12 Tbtal number JPN-I CHA-I JPN.I CHA-iJPN-ICHA-iJPN.I CHA-IJPN.I CHA-I 1011*1213113464253336613710 386283044 2o2313 18 2 10 o 7970669614]5o162324 10752 113o 32613 oo1 Tbtal% 17186.4%2713.6% 1468S.O%2012.0% 8784.5% 1615.5% 5298.]% ]1.9% 45687.7%6412.3% ': lndividua Nlo. 11 died on August 11. Larvae of a pierid butterf lEyureina taet awere believed Zinaka, H. Tbnaka, M. Wakabayashi andYl Whtanabc, 1984. fOr a long time to feed only on Chamaecrist anomame in ThelifehistoriesofbuttediiesinJapan.IJI,373pp.Hoikusya, Japan (Shiro 2z0u06,). However, it was recently reported Osaka. (I nJapanese) that populations of E. Iaeta in Shizuoka, Aichi and Gifu Hireta ,T. and Y/ Kato. 2004. Colo rdiscriminati oonn orientation Prefectur ehsave increase bdecause of host shift from C. of female Eurema hecabe (Lepidopte rPai:eridae )A.ppL nomame to Chamaecrista nictitans, which i sa naturalized Entemol. Zool. 39: 229-233. plant (Ueyama ,2009). In recent times, CHA-I has been Koda, K, and H. Nakarnura, 2011. Comparison of survival and iTmcaamhyspeeor recot hfeia Ends g.ft eIrheao iemo tbtC vshahio.iosunsta pf lpbarrn uots efbr aiobnm is llJoPpie Ntt-y hIrae vtt eogLe .tC aHtaiArog-nyLrvg inaosn mJ ioann ptahne. Ko d adi,(s penL.KvdLe.eeip,p lgiEidoq..pf dOmeo zerpSanactktp ieIis o. r6rfeay2ua ncL,dd:a yoe1 cn-H2iat.1de i-aNin1eadc)2 rket6eaas o.raemrcrlugiyrar aooang,nn otd2mwC0oo1nh2 id.ni etTsfh eee(-r Bgse ufrenroovtriowvgdna lpisln tadarnnidtgasqs,fseteur) Koda and Nakamura (2011 )pointed out two deciding deve]opment of Lycaeides argyTvgnomon (Bergstrtisser) factors in determining whether L. ailgyrognomon can use {Lcpidoptera:Irycaenidae)rearedontendifferentleguminous CHA-I as a host plant :1 ) Does the adult butterfl ylay eggs p]ant sfor searching the potenti afleeding habits L.qpid. Sci. on CHA-I? and 2) Does the adult butterf mloyve around 63i 178-185, MinistryoftheEnvironment,2012.ThefourthRedListoflnsects it shabita atnd find CHA-I? In the presen tstudy, we found (2012),MinistryoftheEnvironrnent.http:/lwww.env.go.jpt tChHaAt -6I6i.n7 E%x pofe rLi. mae,lngy tr1 og(noTmolnab 2l) ea nfde malall feesm laalie d sleaggis de ggosn pJraepsasnlefsiel)e-view.php?serial=2 1&5h5o5u-id =15619, (In on CHA-I in Experiment 2 ([Rib 3l)e .Koda and Nakamura Nihira ,I. ,2004. Larvae Food Plants ofJapanese Butterfiies ,102 (20 1 1) report that there were no significant differenc iens pp. Tbkyo. (I nJapanese) the survival rate between eggs 1ai don JPN-I and CHA-I Shirozu, T., 2006. The Standard of Butterfii eisn Japan .336 pp. and the pupal weight of individuals reared on CHA-I was Gakken, Tokyo. (I nJapanese) heavie rthan that of those on JPN-L Based on these results, Thkahashi ,M., 2007. A problem on the food plant of Plebojtts the possibilit ythat L, argyrognomon may use CHA-I as argytognomon (Bergstrli s17s7e9r) ,(Lycaenid aien )Japan a host plant is considered to be high, where CHA-I is and the vicinity. Gekkan-Mushi (439 )l 8:-21 .(I nJapanese) distribut etdogether with JPN-L Furthe rresearch is lhshita M,,, H. Yamazaki, S. Ueda, S, Usami, K. Koda and H. necessary to investigat ewhether L. argyrognomon is fbund Nakamura,2013.Lowersurvivalrateofathreatenedbutterfly, in areas where CHA-I is growing. Plebojus arg),rognomon (Bergstrtis s(eLre)pidoptera, bycaenidae)onanaturalizedplanl,Melilotusqficinalisalba. Lqpid .Sci .64:10-17 ,(InJapanese) References Ueyama, S., 2009. Eurema laet afeedin gon Chamaecrist anictitans A i ba, tFohE a rnaenkvdiega e Stat, toNi omanixtatlusreum ete, csho] wni9onlg9o5gy. A pofp b lAyil cfnauatsci f eo oinoffr sFml hoaaopnendk i-Ia n Emdfaitfegeroica jtlobfru Wa talaJtla atpbhaeen M,eA,sb eea) nrdiYver. MSiuynaugsahi tnoa , 21e(0b6n.4 ,vua '(c2i a2ps8e) u6d:3o-1o2r-o6b3us15 . as( Ian p(sIeundJoa-tpiancnteosriea) -. J JQp. Soc. Reveget .foch .20: 248-254. nLeywcIaarevnaildfoaoed)p.la nTt}ofuLniysc .aLeeidpeissdt ,tShsoocla. nJuasp(Laenpi d5op7t:e r]a2,3-126. E Fnu tkou md(oa3l,) Ho.1.g8,i0Ec .pa HplSa. omScah,iineTg t.oayfKku lSzchuai yiNna,as,ghAau. n,1To9l. 7a(6kI.a BnnJuaatpsathneiMer,.sfeTi)bi okefas hSahsihniaB,n.o Y a go,Hi onMks.ue,rc yt2uo0kr0au7 nm. J, aLTpybocnkaiyceoon.r iu(dmIa ne J .caoIplnoa rYneaet sanea t)Our.a ](i eedd,i t)la,c epnpo. g5r2a-p8h2i,a NII-Electronic Library Service TThhee　 LLeepipdiopdteorpoltoegiroaollogical　 SSoooiceityety 　ooff　 JJaapapnan Ovipositio　npreferenc　oefLycaeides 　argyrognomon 107 「’ YOShida，　H ．，2008．The　main 　pOint　and 　prOblem 　Of GuidanC　eOf 産卵させた実験では，在来コ マ ツナギへ は全ての個体が産 　　basic　thinking　in　slope　revegetation 　for　nature 　restorationll 卵 したが 中国産コ マ ツ ナギには実験に供した9個体中6 　　that　Slop　eRevegetatio　Rnesearc　hGroup　proposed（Problems 個体 （66．79。）が産卵した．またクサフ ジにはどのメス も 　　細 dthe　prospec　ton 　the　working 　sites　of　slope 　revegetation 産卵しなかっ た．在来コマ ツナギへ の産卵数は372卵（77，8％） 　　　　Rfo餾r　re9s砿tora翫tionん．　3o3f：　n4a5tu4r−a4l5　8p．l（aInn　t　Jcaompranunneitsye） ）．　J．　Jap．∫oo． 卵であ（2一っ22た％の）にで対あしってた，．中在国来産ココママツツナナギギとへ中の国産産卵コ数マはツ1ナ06 ギを 緒に用い た実験では，すべ ての メス （5個体）が中 摘　　要 国産 コマ ツ ナギに産卵した．この実験での在来コ マ ツナギ へ の産卵数は456卵 （87．7％）であっ たの に対して，中国 3種の植物 （在来コ マ ツナギ，中国産コ マ ツナギ，クサ 産コ マ ツナギへ の産卵数は64卵 （12．39e）であっ た．この フ ジ）に・対するミヤ・マ シジミの メス成虫の産卵選択 （尾 結果より，野外ではミヤマ シジミ幼虫がクサフ ジを食べ な 崎絵理 江田慧子 中村寛志） いの は，メス成虫がクサフジに産卵しない からであると考 在来コ マ ツナギ，中国産 コマ ツナギおよび クサフ ジに対す えられた．またミヤマ シジミが申国産コ マ ツナギを食草と る ミヤマ シ ジミの メス 成虫の 産卵選択を調べ るために， する可能性につ い て考察した． ー 2部01昆1年虫生に態リ学シ研ャ究ル室法でを行用っ いたた．32種つ のの植実験物をを信順州番大に学用農い 学て （Received　March　7，　2013．　Accepted　September　2．2013） 一 NNI工I工-EElleoetcrotniroonic　 LLiibrbarryary 　Service