ODISHA REVIEW VOL. LXIX NO. 1 AUGUST - 2012 PRADEEP KUMAR JENA,I.A.S. Commissioner-cum- Secretary BAISHNAB PRASAD MOHANTY Director-cum-Joint Secretary DR. LENIN M OHANTY Editor Editorial Assistance Bibhu Chandra Mishra Bikram Maharana Production Assistance Debasis Pattnaik Sadhana Mishra Manas R. Nayak Cover Design & Illustration Hemanta Kumar Sahoo D.T.P. & Design Raju Singh Manoranjan Mohanty Photo The Odisha Review aims at disseminating knowledge and information concerning Odisha(cid:335)s socio-economic development, art and culture. Views, records, statistics and information published in theOdisha Revieware not necessarily those of the Government of Odisha. Published by Information & Public Relations Department, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar - 751001 and Printed at Odisha Government Press, Cuttack - 753010. For subscription and trade inquiry, please contact : Manager, Publications, Information & Public Relations Department, Loksampark Bhawan, Bhubaneswar - 751001. E-mail : [email protected] Five Rupees / Copy [email protected] Visit : http://orissa.gov.in Contact : 9937057528(M) CONTENTS The Geeta Govinda in the Shreemandira Mahimohan Tripathy ... 2 Good Governance ... 3 The Legacy Continues ... (Revisiting Three Decades of Odisha Review Dr. Lenin Mohanty ... 4 Rights and Responsibility of Legislative Committee M. Hidayatullah ... 6 Surendra Sai : The Great Freedom Fighter Dr. S. Supakar ... 9 Some Forgotten Martyrs of Odisha Prafulla Das ... 12 Bio- Diversity and Sustainable Eco-development in Odishan Context Dr. S. N. Patro ... 15 Learning without Tears Bhaskar Parichha ... 19 Relevance of Gandhian Values in Post-Independence India Dr. Atul Chandra Pradhan ... 22 Participation of Women in the National Movement and Feminist Consciousness in Colonial Odisha Kailash Chandra Dash ... 24 Freedom Struggle in Odisha Balabhadra Ghadai ... 31 Netaji : An Icon of Courage, Erudition and Nationalism Parikhit Mishra ... 36 Bhagat Singh: The Manque(cid:182)- Radicalist Dr. Jugal Kishore Mishra ... 39 Tribal Participation in Freedom Struggle of Rayagada District and Role of Biswanath Pattnaik Raghu Nath Rath ... 45 Binayak Mohapatra - A Forgotten Freedom Fighter of Ganjam Braja Paikaray ... 49 Political Movements of Bhagirathi Pattnaik In the Context of Gandhian Ideology Mahendra Kumar Dash ... 52 An Odia Patriot of Freedom Struggle : Niranjana Pattnaik Dr. Prafulla Ch. Mohanty ... 56 Aftermath of the Non-Cooperation Movement : The Kanika Uprising Dr Janmejay Choudhury ... 61 Prajamandal Movement in Nayagarh Dr. Saroj Kumar Panda ... 65 Madhusudan Das, The Pioneer of Industrial Revolution in Odisha Prabodha Kumar Rath ... 68 Social Psychology Sadhana Mishra ... 71 Essence of Life, Long After Death Geeta Devi ... 75 Musings of the Captive : Comparing two Poems by Gopabandhu Das and William Cowper Dr. Bibhudutt Dash ... 79 Daskathia - A Birds Eyeview Basista Kumar Behera ... 83 Integrated Value Education - India's Contribution to the World Vijaya Lakshmi Mohanty ... 85 National Song Vande Mataram! Sujalam, suphalam, malayaja shitalam, Shasyashyamalam, Mataram! Shubhrajyothsna pulakitayaminim, Phullakusumita drumadala shobhinim, Suhasinim sumadhura bhashinim, Sukhadam varadam, Mataram! The song, Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji, was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom. It has an equal status with Jana-gana-mana. The first political occasion when it was sung was the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress. National Anthem Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he, Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Punjab-Sindhu-Gujarat-Maratha, Dravida-Utkala-Banga, Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchala-Jaladhi-taranga. Tava shubha name jage, Tava shubha asisa mage, Gahe tava jaya gatha, Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he! The playing time of the full version of the National Anthem is approximately 52 seconds. A short version consisting of first and last lines of the stanza (playing time approximately 20 seconds) is also played on certain occasions. The song, Jana-gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on January 24, 1950. It was first sung on December 27, 1911 at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress. The complete song consists of five stanzas. National Flag The national flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesari) at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. The ratio of width of the flag to its length is two to three. In the centre of the white band is a navy blue charkha or the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. Its diameter approximates to the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes. The design of the national flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on July22, 1947. Its use and display are regulated by the Indian Flag Code. MARTYRS FROM ODISHA Jayee Rajguru Veer Surendra Sai (1739-1805) (23.01.1809 - 28.02.1884) Birsa Munda Baji Rout Raghunath Mohanty (Died in Ranchi jail in June 1900) (Shot dead on 11.10.1938) (18.07.1910 - 04.04.1941 hanged) Dibakara Parida Laxman Naik (30.11.1911 - 04.04.1941 hanged) (22.11.1899-29.03.1943 hanged) Message of Shri Murlidhar Chandrakant Bhandare His Excellency the Governor of Odisha on the occasion of Independence Day (cid:177) 2012 Dear Sisters & Brothers, I convey my heartiest greetings and best wishes to all of you on the auspicious occasion of the Independence Day. 15th of August is a memorable day for every citizen of India irrespective of caste, creed and religion. On this historic day, we pay our sincere homage to our illustrious leaders, patriots and freedom fighters who contributed a lot to arouse patriotism among the people and led them to achieve the long cherished Independence. We are particularly grateful to the Father of Nation Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Netajee Subhash Chandra Bose, Sardar Patel, Maulana Azad and many others who gave direction to the National movement. As a result, we feel proud today to be citizens of a free, democratic and sovereign nation. Participation of the Odias in the National Freedom Struggle is an unforgettable chapter in the annals of the Indian history. History bears testimony to the sacrifices and contributions made by eminent freedom fighters of Odisha like Jayee Rajguru, Buxi Jagabandhu, Veer Surendra Sai, Birsa Munda, Laxman Naik, Raghu-Dibakar, Baji Rout, Utkal Gourav Madhusudan Das, Utkalmani Pandit Gopabandhu Das and many others. We offer our heartfelt tributes to those great souls on this auspicious occasion. Independence has brought tremendous challenges and opportunities for us. There has been remarkable progress and development in India during the year from 1947 to 2012. India is fast developing among the countries in the world. Our State has been fortunate enough to have a stable and continuous Government for the last 12 years, which is essential for orderly and uniform progress and development. Rapid strides have taken place in all spheres of development. Efforts on a massive scale have been made in Odisha during the last few years to achieve national recognition in various fields. Extensive Programmes have been undertaken for the development of the sectors like Agriculture, Irrigation, Power, Industries, I.T., Education, Health etc. Development of infrastructure is prioritized to attract investors. The Government is now implementing many welfare schemes like Biju KBK Yojana, Biju Kandhamal O' Gajapati Yojana, Gopabandhu Grameen Yojana, Biju Gram Jyoti Yojana, Biju Saharanchal Bidyutikaran Yojana, Mo Kudia, Rice @ Rs.2/- a kilo, construction of Check Dams, Madhu Babu Pension Yojana, Mamata, Biju Setu Yojana and so on. These schemes are of immense benefits to the poor people and meet the developmental needs of the State. The welfare of the S.Cs., S.T.s and weaker sections of the society has been given much attention. Women Empowerment Programme through Mission Shakti has created opportunity to develop the talent in women. They are able to empower themselves by participating in various developmental programmes. Socio-economic development of the State has been remarkable which can be easily perceived. Recently the State Government has increased the quota of reservation for women representatives in Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to 50%. To provide better communication facility, construction of Cement Concrete Road in Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), S.T./S.C habitations is another initiative of the Government for rural infrastructure development in the State. Independence Day is an occasion which inspires us to redeem ourselves to build a new and prosperous Odisha and contribute to the national development. Let us rededicate ourselves to achieve this goal with determination to transform India into a vibrant nation of the world. Jai Hind. Message of Shri Naveen Patnaik Hon(cid:182)ble Chief Minister on the occasion of Independence Day-2012 On the occasion of Independence Day I extend my best wishes to the brothers and sisters of the State. On this sacred day, I pay my heartfelt homage to the great freedom fighters and patriots like the Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi, Netajee Subhas Chandra Bose, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Utkalmani Pandit Gopabandhu Das, Utkal Gourab Madhusudan Das, Gopabandhu Choudhury, Nabakrushna Choudhury, Veer Surendra Sai, Maa Rama Devi, Saheed Laxman Nayak, Dr. Harekrushna Mahtab and Biju Patnaik. I also offer my utmost respect who took active part in the freedom struggle and the valiant Jawans who laid down their lives for the sake of the motherland. Indian freedom struggle has opened up a new vista of movement before the entire world. For achieving independence, the non-violent struggle by crores of people of India created a new history in the world. Truth and Non-violence triumphed. During different phases of Independence Struggle, the freedom fighters of Odisha had strengthened the movement by their sacrifices. After Independence, Odisha took prominent role in amalgamation of Garjat States. Today, Odisha has occupied a distinct place on the development front. State(cid:182)s economy has witnessed a noticeable growth. The State Government, out of its own fund is implementing innovative welfare and developmental schemes. A number of welfare schemes like Rice at Rs.2/- per kilo, Mamata and distribution of Bicycle along with various developmental schemes like Biju KBK, Biju Kandhamal-Gajapati are being implemented. Government has decided to extend the scheme (cid:179)Mamata(cid:180) to urban area which is presently being implemented for the mothers and children in the rural area. The State Government is providing bicycles free of cost to all the girl students studying in Class-X. This has achieved a great success. As a result, the State Government has decided to include all the Class-X students of BPL families under the Scheme. I hope, this step will characterize an important role in spreading education in the State. Women are the vital force of the society. Successful implementation of (cid:179)Mission Shakti Programme(cid:180) has increased the self-confidence among the mothers and this scheme has become fruitful in empowering the women. Their participation in the process of development is a good sign. Reservation of 50 % of seats in Panchayati Raj institutions has brought new awakening in the villages. Hence, the State Government has decided for 50% reservation for women in Urban Local Bodies. The welfare of the differently abled persons is our responsibility. Their participation in the welfare of the society should be encouraged. For their betterment, the State Government is implementing a number of schemes. Camps are being organized at Block level for facilitating them various benefits at one place. The State Government has decided for reservation of 3 % for differently abled persons in contractual and outsourcing services. Our Government is attaching importance on the development and welfare of tribal as well as Dalits. Our aim is to improve their standard of living through spread of education and economic development. Our prime responsibility is to safeguard their rights and protect them from exploitation. To bring the administration closer to the people is the success of democracy. So, reaching out the people, hearing of their grievances and redressal thereof are the main task of the administration. We are emphasizing on this matter. By this exercise, the trust of the people on the administration will certainly rise and democracy will be strengthened. Agriculture is the mainstay of our economy. Therefore, I always emphasize on the development of agriculture and farmers. We are working for the welfare of the farmers and emphasizing in safeguarding their interests which will be continued. For extension of irrigation facility, we are implementing several programmes. We are paying more attention on Lift-irrigation and Bore-wells. Works are going on to provide irrigation facility to over 10 lakh hectares of land through 1 lakh bore-wells within the coming 3 years. Development of industries along with agriculture is essential for progress. By this, the pace of development is expedited and economy flourishes. Today, many new industries have been set up in Odisha. New avenues have opened up for employment of our youth. This process of industrial development will continue in the coming days. We are also working hard for development of communication and other infrastructural facilities in villages. The path of development becomes smooth through peace. There is no substitute to peace. So, I urge upon the left wing extremists to come to the mainstream of development eschewing violence. A developed Odisha is our motto. We can achieve this goal by harnessing our natural wealth and utilizing efficient human resources. In the coming days, our youth force can play a major role in State(cid:182)s development. I believe, we can reach the destination by removing all the bottlenecks through sincerity, determination and firm will-power. Let us come together to strengthen our struggle for achievement of the purpose of independence and to ensure a bright future for the State and its people. Jai Hind.