ACTA PHILOSOPHICA FENNICA VOL. 93 2017 ON THE HUMAN CONDITION PHILOSOPHICAL ESSAYS IN HONOUR OF THE CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY OF GEORG HENRIK VON WRIGHT Edited by ILKKANIINILUOTO & THOMAS WALLGREN SOCIETAS PHILOSOPHICA FENNICA ACTA PHILOSOPHICAFENNICA Editor: IlkkaNiiniluoto Editoria! Board: TimoAiraksinen Leila Haaparanta Sara Heinämaa OlliKoistinen SimoKnuuttila Sami Pihlström Gabriel Sandu ActaPhilosophica Fennica ispublishedby thePhilosophical SocietyofFinland. Since theinception ofthe series in 1935 it has been theforum for much ofthe bestphilosophical work inFinland.In 1968-1981 itwas distributedby theNorth- Holland Publishing Company (Amsterdam), and since 1981 by theAcademic Bookstore andBookstoreTiedekirja(Helsinki). Information forAuthors TheActa seriespublishes shorterandlongermonographs aswelias collectionsof articles inaliparls ofphilosophy. Authorsshouldsendtheircontributionsto ActaPhilosophicaFennica, Department ofPhilosophy, RO. 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ACTA PHILOSOPHICA FENNICA Voi. 93 ON THE HUMAN CONDITION PHILOSOPHICAL ESSAYS IN HONOUR OF THE CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY OF GEORG HENRIK VON WRIGHT Edited by ILKKA NIINILUOTO & THOMAS WALLGREN HELSINKI 2017 Copyright © 2017 ThePhilosophical SocietyofFinland VERTAISARVIOITU KOLLEGIALT GRANSKAD PEER-REVIEWED www.tsv.fi/tunnus ISBN 978-951-9264-86-8 ISSN 0355-1792 Suomen Yliopistopaino Oy JuvenesPrint - Helsinki2017 G. H. von Wright ivithgrnnddaughterHelena in 1974. Photo hyAnitavon Wright-Grönberg. Table of Contents Preface: G.H. von Wright(1916-2003) 7 HumanMind Georg Henrikvon Wright: Consciousness 13 AnthonyKenny: Humanism and Anthropomorphism 33 Lilli Alanen:Descartes's Dualism and von Wright's Philosophy of Mind 49 AlbertoEmiliani: PersonalAspects 89 OlliLagerspetz: Von Wright onPrivacy and the Sharing of Experience 111 Rosaria Egidi: VonWright's Approach toProblems ofAction and Mind 121 Wittgenstein andRussell CoraDiamond: G. H. von Wright onWittgenstein inRelation to His Times 139 JoachimSchulte GeorgHenrikvon Wright on On Certainty 165 : Erän Guter Wittgenstein, Modern Music, and the Myth of Progress 181 Bernt Österman: VonWright's TroubledRelationship with Bertrand Russell 201 Norms andEthics EugenioBulygin: G. H. von WrighPs and C. E. Alchourrön's Struggle withDeonticLogic 219 ElenaLisanyuk: G.H. von Wright's DeonticLegacy and the Anti-SovietMovement in the USSR 237 6 TableofContents DavidJakobsonandPeter Ghrstrom: ThePrior-vonWright Debateon AnselnTsArgument for theExistence of G0d255 Lassi Jakola In Search of 'the Good of Man': GeorgHenrik ; von Wright's HumanisticEthics 269 HumanAction andCausality GeorgMeggle G. H. von Wright's Understanding of Human : Actions 293 JonasAhlskog: G. H. von Wright on Agent Self-understanding and Action Explanation 313 Gunnar Schumann: Von Wright's Theory ofAction andthe "LogicalConnection Argument" 325 Panu Raatikainen Explanation and UnäerstandingRevisited..339 : ElenaPopa: Causality, Human Action, andExperimentation: von Wright's Approach to Causation in Contemporary Perspective 355 PaavoPylkkänen: The Crisis of Intelligibility inPhysics and the Prospects of a New Form of Scientific Rationality 373 Technology andEnvironment Kimmo Särje Finnish Impulses in GeorgHenrik von Wright's ; Thinking The JournalsEuterpe andNyaArgus 403 - IlkkaNiiniluoto G. H. von Wright on theDangers of : Technology 421 Kari Väyrynen: Nemesis naturae? GeorgHenrik von Wright as an Environmental Thinker 433 Pasi Heikkurinen: TheRelevance of von Wright's Humanism to ContemporaryEcological Thought 449 Preface: G. H. von Wright (1916-2003) Georg Henrik von Wright was born in Helsinki on 14 June 1916 into an aristocraticSwedish-speaking family. After Stud- ies withProfessor Eino Kaila and the defense of his doctoral thesis on the logical problem of induction in 1941, he was ap- pointed Professor of Philosophy at the University of Helsinki in 1946, a chair he held until 1961. Von Wright met Ludwig Wittgenstein in Cambridge before the war and became his successor there in 1948. In 1951 von Wright returned to Fin- land. He was a member of the Academy of Finland in 1961- 1986 and the Presidentof the Philosophical Society of Finland in 1962-1973.During hislong career, he contributedto a wide range of philosophical fields, including induction and proba- bility, modal and deonticlogic, philosophy of science, action theory, ethics, philosophy of law, and philosophy of mind. Von Wright was an internationally leading analytic philoso- pher but also an open-minded bridge-builder between philo- sophical schools. His achievements were rewarded in 1989 with a volume in the prestigious book series The Library of LivingPhilosophers. Throughhis eloquent, critical essays on humanism, human rights, peace, and the ecological crises von Wright was also widely known, especially in the Nordiccountries, as an influ- ential intellectual and cultural personality. In his critical di- agnosis of the times, von Wright combined deep cultural pessimism with a commitment to Scientific reason as the hope of mankind. In his testament in 1951, Wittgenstein named G. H. von Wright, withElizabeth Anscombe and Rhus Rhees, as his lit- erary executors. During more than fifty years von Wright played a leading role in the efforts to collect, organize, inves- tigate, and publish Wittgenstein's immense Nachlass. In 2001 8 Preface von Wright donated his Wittgenstein materials and a collec- tion of his own literary estate to the University of Helsinki, where they are now preserved as a research unit "The von Wright and Wittgenstein Archives" (WWA). He donated his philosophical home library to the National Library of Fin- land. The donations include his huge correspondence, which iskept partly at WWA andpartly at the NationalLibrary. Academician G. H. von Wright diedin Helsinki on 16 June 2003 at the age of 87. After the death of their mother Elisa- beth, the children Anita von Wright-Grönberg and Benedict von Wright made a donation to the University of Helsinki to create the Georg Henrik von Wright Fund. TheFund is used to arrange regularly a "Georg Henrik von Wright Lecture". Thefirst of these lectures was given by Sir Anthony Kenny in 2014, the secondby Jaakko Hintikka in 2015, and the third by Cora Diamond in 2016. The lecturesby Kenny and Diamond are included in this volume. Hintikka, von Wright's most im- portant student, passed away in 2015. Unfortunately his lec- ture on the logical problems of inductioncannot be included here. The centenary year 2016 of G. H. von Wright was celebrat- ed through several conferences, lecture series and publica- tions. An exhibition Thought and Prophecy was Open from March to September at the NationalLibrary in Helsinki, and it was associated with a three-language publication Georg Henrik von Wright: A Philosopher's Life (edited by Bernt Österman and Risto Viikko, INTOKustannus). The collection Georg Henrik von Wright's Book of Friends (edited by Georg Meggle and Risto Viikko) was published as voi. 92 of Acta Philosophica Fennica. In May a conference on von Wright's philosophical logic was organized at the University of Hel- sinki. In Junethe City of Helsinki opened "the Georg Henrik von Wright Terrace" in Eira Park, near the house where the von Wright family lived in 1956-2002. In September WWA organized a symposium Von Wright andWittgenstein in Cam- bridge at the Lucy Cavendish College in Cambridge. Von Wright as an intellectual is discussed in a collection Tankens utåtvändhet (edited by Johan Strang and Thomas Wallgren, Svenska litteratursällskapet I Finland). In the fall a lecture series onvon Wright's action theory was organized inCairo.