Out of Paradise Eve and Adam and their Interpreters Edited by Bob Becking and Susanne Hennecke OUT OF PARADISE Hebrew Bible Monographs, 30 Series Editors David J.A. Clines, J. Cheryl Exum, Keith W. Whitelam Editorial Board A Graeme Auld, Francis Landy, Hugh S. Pyper, Stuart D.E. Weeks OUT OF PARADISE EVE AND ADAM AND THEIR INTERPRETERS edited by Bob Becking and Susanne Hennecke SHEFFIELD PHOENIX PRESS 2011 Copyright © 2010 Shef(cid:2)eld Phoenix Press Published by Shef(cid:2)eld Phoenix Press Department of Biblical Studies, University of Shef(cid:2)eld 45 Victoria Street, Shef(cid:2)eld S3 7QB www.shef(cid:2)eldphoenix.com All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without the publishers’ permission in writing. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Typeset by Forthcoming Publications Printed by Lightning Source Hardback ISBN 978-1-907534-00-3 CONTENTS Abbreviations vii List of Contributors ix Introduction xi ONCE IN A GARDEN: SOME REMARKS ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE IDENTITY OF WOMAN AND MAN IN GENESIS 2–3 Bob Becking 1 THE CHARACTER OF EVE IN THE NEW TESTAMENT: 2 CORINTHIANS 11.3 AND 1 TIMOTHY 2.13-14 Geert van Oyen 14 THE LONG SHADOW OF HUMAN SIN: AUGUSTINE ON ADAM, EVE AND THE FALL Willemien Otten 29 IS WOMAN JUST A MUTILATED MALE? ADAM AND EVE IN THE THEOLOGY OF THOMAS AQUINAS Harm Goris 50 HUMANITY IS A MICROCOSM: ADAM AND EVE IN LUTHER’S LECTURES ON GENESIS (1535–45) Theo M.M.A.C. Bell 67 ADAM AND EVE AS LATECOMERS: THE PRE-ADAMITE SPECULATIONS OF ISAAC LA PEYRÈRE (1596–1676) Willem J. van Asselt 90 THE PROMISE OF A SALUTARY DIFFERENCE: ADAM AND EVE IN THE THEOLOGY OF FRIEDRICH SCHLEIERMACHER Heleen Zorgdrager 108 vi Out of Paradise A DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE: KARL BARTH AND LUCE IRIGARAY LOOKING AT MICHELANGELO’S THE CREATION OF EVE Susanne Hennecke 124 PARADISE LOST, GROWTH GAINED: EVE’S STORY REVISITED— GENESIS 2–4 IN A FEMINIST THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Anne-Marie Korte 140 EVE AND ‘WOMEN’S COMMANDMENTS’ IN ORTHODOX JUDAISM PERSPECTIVE Eric Ottenheijm 157 CREATED ANEW: MUSLIM INTERPRETATIONS OF THE MYTH OF ADAM AND EVE Karel Steenbrink 174 Index of References 191 Index of Authors 196 ABBREVIATIONS AB Anchor Bible ATD Das Alte Testament Deutsch BibInt Biblical Interpretation BK Biblischer Kommentar BZAW Beihefte zur ZAW CCSL Corpus christianorum: Series latina. Turnhout, 1953– CSEL Corpus scriptorum ecclesiasticorum latinorum EKK Evangelisch-katholischer Kommentar FAT Forschungen zum Alten Testament FRLANT Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments JSOT Journal for the Study of the Old Testament JSOTSup Journal for the Study of the Old Testament: Supplement Series JSS Journal of Semitic Studies KJV King James Version NRSV New Revised Standard Version NTD Das Neue Testament Deutsch NTOA Novum Testamentum et orbis antiquus OTS Old Testament Studies RSV Revised Standard Version SBLDS SBL Dissertation Series SSN Studia semitica neerlandica USQR Union Seminary Quarterly Review WBC Word Biblical Commentary ZAW Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 1 1 LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Willem J. van Asselt is Professor of Historical Theology at the Evangelische Theologische Faculteit in Louvain. Previously he taught Church History at Utrecht University. Bob Becking is senior research Professor of Bible, Identity and Religion in the Faculty of Humanities, Utrecht University. Theo M.M.A.C. Bell is Lecturer Emeritus in Systematic Theology at the former Catholic Theological University, Utrecht. Harm Goris is Lecturer in Systematic Theology at the Tilburg School of Theology. Susanne Hennecke is Lecturer in Systematic Theology at Utrecht University and leader of a research project in Systematic Theology at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University in Bonn, Germany. Anne-Marie Korte is Professor of Religion and Gender at Utrecht University and Director of the Dutch Research School for Theology and Religion (NOSTER). Willemien Otten is Professor of Church History at the University of Chicago and Professor Emeritus of Utrecht University. Eric Ottenheijm is Lecturer in New Testament and Judaic Studies at Utrecht University. Geert van Oyen is Professor of New Testament in the Faculty of Theology of the Université Catholique de Louvain. Karel Steenbrink is Professor Emeritus of Intercultural Theology at Utrecht University. Heleen Zorgdrager is a Minister in the Protestant Church of the Netherlands (PKN). 1