OPENINTGH E\tV ISDOMD OORO FT HI MadhyamaSkcah ool by KhenchPeanl dSehne rRaibn poche and KhenpTos e\vDaonngg yRailn poche OPENINTGH EW ISDOMD OORO FT HE MadhyamaSkcah ool by KhenchPeanl dSehne rRaibn poche and KhenpTos ewaDnogn gyRailn poche EditbeyAnd d rewC ooakn dD aviMde llins Openintgh eW isdoDmo oro ft heM adhyamaSkcah ool Copyri©g h2t0 0K7h enchPeanl deSnh eraRbi npocahned KhenpTos ewanDgo ngyaRli npoche Alrli ghrtess ervNeod p.a rotf m atermi,atlby e r eproduicnea dn y formo rb ya nym eanse,l ectroornm iecc haniicnacll,u ding photocopying, roerbc yoa rndyii nnfgo,r matsitoonr aagnedr etrieval systewmi,t hopurti owrr ittpeenr missfiio'not lh11ea uthors. PublishbeydD harma Samudra. PadmaS amyLei ng 618 Buddha Highway 13839 SidneCye nteNrY, (60876)58 -068 wvvwp.a dmasabmh ava.org 0-9659339-6-2 ISBN: CONTENTS Acknowledg.e.ment.s .. 9 . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . Introduction . . . 13 . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . Th8e4 ,0T0ea0c hionftg hsBe u ddha 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BeginDniisncgu osfMs aidohn yamaka . 16 . . . . . ... .. . . . . . .. . . . . BhaveakvRaie vfuBtuedsd hapalita 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ChandrRaekfiurBttheias v aviveka . 19 i . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . ShantaraankMdsa hdihtyaa maka 20 . . . .. . . . . ..... . . . .. . . . . . . . QuestainoAdnn ss wers 22 . . . . .. . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-fistory 27 . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HowS vatanMtardihkyaaCm aamkteaoT b ie.t... ......2.7. .... HowP rasaMnagdihkyaa CmaakmtaeoT ib.e. .t. . . . .... . . ... 30 ThSev atanMtardihkyaao mfaT hkiaSs h edra . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . .... RevioefSw v atanMtardhiykaaTm eaackhai .ngs . 35 . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . Beneoffti htNesa tuArsIe It s . .3 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . .. . . . . . MadhyaImBsae kyao <;:nodn ceptio.n . . 41 . . . . . . .. . . . . . .... . . . . . MadhyaamnaPdkr aa jnap.a.r.a.m.i.t.a. ......4.2. ......... QuestainoAdnn ss wers . 46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . .. . . RangtaonnSdgh entong . . 49 . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . SvataMnatdrhiykaam aka . .. . 50 . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . KhencBhoednh isSahtatnvtaa,r akshita 50 . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . LongchaennMdpi ap hRaimn poch.e . 52 . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . RelaatniAdvb es oTlruutteh .. . 55 . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .... RefutthiSena gm enoefts hTsew oT ruths . 55 . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . 1. ErrOonre 55 . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.E rrTo"rv o . . . . . 56 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . 3.E rror Thre.e . . 56 . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . 4.Er roFro u.r ........................................5 6· RefuttihneSg e parateonfte hseTsw oT ruth.s. ......... ......5 7 1E.r roOrn e. .......................... ..............58 2E.r roTrwo ..... . ...................................5 8 3.Er ror T.h.r..e..e. ................................5.8 4.Er roFro u.r . . . . ...................................5.9 Valid Cognaintdti hoeTnw oT ruth.s. ..........6.0. .......... Meaninogft hTew oT ruth.s. ......... ....................6 2 ..................6.4. ............ JnanagarTbwhoaT 'rust hs The FoCuart egoorifRe esl atTiruvteh . .....................6 4 TwoD ivisioofAn bss oluTtruet h.. ..................... .... 65 Madhyamaaknad t hVea jraya..na... .........................6 9 .....71 Absenocfea S ingularP launrSdae ll f-ExiNsattiunrge .. .. RefutSiinngg ula.r..it.y.. ..............................7.2 RefutiPnlgru ali.t..y. ................................... 74 HowD o PhenomeRneaa lElxyi s.t?.. .....................7. 5 ... . 76 FurthCehra racteroifAs btsioclsua tnedR elatTiruvteh . ... . . ... 79 TheF ivEes senPtoiianlot fsY ogcah aarM adhyamak.a. .... . 1F.u nctiona..l.i.t.y... ................................. 79 2I.n dependSeenltfw -aAreenss. ...........................7 9 3.In tertiyo-PrhienomeansaM entaPlr oject.i..o..n.s.. . ....8 0 4.Co untabalnedU ncountaAbblseo luTrtuet h.. .............8 0 5.Gr aduAaplp roatcohU ncounbtlaAeb soulteTr uth. .........82 Uncountable ATbrustoh.l .u..t.e.. .......................8 4 Svatantrika-PDriasstainngciGtkriaao dnu:Va elr suIsn sta..nt..8 4 TheF ivGer eaRte asonionfMg asd hyama.k.a.. ................8 7 91 TheF irst Great oRfeM aasdohynaimnagk .a ................... 1R.e sulDtos N otA risFer omT hemsel.v.e..s. ..........9.2. .. 2R.e sulDtos N otA risFer omO ther.s. ...................9.2. 3.Re sulDtosN otA risFer omS elofrO the.r.. ...............9 4 4.R esuDloNt osAt r iFsreoN mo thWihnagt so.e.v.e.r .9 4 . . . . . . GeneRreavli ew . . . 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . DistinBcettiwoSenvesan t aanntPdrr iaksaa Mnagdihkyaa ma9k7a ... Revioeftw h Fei rGsrteR aeta soonfMi andgh ya.m.a.k.a .9 9 . . . . . ThSee coGnrdeR aeta soonfJli vnlga dh.yama.ka 101 . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . 1.P henomDeoNn oaAt r iFsreo Emx istence 102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.P henomDeoNn oaAt r iFsreoN mo nexis.t.en.ce. 103 . . . . . . . . 3.P henomDeon aNA ortiF sreoB mo tEhx istence anNdo nexistence 103 . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.P henomDeoNn oaAt r iFsreo m Noth.ingne.s1s0 3 . . . . . . . . .. . AlilEs m ptiness 104 . . . . . . . .... . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NagarAjruynaad,ae nvtdah ,e RFeiavseo nin.gs 105 . . . . . . . . . . . . . General Re.v.i..e.w .. . ... .1 07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . EmptianneCdsl sa rit.y . 108 . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . ThTeru eN atuorfAe p pearance.s. . . 110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ThTeh iGrrde Raeta soonfMi andgyh amak.a.. .. . .1 13 . . . . . . . . . . . RelatiBoentswhCeiaepun sa ensRd e su.l.ts 114 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DoC auasneRd e sOuclctSu irm ultaneously?, 1 .1 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DoC auasneRd e sMualkteC ontact.? .. . lIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ThFeo urthR eGarseoaontfMi andgh yamaka. 117 . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . RevietwhiPenu gro psoefM adhyamaka . 119 . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . ThFei fGtrheR aeta soonfMi andgh yamaka. . . . 121 . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . � AbsoTlruutatenh Vd a lCiodg nition . . 125 . . . . . . . . . .... . . . .. . . . QuestainoAdnn ss wers. . 127 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . . DzogcabneMdna d hyakmaa. . .... . .. 131 . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . Conucslion . .133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. . . . .. AboutA utthhe.o rs . . 139 . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .... . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . OthPeurb licbaytt hiAeou hntos.r .s ... .. ...1 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Endnotes 147 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TheS amyTer anslatGiroonu wpo ulldi kteot hank evewrhyoo ne wasi nvolivneh de lpibnrgi ntgh ipsr joectto fr uitiIonnp .a rticwuel ar, woulldi kteot hanAkn dreCwo okf ohri jso yfula ndd iligeenffto ritns complettihnigbs o oka nde dititnhge ster anscripWtitihoonusht.i s aspitriaoannsd h arwdo rk,t hibso ocko ulndo th avbee ecno mpleitne d sucah s hort peorfti iomdeT .h ankasr'ea lswoe ldle servbyeD da vid MellinsK eaintEdhn dof otrh eeixret nsihveel p weidtiht ianngdb, y AnnH elmf ohre rh elwpi th Ttihbee taanndS ansktreirtm Wse. w ould alsloi kteo t hantkh em any peoplweh o helpetdr anisbcert hese teachings, iAnnciJl ouadniAinnegd raMsa,r yA nnD oychaKke,i th EndoB,e bFae boC,o liFno otaen,dP ernaT arAad.d itional gtoheasn ks outt oR itFar izzfeohlrel ra ssistianpn rceep artihnetge xatn dc ovefro' r publishtioSn ujga,t Gah osfho hre rh elp wfiintaehld itianngd, P teorn a Dragpfao hri wso rk with eadnidl taiyunotg. Asa lwa,yw sea rdee epglrya tefulA ntiLo o rraOi'nReuo rkaen dP erna Tsultrfiomtr h esitre adfaadsmti nistrhaetlwipiv tePh a dmasahmabva BuddhiCsetn ter. We wouladl so tloit khea nakl tlh er esidsetnatoff f P admaS amye Linwgh osweo rka ctivseulpyp ortthseK henpRoi npocbaecst'i vities locaalnldyi nternaltliWyoe.n aalswoi stho e xtenodu rt hanktsoa ll memberasn dfr iendosf theP admasambhBauvdad hiCsetn ter worldwifdoetr h eciorn stsaunptp oorvte mra nyy ears. Mosti mpotrantwleyo ,ff eoru rh eartgfrealtti taunddde e votitoon thVee nerabKlhee npRoi npocfhoebrsl essuisn gw itthheo pportunity tor eceiavnedp racttihceesp er ofoutneda icnhgWse. h umblrye quest 9 Openitnhge 1WDlio1so dorotf h Mead hymnSackhao ol that KhPeanlcdShehenen rR aibn poacnhKdeh enTpseow aDnogn gyal Rinpoccohnet tiont uuert nhw eh eoefDl h anannawd,e o ffperra yers fotrh eliorna gnh de alltihvye s. Wes incaesrfkeo lryg ifvreonamelw slis s dboemi nhgosl,do eftr hse teachainndrg esa,d feorarsl e lr roarnsmd iseirnptretoaftt hieo ns teachpirnegsisent n htti esxVve tw.e lcaonmsyegu gestoinho onwts o imprtohvteee xt. Maye verywohnore e atdhsib so oukn derstthavena dla uned meanoifnt gh epirre chiuomuasln iM faeyt. h ehiirg haesspti rbaet ions flufilfloetrdh b ee neofifat lb le ings. 10 OpenitnhgWie s domD ooorft hAtela dhaymakSach ool SHERDAY EART HRE:E SVATANTRIKA1v 1ADHAYMAKA TeachingT:h Se vataiMlatdrhiykaaom faS khaa ntarakshita (YogaScvhaatraanM tadrhiykaam aackcao)r ding to the commoefMn itpahrRaiimen sp oacnhde Longchenpa. TeachersV:e nerKahbelnecP haeeinndS herRaibn poacnhde VenerKahbelnTeps oe wDaonngg Ryianlp oche. Time: Augu2s7tt oS epte1m,b2e0r0 5. Place: PaldPcand mSaa mLyicn Mgo nasatneRdre yt reat CetneUrp,s tNaetwYe o rk. Reitnue: Thitroft oyr sttyu dceanmtes fromt hwaeor roludn d top arttiiec nsi ipdxaa yosfi ntensstiuvdey of TibeBtuadnd hpihsitl osophy. 11