Ottoman War and Peace <<UUNN>> The Ottoman Empire and Its Heritage Politics, Society and Economy Edited by Suraiya Faroqhi Boğaç Ergene Founding Editor Halil İnalcık (d. 2016) Advisory Board Fikret Adanır – Antonis Anastasopoulos – Idris Bostan Palmira Brummett – Amnon Cohen – Jane Hathaway Klaus Kreiser – Hans Georg Majer – Ahmet Yaşar Ocak Abdeljelil Temimi volume 68 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/oeh <UN> Ottoman War and Peace Studies in Honor of Virginia H. Aksan Edited by Frank Castiglione Ethan L. Menchinger Veysel Şimşek leiden | boston <UN> Cover illustration: Johann Georg Heck, ed., Iconographic Encyclopædia of Science, Literature and Art, vol.3, trans. Spencer F. Baird (New York: 1851), pp. 536–539, Section V, Plate 23, fig 1–17. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Castiglione, Frank, editor. | Menchinger, Ethan L., editor. | Şimşek, Veysel, editor. | Aksan, Virginia H., honoree. Title: Ottoman war and peace : studies in honor of Virginia H. Aksan / edited by Frank Castiglione, Ethan L. Menchinger, Veysel Şimşek. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2020] | Series: Ottoman Empire and its heritage: Politics, Society and Economy, 1380-6076 ; Volume 68 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019037927 (print) | LCCN 2019037928 (ebook) | ISBN 9789004413139 (hardback) | ISBN 9789004413146 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918. | Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918--Historiography. | Turkey--History, Military. | Turkey--Social conditions--1288-1918. | Turkey--Intellectual life. | Turkey--Ethnic relations. Classification: LCC DR486 .O8828 2020 (print) | LCC DR486 (ebook) | DDC 355.020956/0903--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019037927 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019037928 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 1380-6076 ISBN 978-90-04-41313-9 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-41314-6 (e-book) Copyright 2020 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense, Hotei Publishing, mentis Verlag, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh and Wilhelm Fink Verlag. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. <UN> In Memory of Oktay Aksan December 31, 1934 – November 13, 2013 ∵ <UN> <UN> Contents Acknowledgments  xiii List of Illustrations  Xiv Notes on Contributors  XVi Publications by Virginia H. Aksan  xviii Introduction  1 Frank Castiglione, Ethan L. Menchinger and Veysel Şimşek   Part 1 Ottoman Military and Society 1 Crime among the Janissaries in the Ottoman Golden Age  13 Linda T. Darling 2 The Trouble with Timars: An Excursion into a Seventeenth-Century Documentary Landscape  35 Victor Ostapchuk 3 Ottoman Observers of Ottoman War in the 17th Century  63 Mark Stein 4 The Azadlu Gunpowder Works: Catalyst for the Military Industry Complexes of Istanbul  72 Kahraman Şakul 5 Drill and Discipline as a Civilizing Process: The Genesis of the Modern Soldier in the Ottoman Empire, 1789–1826  101 Fatih Yeşil 6 Armatole Families in the 18th Century Balkans  124 Molly Greene 7 Under Fire and Lice: Experiences of an Ottoman Soldier in the First World War and the Turkish War of Independence (1919–1922)  143 Veysel Şimşek <UN>