Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. Vol. 38, No. 2: 98-102, April 2022 https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2022.38.2.008 Short communication Occurrence of Alpheid Shrimp, Alpheus compressus (Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae) in Korea Hyun Kyong Kim1, Sang-kyu Lee2, Won Kim3,* 1Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo 58762, Korea 2School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea 3School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea ABSTRACT Alpheid shrimp are found worldwide in temperate and tropical waters. They live in burrows in sandy and muddy bottoms and also in crevices of rocks and coral reefs. The genus Alpheus is the most diverse group of alpheid shrimp. Continuous taxonomic study on shrimps collected from Korean waters revealed that an alpheid shrimp collected from Daesambudo Island was identified as Alpheus compressus. This species belongs to the brevirostris group of the genus Alpheus and is distinguished from other known species of the genus Alpheus in Korea by the laterally compressed body. Korean Alpheus fauna now consists of 15 species of five species groups. Keywords: Decapoda, Alpheidae, Alpheus compressus, snapping shrimp, Korea INTRODUCTION heeia, the larval study without descriptions of adult mor- phology was reported (Yang and Kim, 1999). Thus, 14 spe- The genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 is the most diverse group cies of the genus Alpheus are listed in National Species List in the family Alpheidae Rafinesque, 1815. of Korea (National Institute of Biological Resources, 2020). Seven species groups are at the present recognized in the On April 20, 2009, the Jeju Ilbo, a local newspaper, reported genus Alpheus in the world: brevirostris, crinitus, diadema, that A. compressus Banner and Banner, 1981 was found in edwardsii, macrocheles, obesomanus and sulcatus. In Korea, the southern and western seas of Jeju as a result of investi- 15 species belonging to five species groups of the genus gation by the National Institute of Fisheries Science. How- Alpheus, brevirostris, crinitus, diadema, edwardsii and macro- ever, so far this species has not been reported to the scienti- cheles, were previously reported: (1) A. digitalis De Haan, fic community. As a result of continuous taxonomic study 1844, A. brevicristatus De Haan, 1844 of brevirostris group on shrimps from Korean waters, one specimen collected (Hayashi and Nagata, 2002); (2) A. paralcyone Coutière, 1905 from Daesambudo Island was turned out to be A. compres- and A. spongiarum Coutière, 1897 of crinitus group (Koo sus. This species belongs to the brevirostris group. Now, this and Kim, 2004); (3) A. paracrinitus Miers, 1881 of diadema species is newly added to the Korean fauna, and the Korean group (Koo and Kim, 2005b); (4) A. hoplocheles Coutière, Alpheus fauna consists of 15 species belonging to five species 1897, A. bisincisus De Haan, 1849, A. heeia Banner & groups. Banner, 1975, A. japonicus Miers, 1879, A. lobidens De Haan, The specimen was collected from subtidal fine silt sedi- 1849, A. malabaricus (Fabricius, 1775), A. pacificus Dana, ments of Daesambudo Island by Smith-McIntyre grab (SM 1852, A. richardsoni Yaldwyn, 1971, A. sudara Banner & grab) and preserved in 95% ethyl alcohol. The abbreviation Banner, 1966 of edwardsii group (Kim and Kim, 1997; Cha “cl” refers to carapace length from the tip of rostrum to the et al., 2001; Yang and Anker, 2003; Yang and Ko, 2005; posterior dorsal margin of the carapace. Drawings were made Yang et. al., 2007); (5) A. albatrossae (Banner, 1953) of with the aid of a camera lucida. macrocheles group (Koo and Kim, 2005a). In the case of A. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative *To whom correspondence should be addressed Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ Tel: 82-2-880-5038, Fax: 82-2-872-1993 licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, E-mail: [email protected] and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. eISSN 2234-8190 Copyright The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology Alpheus compressus in Korea SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS movable finger. Immovable finger with tip directing slightly upward and outward; inferior margin almost straight. Merus Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802 about 4.5 times as long as broad at distal end with superior Family Alpheidae Rafinesque, 1815 margin bearing sharp tooth on distal margin (not visible in Genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 Fig. 1D, E); inferior inner margin bearing minute granules and with a sharp spine at distal end (not visible in Fig. 1E); 1*Alpheus compressus Banner and Banner, 1981 (Fig. 1) inferior outer margin bearing few minute granules with no Alpheus compressus Banner and Banner, 1981: 226, fig. 3; spine at distal end. Chace, 1988: 19; Miya, 1995: 272, fig. 1; Hayashi, 1998: Minor chela of first pereopod (Fig. 1F, G) about 5.3 times 209, 213; Sha et al., 2019: 26, fig. 2.10. as long as broad. Fingers narrower than palm, occupying 0.7 length of chela, with acute curved tips clearly overlapping, Material examined. Korea: 1 specimen (HNIBRIV111, sex slightly gaping. Merus about 5.6 times as long as broad at distal not determined because of missing second pleopod) (cl 7 mm), end with inferior inner margin bearing four minute movable Daesambudo Island, Samsan-myeon, Yeosu-si, Jeollanam- spines and one strong acute immovable spine at distal end. do, 34°03′0″N, 127°24′18″E, depth: 15 m, 5 Jul 2017, coll. Carpus baring an immovable spine on superior margin distally S.-k. Lee. (not visible in Fig. 1F, G). Description. Body highly compressed. Rostum (Fig. 1A, Fingers of chela of second pereopod (Fig. 1H) slightly longer B) rather broad at base, reaching to middle of visible part of than palm. First segment of carpus 2.2 times as long as second; first antennular segment; tip directing forward. Rostral carina second segment about 1.8 times as long as third; third seg- absent. ment almost subequal to fourth; fifth segment about 1.7 times Ocular hood very slightly inflated dorsally with no distinct as long as fourth. orbitorostral groove. Anterior inner margin of ocular hood Third and fourth pereopods missing in the present specimen. very slightly concave. Ischium of fifth pereopod (Fig. 1I) bearing one distinct First antennular segment bearing deep triangular carina movable spine; dactylus subspatulate (not visible in Fig. 1I). extending from ventral inner margin, acute at ventral part (Fig. Pleura (Fig. 1J) of first five abdominal somites broadly 1C). Second segment about 2.3 times as long as broad, 1.8 rounded on ventral regions. First three abdominal sternites times as long as visible part of first segment and 1.8 times as with one sharp immovable spine at each midline. long as third segment. Stylocerite broad proximally, abruptly Telson (Fig. 1K) about 2.2 times as long as broad at anterior narrowing to sharp point at tip, almost reaching to distal mar- end, armed with two pairs of dorsal spines and with no longitu- gin of first segment. dinal median depression on dorsal surface. Lateral margin Scaphocerite with lateral margin slightly convex anteriorly. almost straight. Posterior margin regularly convex, bearing Distal spine reaching to middle of third antennular segment. several long setae and armed with a pair of movable spines at Inner blade regularly narrowing distally, slightly shorter than each lateral end; inner spine 3 times as long as outer one. adjacent distal spine. Cleft between inner blade and distal Uropodal endopod (Fig. 1K) with inner depression at ante- spine shallow, arising from distal 0.13 of scaphocerite. rior half very slight. Uropodal exopod with lateral margin ter- Carpocerite overreaching distal end of antennular peduncle minating in acute, minute immovable tooth flanking short by less than half length of third antennular segment. Basice- small movable spine. rite bearing sharp, rather long lateral spine. Distribution. Southwest of Manila Bay, Philippines (Banner Third maxilliped missing in the present specimen. and Banner, 1981; type locality), Rèunion, Adaman Sea west of Major chela of first pereopod (Fig. 1D, E) somewhat elon- peninsular Thailand, South China Sea southeast of Hong Kong, gated, without sculpturing, about 3.4 times as long as broad, and Selat Sunda, Indonesia (Chace, 1988), Japan (Miya, 1995; bearing sparse long setae on inferior margin. Lateral face Hayashi, 1998), Beibu Gulf, South China Sea and Taiwan bearing granules becoming minute, forward-directed denti- (Sha et al., 2019), Daesambudo Isalnd, South Sea, Korea cles on inferior margin and onto lower parts of lateral face; (present study). superior margin bearing few scatterd minute granules. Fingers Remarks. The present species agrees well with the origi- occupying distal 0.3 of chela, slightly narrower than palm. nal description of Banner and Banner (1981). However, the Movable finger slightly compressed laterally, lowly arched present specimen differs from the original description by the at proximal two thirds of superior margin and then regularly followings: In the original description, (1) the rostrum reach- arched anteriorly, tip bluntly rounded, reaching to tip of im- ing to near end of first antennular segment, (2) the stylocerite Korean name: 1*측면납작딱총새우 (신칭) Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 38(2), 98-102 99 Hyun Kyong Kim, Sang-kyu Lee, Won Kim A B D E C G F I H K J Fig. 1. Alpheus compressus Banner and Banner, 1981 (cl 4.9 mm). A, Whole body without third maxilliped and pereopods, lateral view; B, Anterial region, dorsal view; C, Carina below right first antennular segment; D, Large (right) first pereopod, outer face; E, Same, inner face; F, Small (left) first pereopod, outer face; G, Same, inner face; H, Right second pereopod; I, Right fifth pereopod; J, Abdomen; K, Telson and uropods. Scale bars: A, D-I 2 mm, B, C, J, K 1 mm. = = acute, reaching just past end of first antennular segment, (3) present specimen, (1) the rostrum reaching to middle of visible inferior margin of the basicerite with a strong acute tooth, part of first antennular segment, (2) the stylocerite not reach- almost as long as stylocerite, (4) merus of first major pereo- ing to the distal end of first antennular segment, (3) inferior pod with 7 small spines and small, acute sub-terminal tooth; margin of the basicerite with an acute tooth, not as long as superior margin terminating in 3 narrow, acute teeth. In the stylocerite, (4) merus of first major pereopod with inferior inner 100 Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 38(2), 98-102 Alpheus compressus in Korea margin bearing minute granules and with a sharp spine at dis- (18-28 Mars 1976) (Ed., Forest J). Mémoires du Muséum tal end; superior margin terminating in one acute tooth. National d’Histoire Naturelle Série A Zoologie, 91:217-235. Cha HK, Lee JU, Park CS, Baik CI, Hong SY, Park JH, Lee DW, Choi YM, Hwang K, Kim ZG, Choi KH, Sohn H, Sohn MH, Kim DH, Choi JH, 2001. Shrimps of the Korean waters. DISCUSSION National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, pp. 1-188. Alpheus compressus belongs to the brevirostris group. The Chace FA, 1988. The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) brevirostris group is recognized by the following charac- of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910, Part 5: teristics: ocular teeth absent; ocular hoods often prominent. Family Alpheidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, Major chela always strongly compressed, more or less quad- 466:1-99. rangular in section; often with faces demarked by noticeable Fabricius JC, 1775. Systema entomologiae sistens insectorum angle; with or without transverse groove proximal to fingers. classes ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, des- Movable finger of the minor chela often balaeniceps in male. criptionibus, observationibus. Libraria Kortii, Flensburgi et Third pereopod with the merus usually unarmed, the dactylus Lipsiae (Flensburg and Leipzig), pp. 1-832. always simple, at times flattened and subspatulate (Kim and Hayashi KI, 1998. Prawns, shrimps and lobsters from Japan (100). Abele, 1988). Alpheus compressus is distinguished from other Family Alpheidae - Genus Alpheus 9. Aquabiology, 116:209- 216. known species of the brevirostris group in Korea by the later- Hayashi KI, Nagata M, 2002. Identity of Alpheus digitalis De ally compressed body. Now Korean Alpheidae fauna consists Haan, 1844 and description of a new closely related species of 26 species of nine genera [Alpheus (15 species), Arete (1), from the northwestern Pacific (Decapoda: Caridea: Alphei- Athanas (1), Automate (1), Betaeus (2), Prionalpheus (1), Sal- dae). Crustacean Research, 31:73-90. https://doi.org/10. moneus (1), Stenalpheops (1), and Synalpheus (3)]. One other 18353/crustacea.31.0_73 species of Athanas was reported through the larval study Kim HS, Kim W, 1997. Lists of animals in Korea (excluding without description of adult morphology and so is not listed in insects). Korean Society of Systematic Zoology, Seoul, pp. National Species List of Korea (Yang and Kim, 2003, National 212-233. Institute of Biological Resources, 2020). Kim W, Abele LG, 1988. The snapping shrimp genus Alpheus from the eastern Pacific (Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 454:1-119. https:// ORCID doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.454 Koo H, Kim W, 2004. New reports of snapping shrimps, Alpheus paralcyone and A. spongiarum (Decapoda: Caridea: Alphei- Hyun Kyong Kim: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9016-1582 dae) from Korea. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, Sang-kyu Lee: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3450-3389 20:21-29. Won Kim: https://orcid.org/0000-0004-6436-7303 Koo H, Kim W, 2005a. Occurrence of alpheid shrimp, Alpheus albatrossae (Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae) in Korea. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, 21:73-79. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Koo H, Kim W, 2005b. Occurrence of alpheid shrimp, Alpheus paracrinitus (Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae) in Korea. Korean No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was Journal of Systematic Zoology, 21:251-257. reported. Miya Y, 1995. Four species of Alpheus from intertidal and shallow water mudflats in the Sea of Ariake, Kyushu, Japan (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae). Bulletin of the Faculty of Liberal Arts, ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Nagasaki University, Natural Science, 35:271-288. National Institute of Biological Resources, 2020. National species list of Korea. II. Vertebrates, Invertebrates, Protozoans. Design- The present study was in part supported grants from the Honam National Institute of Biological Resources (HNIBR zip, Seoul, pp. 1-908 (in Korean). Rafinesque CS, 1815. Analyse de la Nature, ou Tableau de l’Univ- 202101101). ers et des Corps Organisés. L’Imprimerie de Jean Barra- vecchia, Palermo, pp. 1-224. Sha JL, Wang YR, Cui DL, 2019. The Alpheidae from China REFERENCES Seas. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore, pp. 1-322. Banner AH, Banner DM, 1981. Crustacés Décapodes: Alpheidae. Yang HJ, Anker A, 2003. New records of alpheid shrimps (Deca- In: Résultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM: I. 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