OCCASIONAL PAPERS IN ROMANIAN STUDIES No. 2 Edited by REBECCA HAYNES School of Slavonic and East European Studies University of London Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2019 with funding from UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies (SSEES) https://archive.org/details/SSEES0017 OCCASIONAL PAPERS IN ROMANIAN STUDIES NO. 2 Edited by REBECCA HAYNES / OCCASIONAL PAPERS IN ROMANIAN STUDIES NO. 2 Edited by REBECCA HAYNES Papers presented at the 4th and 5th Romanian Studies Days, SSEES, University of London, March 1996 and February 1997 School of Slavonic and East European Studies University of London 1998 OCCASIONAL PAPERS IN ROMANIAN STUDIES, NO. 2 EDITED BY REBECCA HAYNES Occasional Papers in Romanian Studies, No. 2 © School of Slavonic and East European Studies 1998 SSEES Occasional Papers No. 39 ISBN: 0 903425 629 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any other form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the School of Slavonic and East European Studies. Copies of this publication and others in the School’s refereed series of Occasional Papers can be obtained from the Director’s Office, SSEES, Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU Printed in Great Britain by Quom Selective Repro Limited Queens Road, Loughborough, Leics. LEI 1 1HH Contents Notes on the Contributors vii 1 Introduction 1 Rebecca Haynes 2 The Fate of Romanians’ Contemporary Historical Myths: Do They Have a Future? A Historiographical Review 19 Mihai-Razvan Ungureanu 3 Romanian Shepherds on the Great Hungarian Plain in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries 31 Martyn Rady 4 Grigore Gafencu and Romanian Policy towards Germany, December 1938 to June 1940 39 Rebecca Haynes 5 British Policy towards Romania 1939-41 59 Maurice Pearton 6 British Policy on the Hungarian-Romanian Frontier Settlement, 1944-47 93 Mark Percival 7 The Repression of the Gheorghiu-Dej Era in the Light of the Securitate Files 111 Dennis De let ant 8 The Traditional Parties and the Romanian Elections of May 1990 125 Peter Siani-Davies 9 Romania’s ‘Velvet Revolution’? The Electoral Victory of Emil Constantinescu and the CDR in November 1996 147 Peter Siani-Davies 10 The Post-Communist Security Services in Romania 173 Dennis Deletant v Notes on the Contributors Dennis Deletant is Professor of Romanian Studies at SSEES. He is the author of Ceau$escu and the Secuntate: Coercion and Dissent in Romania 1965-1989 (1995). His most recent publication is Romania Observed: Studies in Contemporary Romanian History (1998, co-written with Maurice Pearton). Rebecca Haynes is Lecturer in Romanian Studies at SSEES. She has recently completed her doctorate on Romanian policy towards Germany from 1936 to 1940. Maurice Pearton is Honorary Fellow at SSEES and was formerly Reader in Political Science at Richmond College, London. He has also been a Research Associate of the International Institute for Strategic Studies (Cambridge University) and a member of the Centre for International Studies (LSE). In 1993-94 he was Visiting Professor of the University of Utrecht. He is the author of Oil and the Romanian State (1971) and The Knowledgeable State: Diplomacy, War and Technology since 1830 (1982). He is also co-author, with John Stanley, of The International Trade in Arms (1972). His most recent publication is Romania Observed: Studies in Contemporary Romanian History (1998, co-written with Dennis Deletant). Mark Percival recently completed his doctorate at SSEES on British— Romanian relations after the Second World War. He is currently a Leverhulme Research Scholar in Romania. Martyn Rady is Senior Lecturer in Central European History at SSEES. His previous publications include Medieval Buda (1985), Emperor Charles V (1988), Romania in Turmoil: A Contemporary History (1992), and the East European Section of the Minority Rights Group publication. World Directory of Minorities (1997). He is currently working on a study of the nobility in Central and Eastern Europe during the later Middle Ages. Peter Siani-Davies is Lecturer in Modem South-East European Studies at SSEES. The author of a number of articles on contemporary Romanian history and politics, his most recent publication is a revised edition of Romania (World Bibliographic Series, 1998), co-written with Mary Siani- Davies. Mihai-Razvan Ungureanu graduated with an MA in Modem Romanian History from the University of Ia§i, Romania, in 1992. Since then, he has worked as Assistant Professor in the Faculty of History, Ia§i. His research is directed to the social and cultural-religious status of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Romanian minorities. His major publications are Statistical Sources Concerning the Population of layi, 18th and 19th Centuries (1996) and The Complete Moldavian Boyars' Census, 19th Century (1997). He is Editor-in-Chief of the Romanian Review of Social History. In 1996-97 he was a teacher-fellow at SSEES and in May 1998 he was appointed Under-Secretary of State at the Romanian Foreign Ministry. vii