CONF-840408 DE84 017348 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR METHODS IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY RESEARCH April 1984 Work Performed Under Contract No. FG02-84ER60193 University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri Technical Information Center Office of Scientific and Technical Information United States Department of Energy o DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United Slates Government. Neither the United States Government nor an" agency thereof, nor any of their mpioyees, makes any warranty, express or implied, OT assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or use- fulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. 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VOGT Held at Mayaguez, Puerto Rico April 2-6, 1984 SPONSORED BY AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY Division of Isotopes and Radiation AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY Division of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Office of Health and Environmental Research UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO Recinto Universitario de Mayaguez UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI Research Reactor Facility Work Performed Under Contract No: DE-FG02-84ER60193 f GtNtRAL CHAIRMAN J. R. Vogt, U. Missouri TECHNICAL PROGRAM CO-CHAIRMEN R. H. Filby, Washington State U. A. J. Blotcky, VA-Omaha TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE P. A. Baedecker, USGS-Re*;ton B. S. Carpenter, NBS G. E. Gordon, U. Maryland V. P. Guinn, UC-Irvine R. L. Heath INEL W. S. Lyon, ORNL J. S. Morris, U. Missouri R. C. Ragaini, LLNL N. A. Wogman, BNWL FINANCE CHAIRMAN B. S. Carpenter, NBS PUBLICITY CHAIRMAN J. T. Tanner, FDA HOUSING CHAIRMAN / K. B- PEDERSEN, UPR CONTENTS Page Conference Organizing Committee i PLENARY LECTURES 1 Activation Analysis in Europe: Present and Future Perspectives t F. DeCorte and J. Hoste Activation Analysis in the Americas: Recent and Future Perspectives 23 V. P. Guinn GAMMA-RAY AND X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND SOFTWARE 43 A Multichannel Analyzer with Real-Time Correction of Counting Losses Based on a Fast 16/32 Bit Microprocessor . .. 44 G. P. Westphal and Th. Kasa (Invited Paper) Analytic Fitting of X-and Gamma-Ray Peaks in Ge and Si(Li) and Ge Spectroscopy 62 J. L. Campbell and J. A. Maxwell (Invited Paper) Super-Sabre: An RSX-11M System For Generalized Gamma- Ray Spectrometry 72 L. Salmon and M. M. Davi-es GRPANL: A Program for Deconvolution and Interpreting Complex Peak Clusters 82 R. Gunnink, W. D. Ruhter, and J. B. Niday Very High Count Rate Gamma Spectroscopy 92 W. H. Zirmev Neutron Activation Analysis with X-and Low Energy Gamma-Ray Spectrometry of Short-Lived Radionuclides 97 S. J. Parry Gamma-Ray Spectral Analysis Using a Superminicomputer 106 T. Meyers, R. Ruekins, K. Thompson, and L. Homes A Large-Volume Ultra!ow Background Germanium-Germanium Coincidence/Anticoincidence Gamma-Ray Spectrometer . . . . .. 118 R. L. Brodzinski, D. P. Bvown J. C. Evans, Jr. W. K. 3 3 Hensley, J. H. Reeves, N. A. Wogman, F. T. Avignone, H. S. Miley, and R. S. Moore Peak Detection with an Advanced Nuclide Identification Method 127 M. J. Koskelo ii Page ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOCHEMICAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS . , . . . 134 f The Present Status of Neutron Activation Analysis In Environmental Research , * 135 E. Steinnes (Invited Paper) Contribution of Neutron Activation Analysis and Radioanalytical Techniques to Trace Element Spedation In Environmental Analysis ..... 141 M. Gallorini, E. Orvini, E. Sabbioni, and R. Pietva (Invited Paper) Preconcentration Methods of Trace Elements In Water for EDXRF and INAA 154 M. Ally, D. E. Klein, and T. L. Bauer The Development of Tandem Accelerator Mass Spectroscopy at Rochester for Cl-36, Be-10, and 1-129 Dating and Results From a Variety of Natural Systems 165 L. E. Tubbs, D. Elmore, M. Wahlen, and 3. A, Chrwnyk The Use of Bird Feathers for Indicating Heavy Metal Pollution , 174 A. A. Goede and M. de Bruin A Neutron Activation Analysis Technique for the Investigation of Environmental Contamination With Iodine-129 . , . . .. 184 5. P. Stewart and B. T. Wilkins Improved Method for the Determination of Dissolved Radium-226 191 J. C. Yang Application of Nuclear Analytical Methods to Heavy Metal Pollution Studies of Estuaries . . . „ , 202 f B. Anders, W. Junge, J. Knoth, W. Miohaelis, R. Pepelnik, and H. Sohwenke A Fast Radiochemical Procedure to Measure Neptunium, Plutonium, Americium and Curium in Environmental Samples For Application in Environmental Monitoring and in Radioecology Research . . , . . 216 M. Pimpl and H. Sahuttelkopf A Novel Use of Disequilibrium Ages 1n Geothermal Energy Exploration „ . . ,..,.. 228 G. G. Goles and R. S. Seymour The Measurements of Pu-241 In Environmental Samples and In Gaseous and Liquid Effluents 241 J. M. Godoy, H. Sahuttelkopf, and M. Pimpel 111 Page Determination of Heavy Metal Pollutants Such as Hg, Zn, Se, Cd and Cu in Aquatic Environment of Thana Creek by Radiochemical Thermal Neutron Activation Analysis 248 S. Z. Khan, P. K. Shah, V. Ramani Rao, Z. R. Turel, and B. C. Haldar Determination of Trace Elements Associated with Colloidal Material in Sea Water Using INAA and RNAA 256 B. Salbu, H. Bjornstad, H. Furberg Lystad, and B. Andi'esen Identification of Sources cf Heavy Metals in the Dutch Atmosphere Using Air Filter and Lichen Analysis 266 M. de Bruin and H. Th. Wolterbeek Determination of Hydrogeologic Parameters and Media Nonhomogeneity From Nuclear Tracer Breakthrough Curve Data 277 C. lu, W. A. Jester and A. R. Jarrett Multielement Analysis of Picea Rubens Sarg. Tree Rings by Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission 287 G. S. Hall The Rare Earth Chemistry of Gold-Bearing Sedimentary Carbonate Horizons from the Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Ontario, Canada . . 297 I. L. Gibson, R. Gwilym Roberts, and David J. R. Reading A Comparison of Analytical Charge-Form and Equilibrium Thermodynamic Speciation of Certain Radionuclides 302 E. A. Jenne, C. E. Cowan, and D. E. Robertson Trace Elements in Suspended Particulate Matter and Liquid Fraction of the Arno River Waters 311 G. Capannesi, A. Cecahi, and P. A. Hondo Radiotracer Method for the Study of the Effectiveness of Various Materials for Mitigating the Dispersal of Radioactive Substances 322 R. W. Bild and B. T. Kenna Radionuclides in Plankton From the South Pacific Basin . . .. 331 K. V. Marsh and R. W. Buddemier Determination of Arsenic, Antimony and Selenium in Water by Neutron Activation and Coprecipitation with Bismuth Sulphide . 340 L. M. Bertini and I. M. Cohen Elemental Composition of Chesapeake Bay Oyster C. Virginica in the Vicinity, of Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant 348 M. Gavrilas and F. J. Munno iv 2*91 | Nondestructive Low-energy Photon Analysis of Environmental v Samples 357 I. L. Larsen, N. E. Cutshall, and C. R. Olsen Short-Time Neutron Activation Analysis of Environmental Standard Reference Materials 364 S. S. Ismail, F. Grass, P. Sahindler, and J. 0. Schmidt A Fast Radiochemical Procedure to Measure Tc-99 in Environmental Samples and Gaseous and Liquid Effluents 376 H. J. Luxenburger and H. Sahuttelkopf Rare-Earth Element Determinations in Nigerian Rock Samples by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis 385 0. I. Asubiojo, T. R. Agayi, and V. P. Guinn Multielement INAA of Chinese Standard Rocks and' Soils, and of NBS Standards 394 Jing-xin Sun and R. E, Jevvis ENERGY METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 406 Carry-Over of Fossil Fuel Impurities During Processes of Upgrading and Utilization 407 R. E. Jervis, T. G. Pringle and B. Tiefenbach (Invited Paper) Rare Earth Element Behavior in the Development of Energy Resources 425 J. C. haul (invited Paper) Determination of Trace Elements in GPC Fractions of Oil-Sand Asphaltenes by INAA 438 F. S. Jacobs, F. W. Bachelor, and R. H. Filby Neutron Monitoring of Solutions Containing Fissile Material 450 E. Gantner and H. J. Ache The Application of the Los Alamos Nuclear Microprobe to the Characterization of Trace Element-Mineral Associations in Geologic Materials and Solid Wastes 457 T. M. Benjamin, P.S. Z. Rogers, E. J. Peterson, and L. E. Wangen Speciation of Titanium in Solvent Refined Coal Using SESC-INAA 469 F. Iskander and R. H. Filby Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis in the Measurement of Trace Element Distribution at Two Coal Conversion Plants .... 481 f L. M. Roseberry and F. F. Dyer V Partitioning of Trace Elements in MHD Coal Combustion Effluents 490 j W. D. James* V. 0. Ogugbuaja, M. D. Glasaock, and ' R. C. Attig Determination of Radioactive Trace Elements in Ashes and Fly Ashes From Brazilian Coal Fired Power Plants 502 L. F. Bellido and B. de C. Avezzo NUCLEAR AND ATOMIC METHODOLOGY 507 Clustering of Samples and Elements Based on Multi-Variable Chemical Data 508 J. Op de Beeak (Invited Paper) Developments and Applications of the ^-Standardization Concept in (n,y) Activation Analysis 527 L. Moens, F. De Corte, A. Simonitis and J. Hoste 3 (Invited Paper) Use of Perturbed Gamma-Gamma Directional Correlation Measurements in Energy and Environmental Research . 540 P. Bode and M. de Bruin Computer Simulation of Time-of-Event Counting Data For Measurement of Ultra Low-Levels of Radioactivity S49 J. H. Kaye, E. R. Kinnison and. F. P. Bvauev 3 The Effect of Sample Matrix Composition on INAA Sample Weights, Measurement Precisions, Limits of Detection, and Optimum Conditions 553 V. P. Guinn, L. Nakazaioa, and J. Leslie Some Uncertainties Associated with Self-Calibration of Micropixe Analysis 566 A. S. Pasehoa, M. E. Wrenn, F. W. Bruenger, M. Cholewa, and K. W. Jones Determination of Li, B, and F by Rapid Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis Using Beta-Particle Counting 574 J. 0. Sohmidt, L. Palgaard, R. Gwozdz, and L. O. Belhage Fully Automatic Quantitative Analysis of Alpha Radiation Spectral Data Using a Minicomputer 584 D. A. Chambless, L. M. Pavma, and J. A. Broadway Neutron Fluenee and Cross Section Measurements for Fast Neutron Dosimetry 593 G. P. Lamaze., D. M. Gilliam, E. D. McGarry, and A. Fabry The Use of Standard Reference Materials in Microanalysis . . .. 6 02 R. H. Filby, S. Nguyen, C. A. Grvm G. R. ISarkowski, 3 V. Ehxmbaram, T. Tanaka, and L. Grossman "~\ vi Page A Tool for Automated Method Design in Activation Analysis . . . 612 I D. D. Burgess and P. Hayumbu Quality Assurance in Neutron Activation Analysis 620 K. Heydovn (Invited Paper) Nuclear Methods: An Integral Part of the NBS Certification Program 634 T. E. GUIs (Invited Paper) High Accuracy/High Precision Determination of U-235 in Nondestructive Assay Standards by Gamma-Ray Spectrometry . . .. 644 R. R. Greenberg and B. S. Carpenter Quality Assurance Techniques for Activation Analysis 657 D. A. Beoker Utilization of a Ct-252-U-235 Fueled Subcritical Multiplier for Neutron Activation Analysis 667 N. A. Wogman and E. A. Lepel The Neutron Self-Shielding and Precipitation Behaviour of Gadolinium in Alkaline Solutions 674 P. Campbell, R. E. Hollies, and K.J.D. Wazney A Novel, Convenient, and Nonpersiscent Radiotracer for Environmental and Energy Applications 684 P. M. Grant Activation Analysis of Stainless Steel Flux Monitors Using Cf-252 Neutron Sources 691 J. G. Williams, T. H. Newton, and C. 0. Cogburn Trace Determination of Beryllium by Radioactivation in an Oxygen-18 Ion Beam 699 Th. Diaao, C. Friedli, and P. Leveh Sensitive Neutron Activation Method for Determination of Trace Impurities in Cr Metal 707 S. Kataoff BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 714 Application of Cyclic Activation to In-Vivo Elemental Analysis 715 N. M. Spyrou (Invited Paper) In-Vivo Neutron Activation Analysis: Body Composition Studies in Health and Disease 729 K. J. Ellis and S. H. Cohn (Invited Paper) Measurement of Ca, Zn and Sr in Enamel of Human Teeth by XRF . . 742 s L. Wielopolski, J.D.B. Feather stone, and S. H. Cohn vii