PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 109(4):707-7I4. 1996 On the status of Pachycheles laevidactylus Ortmann, 1892 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Porcellanidae) Alan W. Harvey and Elizabeth M. De Santo Department ofInvertebrates, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, U.SA. — Abstract. Pachycheles laevidactylus Ortmann, 1892, previously considered a synonym ofthe eastern Pacific P. grossimanus (Guerin-Meneville, 1835), has been found to be a distinct species. Examination of type and non-type speci- mens of P. laevidactylus, P. grossimanus, and the western Atlantic P. haigae Rodrigues da Costa, 1960 also demonstrated thatP. haigae is ajunior synonym of P. laevidactylus. Guerin-Meneville (1835) briefly de- pers. comm.) and thus are probably the scribed the porcelain crab Porcellana gros- same specimens studied by Ortmann. Our simana from specimens collected in Chile; examination of these specimens indicates later he provided a more complete descrip- that Ortmann was correct in his assessment tion and an illustration, and restricted the that they are conspecific with P. laevidac- type locality to Valparaiso (Guerin-Mene- tylus. ville 1838). Stimpson (1858) designated P. Unfortunately, two of the ANSP speci- grossimana as the type species for his new mens also lack locality data, and the third genus Pachycheles. Subsequent records in- (ANSP 4168), from the U.S. Exploring Ex- dicate that P. grossimanus is broadly dis- pedition, is only labelled "Pacific Ocean." tributed along the temperate eastern Pacific This vague labelling may be considered coast of South America (Rathbun 1910, suspect given the extent to which speci- Haig 1955, 1960). mens from this expedition were separated In his survey of the decapod crustacean from their labels (Dana 1852:2). Both the collections of the Strasbourg Museum, Ort- types of P. laevidactylus and the ANSP mann (1892) described P. laevidactylus specimens differ in several respects from from Brazil. Ortmann (1897) subsequently the type specimen of P grossimanus. Fur- decided that this locality data was unrelia- thermore, they appear to be identical to P. ble, and synonymized P. laevidactylus with haigae Rodrigues da Costa, 1960. We thus the eastern Pacific P. grossimanus. He conclude that P. laevidactylus is not con- based this decision on his examination of specific with P. grossimanus butis identical specimens ofP. grossimanus during a visit to P. haigae, and that therefore P. haigae to the Academy ofNatural Sciences in Phil- is a junior subjective synonym of P. laevi- adelphia (ANSP). Ortmann (1897) did not dactylus. provide catalog numbers for the three spec- In this paper we provide diagnoses and imens ofP. grossimanus he examined atthe illustrations for P. grossimanus and P. lae- ANSP. However, during a recent visit to the vidactylus, and a full description of P. lae- ANSP collections, we could find only three vidactylus (see Haig 1960 for a full descrip- specimens labelled as P. grossimanus. The tion of P. grossimanus). Material from this low catalog numbers ofthese specimens in- study came from the collections of the dicate that they have been at the ANSP Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadel- since at least the 1880's (G. Rosenberg, phia, American Museum ofNatural History 708 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON (AMNH), Museum national d'Histoire na- hia San Vicente, 36°43'36"S, 73°08'10"W, turelle (MNHN), Musee Zoologique de littoral, 9 Jun 1949, Lund University Chile rUniversite Louis Pasteur et de la Ville de Expedition sta. no. M121, SMNH 15317; Strasbourg (MZS), Museu de Zoologia 1 male (CL 21.00 mm), 1 female (CL 12.89 Universidade de Sao Paulo (MZUSP), mm). Canal Chacao, 41°46'30"S, 73°45' Swedish Museum of Natural History 45"W, 40 m, 4 May 1949, Lund University (SMNH), and Natural Museum of Natural Chile Expedition sta. no. M94, SMNH History (USNM). Carapace length (CL) is 15318; 3 males (CL 5.78-7.71 mm), 6 fe- provided as an indicator of specimen size. males (CL 6.63-9.28 mm), 40 juveniles Illustrations were created using an im- (CL 1.96-3.93 mm), Peninsula Coquimbo proved version of the approach used by 29°55'56"S, 71°21'08"W, littoral, 24 Jun Harvey (1992): specimen images were first 1949, Lund University Chile Expedition captured on a Macintosh® computer with a sta. no. Ml27, SMNH 15320; 1 male (CL digital camera connected to a Wild M8 dis- 17.00 mm), numerous juveniles (CL 1.96- secting microscope, then prepared for pub- 4.17 mm), Puerto Mejillones del Sur, lication using the programs Adobe Photo- 23°06'30"S, 70°28'00"W, 0-0.5 m, 30 Jun shop® and Adobe Illustrator^. 1949, Lund University Chile Expedition sta. no. Ml29, SMNH 15321. Pachycheles grossimanus Peru: 1 female (CL 5.83 mm), Chincha, (Guerin-Meneville, 1835) N. island, from seaweed, 18 Jun 1907, coll. Fig. 1 R. E. Cocker, USNM 40477; 1 male (CL 18.41 mm), Callao, MNHN-Pg 5321. Porcellana grossimana Guerin-Meneville, — Diagnosis. Carapace with lateral mar- 1835:116; 1838:8; plate VII 26, fig. 3. gins parallel. Front rounded in dorsal Pachycheles grossimanus: Stimpson, 1858: view; dorsal surface with tuft of setae. 2t1e2(z8ian.n—apaHratei)tg,,aaln1.,9d6r01e:9f16e65r7e:-n21c56e-9s2,6thp.el—raetieVni.3v—5i,aAnfniig-,. Llaartgeeralanwtaelrlisorofpiceacrea,pac1e lcaorngseistpionsgteorfio1r piece, and several small posterior frag- 1968:51; fig. 10, 14k. (See remarks.) ments. Basal segment of antennule armed — Holotype. Chile: 1 specimen, presum- with up to 3 tubercles on medial anterior ably male (CL 7.8 mm), "Chili", margin, and few flattened granules on an- MNHN-Ga 3954. (See remarks.) — terolateral dorsal surface. Carpus and ma- Additional material examined. Chile: nus of chelipeds with rounded, indistinct 1 ovigerous female (CL 17.00 mm), Mon- posterior margins and large, densely temar, near Valparaiso, 32°57'24"S, 71° packed granules forming irregular rows 33'25"W, Httoral, 16 Oct 1948, Lund Uni- near posterior margin. Carpus with ante- versity Chile Expedition sta. no. Ml23, rior crest granular to serrate, divided by SMNH 15319; 1 male (CL 4.23 mm), 1 notch into broad proximal tooth and acute female (CL 2.38 mm), 1 juvenile (CL 1.87 subdistal tooth. Manus with large granular mm), Tocopilla, 22°05'S, 70°13'W, littoral, tubercle near base ofpollex. Walking legs 5 Jan 1949, Lund University Chile Expe- densely setose. Telson 7-plated, some- dition sta. no. M158, SMNH 15315; 1 fe- times incompletely so. Second pleopods male (CL 6.67 mm), 4juveniles (CL 2.16- present in males—. 2.88 mm), Cavancha, S of Iquique, Distribution. Callao, Peru to Canal 20°14'07"S, 70°10'05"W, littoral, 5 Jul Chacao, Chile; primarily intertidal; excep- 1949, Lund University Chile Expedition tionally to.4—0 m (Haig 1960). sta. no. M135, SMNH 15316; 5 males (CL Remarks. Guerin-Meneville (1835, 5.60-14.58 mm), 3 females (CL 5.65-6.61 1838) did not specify where his specimens mm), 8 juveniles (CL 2.68-5.36 mm), Ba- were deposited, but Prof. Jacques Forest VOLUME 109, NUMBER4 709 Fig. 1. Pachycheles grossimanus (Guerin-Meneville, 1835); male, USNM 98288. A, carapace; B, basal segment ofright antennule, ventral view; C, merus ofright outer maxilliped, ventral view; D, ischium ofright outer maxilliped, ventral view; E, major cheliped. and Dr. Nguyen Ngoc-Ho (in litt.) of the Pachycheles grossimanus co-occurs with MNHN concur that the single dry specimen P. crinimanus Haig, 1960 in Peru (see Haig was part of Guerin-Meneville's collection 1960 for distinguishing characteristics of and is most likely the holotype. We could these species), but otherwise appears to be not determine the sex of the holotype with the only Pachycheles in its range. Haig certainty because the specimen is glued to (1960) recorded ANSP 4168 as P. grossi- a wooden base. manus, as did Ortmann (1897), but this 710 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON specimen is in fact referable to P. laevidac- bos, 8 Jul 1953, on the coast after storm, USNM tylus (see below). coll. Leoncio Sanabria, 99851. "Pacific Ocean" (but see remarks): 1 Pachycheles laevidactylus Ortmann, 1892 male (CL 10.46 mm), U.S. Exploring Ex- Fig. 2 pedition, ANSP 4168. No locality data: 2 females (CL 8.81- Pachycheles laevidactylus Ortmann, 1892: 10.67 mm), ANSP 740. 266. plate 12, fig. 1. — Diagnosis. Front triangular in dorsal Pachycheles grossimanus: Ortmann, 1897: 292.—Haig, 1955:43-44 (in part); 1960: view; dorsal surface with tuft of setae. Lat- eral margins of carapace consisting of 1 167, plate 35, fig. 1 (in part). (See re- marks.) [Not P. grossimanus (Guerin- large anterior piece, 1 large posteriorpiece, and usually several small posterior frag- Meneville).] ments. Basal segment of antennule armed Pachycheles haigae Rodrigues da Costa, with 3 to 5 strong spines on medial anterior 1960:21, figs. 1-4.—Boschi, 1963:31, margin, and 2 to 4 spines on the anterolat- feitgsa.l.,1,1936;7:169;791:913972;:516—9.8—1:Br7e3m5e.c—&BoCsaczh-i cerhaellidpoerdssalwistuhrfapcoes.teCraiorrpussubamnadrgmiananlusfuor-f zaniga, 1984, fig. 2. da Silva et al., row, scattered long setae, and small, evenly 1989, figs. 2, 11. — spaced granules. Carpus with anterior crest Syntypes. 1 male (CL 9.04 mm), 1 fe- divided by notch into broad proximal tooth male (CL 8.43 mm), no collection data, and acute subdistal tooth; dorsal surface MZS 380. — with 3 lateral longitudinal ridges, each Additionalmaterialexamined. Brazil: 2 topped with row of enlarged granules. Ma- males (CL 4.85-7.93 mm), 1 female (dam- nus with large, elongate, granular tubercle aged), Gragoata, Rio de Janeiro, coll. H. R. near base of pollex. Walking legs with se- Costa, Aug 1959, MZUSP 10593; 3 males tose margins. Telson 5-plated. Second ple- (CL 5.40-6.25 mm), 1 ovigerous female opods present —in males. (CL 5.67 mm), Abrolhos, Bahia, coll. H. R. Description. Carapace (Fig. 2A) about Costa, 3 Feb 1957, MZUSP 10594; 3 males as broad as long in males, slightly broader (3.96-8.26 mm), 2 ovigerous females than long in females; posterolateral margins (6.04-10.40 mm), Isla de Sao Francisco, convex; dorsolateral ridges pronounced; Santa Catarina, coll. F H. A. Costa, 31 Jul dorsal surface with posterolateral regions 1989, MZUSP 9984; 6 males (CL 2.74- plicate; posterior margin curving inward 10.96 mm), 6 females (CL 2.50-8.67 mm), medially; dorsal surface nearly naked ex- 3 juveniles (CL 1.67-1.73 mm), Paronopria cept for tuft ofshort plumose setae on fron- Beach, Sao Vicente, shore, coll. C. V. Mich- tal region. Front triangular in dorsal view, AMNH eletti, 4 Oct 1994, 17451; 2 males trilobate in frontal view; median lobe pro- (CL 9.40-10.72 mm), Rio De Janeiro, jecting farther than lateral lobes; with me- MCZ 11848; 1 female (CL 5.12 mm), Vi- dian groove dorsally. Outer orbital angle toria, coll. Hartt and Copeland, Thayer Ex- produced into an acute tooth, inner orbital MCZ pedition, 11849; 10 males (CL 4.23- angle slightly pronounced. Orbits deep, and 9.52 mm), 8 ovigerous females (CL 4.29- broad; eyes large. Lateral margins of cara- 7.35 mm), Ilhas De Sante Anna, coll. Hartt, pace (Fig. 2B) consisting of 1 large anterior MCZ 11850; 1 male (CL 8.67 mm), re- piece, 1 large posterior piece, and usually ceived in 1865 from Smithsonian Institu- several small posterior fragments. MCZ tion, U.S. Exploring Expedition, Basal segment of antennule (Fig. 2C) 1395. armed with 3 to 5 spines (the type male has Uruguay: 3 males (CL 9.40-11.33 mm), 2 spines on the right basal antennular seg- 3 females (CL 9.88-13.01 mm), IslaDeLo- ment, 3 on the left) on medial anterior mar- VOLUME 109, NUMBER4 711 Fig. 2. Pachycheles laevidactylus Ortmann, 1892; male, USNM 99851. A, carapace; B, left side wall of carapace; C, basal segment ofright antennule, ventral view; D, merus ofright outer maxilliped, ventral view; E, ischium ofright outer maxilliped, ventral view; E major cheliped. gin (visible from dorsal view); with 2 to 4 trilobate stemite; median lobe of stemite spines on anterolateral dorsal surface; dor- equalling or slightly exceeding lateral sal surface with 2 transverse granular lines. lobes; ischium (Fig. 2E) with medioproxi- Second segment of antenna with distal tu- mal angle only slightly obtuse, almostright- bercule on anterior margin; third segment angled; merus (Fig. 2D) with pronounced granular, sometimes more pronounced near medial lobe, subquadrate in shape, and usu- distal and proximal margins. Flagella with ally dentate anteriorly. minute setae. Chelipeds unequal in size (major: Fig. Third maxillipeds with moderately deep. 2F). Merus with granular tooth on anterior 712 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON margin, projecting about as far as carpus mann 1897) noted that the specimens teeth; ventral margin ofmerus distinct, ven- lacked acquisition data, and thus could not trodistal angle usually with 2 small gran- safely conclude where they came from. Un- ules. Carpus and manus with weak submar- fortunately, locality data is also lacking for ginal furrow on posterior margins, and scat- two of the three ANSP specimens that led tered long plumose setae towards posterior Ortmann to synonomize P. laevidactylus margins; with very short, often vestigial, with P. grossimanus, and the locality ofthe plumose setae arising in groups from distal third specimen (i.e., "Pacific Ocean") is side of larger granules. Carpus with crest vague and open to question. on anterior margin, divided by notch into The syntype specimens of P. laevidac- broad proximal tooth and somewhat acute tylus differ from P. grossimanus in numer- subdistal tooth; dorsal surface covered with ous respects (because the holotype of P. small granules, more pronounced near pos- grossimanus is dry, fragile, and glued to a terior margin; surface with 3 longitudinal frame, most of the following comparisons ridges, each topped with row of enlarged are based on non-type specimens of P. granules; 1 ridge is medial, 2 close together grossimanus that we established to be con- between medial ridge and lateral margin; specific with the holotype). In P. grossi- dorsal surface with few long plumose setae. manus, the front of the carapace has a Manus covered with small granules; large, rounded anterior margin (Fig. lA); the lat- elongate, granular tubercle nearbase ofpol- eral margins of the carapace are parallel lex; fingers with smaller, flattened granules (Fig. lA); the basal segment of the anten- on minor chela, nearly smooth on major nule has three or fewer tubercles on the dis- chela. Major manus nearly lacking pubes- tal margin and at most a few flattened gran- cence dorsally; ventral surface of manus ules on the anterolateral surface (Fig. IB); with tuft of setae at base of fingers; pollex in the outer maxillipeds, the medial lobe of pubescent, with single medial tubercule on the merus is obliquely subtriangular (Fig. cutting edge; dactyl pubescent on distal IC), and the medioproximal angle of the half, cutting edge with basal tubercule; fin- ischium is broadly obtuse (Fig. ID); the gers gaping, crossing at tips. Minor cheli- chelipeds (Fig. IE) lack submarginal fur- ped with at most trace of setation on dorsal rows, and are more densely covered with surface, outermargin with long bristles; fin- larger granules; the margin of the anterior gers meeting entire length of cutting edge, crest of the carpus of the chelae is granular crossing at tips. to serrate; the walking legs are densely se- Walking legs with scattered setae on an- tose; and the telson is seven-plated, al- terior margins of merus, carpus, and prop- though the anterior plates are sometimes odus. Anterior margin of carpus with 1 partially fused. small tubercle and 2 granules distally. Prop- We could not examine type specimens of odus with 4 moveable spines ventrally: 2 the western Atlantic P. haigae for this distal, 1 subdistal, and 1 medial; dactyl with study. The holotype was deposited at the 3 corneous spines along ventral margin. Instituto Oceanografico, which apparently Abdomen smooth; telson with five plates no longer exists (G. de Melo, pers. comm.), in males and females. Second pleopods and the location of the holotype is un- present in males.— known. Several paratypes are deposited at Distribution. Pernambuco, Brazil to the Museu Nacional, which was unfortu- Monte Hermoso, Argentina (39°00'S, nately closed due to a strike during this 61°16"W); in—tertidal to 12 m. study. However, we were able to examine Remarks. Although Ortmann (1982) several specimens of P. haigae from the cited Brazil as the type locality in his de- type locality and two other localities scription of P. laevidactylus, he later (Ort- (Abrolhos and Isla de Sao Francisco), —— VOLUME 109, NUMBER4 713 where paratypes were collected, including ofthe anterior carpal crest are irregular and part of Rodrigues da Costa's collections, serrate. Furthermore, in P. chubutensis the which were donated to the MZUSP afterhis dorsal surface of the carpus and manus is death. usually covered with short dense setae, but Whereas P. laevidactylus is easily distin- this varies considerably and we have seen guished from P. grossimanus, we can find virtually naked individuals. no differences between P. laevidactylus and P. haigae, and mustconclude thatP. haigae Acknowledgments is a junior subjective synonym of P. laevi- dactylus. Thus, whether or not Ortmann's For access to the types of P. laevidacty- type material came from Brazil, P. laevi- lus, we thank Elisabeth Lang of the MSZ. dactylus is currently known only from the We also thank Raymond B. Manning and western Atlantic. Rafael Lemaitre (USNM), Lennart Sand- The tuft of setae on the front of the car- berg (SMNH), Gustavo A. S. de Melo apace distinguishes P. laevidactylus from (MZUSP), Gary Rosenberg (ANSP), and all other species in the western Atlantic ex- Nguyen Ngoc-Ho and Jacques Forest cept P. chubutensis Boschi, 1963 and P. (MNHN), for providing specimens and sug- monilifer Dana, 1852. In P. chubutensis the gestions, and Carla Valeria Micheletti, at front is rounded, and the lateral walls ofthe the Universidade Estadual Paulista, for pro- carapace consist of a very large anterior viding freshly collected specimens of P. piece and only a single small posteriorfrag- laevidactylus. Thanks also to Lara Tolchin, ment. In P. monilifer, the basal segment of who assisted with the illustrations. This the antennule lacks obvious spination, and work was supported by a NSF Research males lack pleopods. Experience for Undergraduates fellowship Cheliped morphology can also easily dis- (E. M. De Santo), which was extended by AMNH. tinguish P. laevidactylus from other west- the em Atlantic species ofPachycheles. Unlike P. laevidactylus, several species {P. acklei- Literature Cited anus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880; P. monilifer, P. rugimanus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880; and Antezana, T, E. Fagetti, & M. T. Lopez. 1965. Ob- P. susanae Gore & Abele, 1973) have servacciones bioecol—ogicas en decapodos co- munesdeValparaiso. RevistadeBiologiaMa- heavily sculptured chelipeds; P. pilosus (H. rina 12:1-60. Milne-Edwards, 1837) has spiny, setose Benedict, J. E. 1901. The anomuran collections made chelae, whereas the chelae of P. riisei by the Fish Hawk Expedition to Porto Rico. (Stimpson, 1858) are smooth and shiny. In Bulletin ofthe U.S. Fish Commission 20 (part P. greeleyi (Rathbun, 1900), P. serratus 2):131-148. Boschi, E. E. 1963. Sobredos especies dePachyche- (Benedict, 1901), P. chacei Haig, 1955, and les de la Argentina (Crustacea, Anomura). P. cristobalensis Gore, 1970, the chelae Neotropica 9:31-37. lack submarginal furrows, the enlarged tu- . 1979. Geographicdistribut—ionofArgentinian bercle at the base ofthe pollex, and the tuft marine decapod crustaceans. Bulletin Biolog- of setae between the fingers; they also are ical Society ofWashington 3:134-143. 1981. Larvas de Crustacea Decapoda. Pp. more evenly covered with granules than . 699-758 in D. Boltovskoy, ed.. Atlas del zoo- those of P. laevidactylus, and the anterior plancton del Atlantico sudoccidental y metodos crest of the chelae carpus consists of small de trabajocon zooplancton marino. Publicacion granular teeth in these species. The chelae del Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y De- of P. chubutensis are similar to those ofP. sarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Ministerio de Comercio e Intereses Maritimos, RepublicaAr- laevidactylus, but the granules are smaller gentina, i-xxx + 936 pp. and more evenly spaced, the tubercle at the , C. E. Fischbach, & M. I. lorio. 1992. Catal- base of the pollex is absent, and the teeth ogo ilustrado de los crustaceos estomatopodos —— 714 PROCEEDINGS OFTHE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON — y decapodos marines de Argentina. Frente Harvey, A. W. 1992. Abbreviatedlarvaldevelopment Maritimo 10, Sec. A:7-94. in the Australian terrestrial hermit crab Coeno- -, M. A. Scelzo, & B. Goldstein. 1967. Desa- bita var—iabilis McCulloch (Anomura: Coenob- rollo larval de dos especies de Crustaceos De- itidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology 12: capodos en el laboratorio, Pachycheles haigae 196-209. Rodrigues Da Costa (Porcellanidae) y—Chas- Milne-Edwards, A. 1880. Reports on the results of magnathus granulata Dana (Grapsidae). Bol- dredging i—n the Gulf of Mexico and in the etin Del Instituto De Biologia Marina 12:1-46. Carrbbean. Bulletin of the Museum of Com- Bremec, C. S., & N. J. Cazzaniga. 1984. Considera- parative Zoology, Harvard University 8(1):1- ciones sobre Pachycheles haigae Rodrigues da 68. Costa, 1960 y P. chubutensis Boschi 1963 en Milne-Edwards, H. 1837. Histoire Naturelle des crus- Monte Hennoso (Republica Ar—gentina) (Crus- taces, comprenant 1'anatomic, la physiologic et tacea, Anomura, Porcellanidae). IheringiaSer- la classification de ces animaux. Paris, Vol. 2: ie Zoologia 64:149-162. 531 pp. Dana, J. D. 1852. United StatesExploringExpedition Ortmann, A. E. 1892. Die Decapoden-Krebse des during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, Strassburger Museums IV. Thiel. D—ie Abthei- under the command ofCharles Wilkes. U.S.N. lungen Galatheidea und Paguridea. Zoologis- Vol. 13, Part 1, Crustacea (viii), Philadelphia, che Jahrbiicher, Abtheilung fiir Systematik, 685 pp. GeographicundBiologicderThiere—6:241-326. da Silva, B., A. da Costa Braga, & E d'lncao. 1989. . 1897. Carcinologische Studien. Zoologis- Porcellanidae (Decapoda Anomura) d—e Santa che Jahrbiicher, Abtheilung fiir Systematik, Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iherin- Geographic und Biologic der Thiere 10:258- gia Serie Zoologia 69:131-146. 372. Gore,R.H. 1970. Pachychelescristobalensis, spnov., Rathbun, M. J. 1900. Results ofthe Branner-Agassiz withnotesonthepor—cellanidcrabsofthesouth- expedition to Bra—zil I: the decapod and stomat- western Carribbean. Bulletin of Marine Sci- opod Crustacea. Proceedings ofthe Washing- ence 20(4):957-970. ton Academy ofSciences 2:133-156. , & L. G. Abele.—1973. Three new species of Rodrigues da Costa, E. 1960. Pachycheles haigae, porcellanid crabs. Bulletin ofMarine Science nuevaespeciede—lafamiliaPorcellanidae(Crus- 23(3):559-573. tacea Anomura). Neotropica 6:21-24. Guerin-Meneville,—F. E. 1835. Observations sur les Stimpson, W. 1858. Prodromus descriptionis animal- Porcellanes. Bulletin de la Societe Naturelle ium evertebratorum, quae in Expeditione ad de France:115-116. Oceanum Pacificum Septentrionalem, aRepub- . 1838. Crustaces du voyage de la Favorite. lica Federata missa, Cadwaladaro Ringgold et Magasin de Zoologie 8:1-8. Johanne Rodgers Ducibus, observavit et des- Haig, J. 1955. The Crustacea Anomura of Chile. cripsit—. Pars VII. Crustacea Anomura. I. Teleo- Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedi- somi. Proceedings ofthe Academy ofNatural tion 1948-49. 20:1-68. Sciences ofPhiladelphia 10:225-252. . 1960. The Porcellanidae—(Crustacea Ano- Viviani, C. A. 1968. Lo—s Porcellanidae (Crustacea mura) of the eastern Pacific. Allan Hancock Anomura)chilenos. BeitragezurNeotropisch- Pacific Expedition 24:1-440. en Fauna 6:40-56.