JLmerican Short Stories Tor Students O ft S L JEAN 5. MULLEN * OUTSIDERS OUTSIDERS American Short Stories for Students of ESL Jean S. Mullen Northeastern University Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Mullen, Jean S., (date) Outsiders. 1. English language—Text-books for foreign speakers. I. Title. PE1128.M748 1984 428.2'4 83-22946 ISBN 0-13-645366-X Editorial/production supervision and interior design by Lisa A. Dominguez Cover design by George Cornell Manufacturing buyer: Harry P. Baisley © 1984 by Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 0-13-bM53bb-X Prentice-H all International, Inc., London Prentice-H all of A ustralia Pty. Limited, Sydney Editora Prentice-H all do Brazil, Ltda., Rio de Janeiro Prentice-H all Canada Inc., Toronto Prentice-H all of India Private Limited, New Delhi Prentice-H all of Japan, Inc., Tokyo Prentice-H all of Southeast Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore W hitehall Books Limited, Wellington, New Zealand To my mother and father, who loved the study of language and literature Copyrights and Acknowledgments “On the Outside/' by August W. Derleth, from Writers in Revolt: The Anvil Anthology, 1933-1940. Eds., Jack Conroy and Curt Johnson (New York: Law­ rence Hill and Company, 1973). Reprinted by permission of Arkham House Publishers, Inc. "Sorrow for a Midget," from Something in Common, by Langston Hughes. Copyright © 1963 by Langston Hughes. Copyright © 1935, 1944, 1952, 1958, 1960 by Langston Hughes. Copyright © 1933, 1934 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Hill and Wang, a division of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, Inc. "I Want to Work," from Puzzled America, by Sherwood Anderson. Copyright © 1935 by Charles Scribner's Sons. Renewed 1962 by Eleanor Copenhaver An­ derson. Reprinted by permission of Harold Ober Associates Incorporated. "The Loudest Voice," from The Little Disturbances of Man, by Grace Paley. Copyright 1959 by Grace Paley. Reprinted by permission of Viking Penguin, Inc. "The Test," by Angelica Gibbs. Reprinted by permission; © 1940, 1978 The New Yorker Magazine. "Senor Payroll," by William E. Barrett, from the Southwest Review. Copyright © 1943 by University Press in Dallas. Reprinted by permission of Harold Ober Associates Incorporated. Copyrights and Acknowledgments vii "Going Home," from Inhale and Exhale', by William Saroyan (New York: Random House, 1936). Reprinted by permission of the Estate of William Saroyan. "Mr. K*A*P*L*A*N and Vocabulary," from The Education of Hyman Kaplan, by Leonard Q. Ross; copyright 1937 by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.; renewed 1965 by Leo Rosten. Reprinted by permission of the publisher. "Hawsmoot," by Peter Lars Sandberg. Reprinted by permission of the author. "Rope," by Katherine Anne Porter. Copyright 1930, 1958 by Katherine Anne Porter. Reprinted from her volume, Flowering Judas and Other Stories, by per­ mission of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. "His Secret Garden," by Blanche McNamara, from "The Poet's Workshop," The Writer, May 1970. Reprinted by permission of The Writer. "A Plea," by John Ciardi, from In the Stoneworks, 1961. Reprinted by permission of the poet. "Soldier's Home," by Ernest Hemingway, from In Our Time. Copyright 1925, 1930 by Charles Scribner's Sons; copyright renewed 1953, 1958 by Ernest Hemingway (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1925, 1930). Reprinted with the permission of Charles Scribner's Sons. Contents Preface xix Introduction and Guide to the Reading 1. A "Scientific" Approach to Literature 2 Fiction in Three Dimensions 2. Literary Terms 6 Literary Terms Used in Discussing Fiction 3. Vocabulary: An Introduction 9 The Vocabulary Aids 4. Vocabulary: Explanation and Guide 10 An Explanation of the Vocabulary Aids Contents 5. Vocabulary: Abbreviations 12 6. Language Conversion: The Historical Present 16 A New Use for the Present Tense II “On the Outside/' August W. Derleth 1. Reading: Making the Right Inferences 25 The "Art” of Reading 2. Study Questions 27 Discovering the Story through Observation and Inference 3. Discussion: Review/Report 28 Taking a Closer Look at the Story 4. Vocabulary Practice: Word Forms 30 Find the Right Word Forms 5. Composition: A. Using Transitions 31 Who Is Really "On the Outside"? B. Analyzing The Model Composition 32 III "Sorrow for a Midget," Langston Hughes 1. Study Questions 42 Understanding the Story through Observation and Inference