NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans and Against the Donatists by Philip Schaff About NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans and Against the Donatists by Philip Schaff Title: NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans and Against the Donatists URL: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf104.html Author(s): Schaff, Philip (1819-1893) Publisher: Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library Print Basis: New York: The Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1890 Rights: Public Domain General Comments: Greek proofed by SLK; conforms to print basis (even where this is in error) CCEL Subjects: All; Proofed; Early Church LC Call no: BR60 LC Subjects: Christianity Early Christian Literature. Fathers of the Church, etc. NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans Philip Schaff and Against the Donatists Table of Contents About This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. ii Title Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 1 Editor’s Preface.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 2 Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 3 Writings in Connection with the Manichæan Controversy.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 5 Title Page.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 5 Introductory Essay on the Manichæan Heresy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 5 Literature.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 5 Sources.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 5 Modern Works.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 7 Philosophical Basis, and Antecedents of Manichæism.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 8 The Manichæan System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 10 Relation of Manichæism to Zoroastrianism.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 20 The Relation of Manichæism to the Old Babylonian Religion as Seen in Mandæism and Sabeanism.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 22 The Relation of Manichæism to Buddhism.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 23 The Relation of Manichæism to Judaism.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 25 The Relation of Manichæism to Christianity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 26 Augustin and the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 29 Outline of Manichæan History.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 33 Preface to the Anti-Manichæan Writings.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 34 On the Morals of the Catholic Church.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 40 Title Page.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 40 Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 40 How the Pretensions of the Manichæans are to Be Refuted.  Two Manichæan Falsehoods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 41 He Begins with Arguments, in Compliance with the Mistaken Method of the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 42 Happiness is in the Enjoyment of Man’s Chief Good.  Two Conditions of the Chief Good:  1st, Nothing is Better Than It; 2d, It Cannot Be Lost Against the Will.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 42 Man—What?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 43 Man’s Chief Good is Not the Chief Good of the Body Only, But the Chief Good of the Soul.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 43 iii NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans Philip Schaff and Against the Donatists Virtue Gives Perfection to the Soul; The Soul Obtains Virtue by Following God; Following God is the Happy Life.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 44 The Knowledge of God to Be Obtained from the Scripture.  The Plan and Principal Mysteries of the Divine Scheme of Redemption.. . . . . . . . . p. 45 God is the Chief Good, Whom We are to Seek After with Supreme Affection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 46 Harmony of the Old and New Testament on the Precepts of Charity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 46 What the Church Teaches About God.  The Two Gods of the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 47 God is the One Object of Love; Therefore He is Man’s Chief Good.  Nothing is Better Than God.  God Cannot Be Lost Against Our Will.. . . p. 49 We are United to God by Love, in Subjection to Him.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 50 We are Joined Inseparably to God by Christ and His Spirit.. . . . . . . . p. 50 We Cleave to the Trinity, Our Chief Good, by Love.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 51 The Christian Definition of the Four Virtues.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 52 Harmony of the Old and New Testaments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 52 Appeal to the Manichæans, Calling on Them to Repent.. . . . . . . . . . p. 54 Only in the Catholic Church is Perfect Truth Established on the Harmony of Both Testaments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 55 Description of the Duties of Temperance, According to the Sacred Scriptures.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 56 We are Required to Despise All Sensible Things, and to Love God Alone.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 57 Popular Renown and Inquisitiveness are Condemned in the Sacred Scriptures.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 57 Fortitude Comes from the Love of God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 58 Scripture Precepts and Examples of Fortitude.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 59 Of Justice and Prudence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 60 Four Moral Duties Regarding the Love of God, of Which Love the Reward is Eternal Life and the Knowledge of the Truth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 61 Love of Ourselves and of Our Neighbor.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 62 On Doing Good to the Body of Our Neighbor.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 63 On Doing Good to the Soul of Our Neighbor.  Two Parts of Discipline, Restraint and Instruction.  Through Good Conduct We Arrive at the Knowledge of the Truth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 64 Of the Authority of the Scriptures.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 65 The Church Apostrophised as Teacher of All Wisdom.  Doctrine of the Catholic Church.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 66 iv NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans Philip Schaff and Against the Donatists The Life of the Anachoretes and Cœnobites Set Against the Continence of the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 68 Praise of the Clergy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 70 Another Kind of Men Living Together in Cities.  Fasts of Three Days.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 70 The Church is Not to Be Blamed for the Conduct of Bad Christians, Worshippers of Tombs and Pictures.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 72 Marriage and Property Allowed to the Baptized by the Apostles.. . . . . p. 73 On the Morals of the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 75 Title Page.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 75 Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 75 The Supreme Good is that Which is Possessed of Supreme Existence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 76 What Evil is.  That Evil is that Which is Against Nature.  In Allowing This, the Manichæans Refute Themselves.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 76 If Evil is Defined as that Which is Hurtful, This Implies Another Refutation of the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 77 The Difference Between What is Good in Itself and What is Good by Participation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 78 If Evil is Defined to Be Corruption, This Completely Refutes the Manichæan Heresy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 78 What Corruption Affects and What It is.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 79 The Goodness of God Prevents Corruption from Bringing Anything to Non-Existence.  The Difference Between Creating and Forming.. . . . . p. 79 Evil is Not a Substance, But a Disagreement Hostile to Substance.. . . . p. 80 The Manichæan Fictions About Things Good and Evil are Not Consistent with Themselves.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 82 Three Moral Symbols Devised by the Manichæans for No Good.. . . . . p. 83 The Value of the Symbol of the Mouth Among the Manichæans, Who are Found Guilty of Blaspheming God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 84 Manichæan Subterfuge.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 85 Actions to Be Judged of from Their Motive, Not from Externals.  Manichæan Abstinence to Be Tried by This Principle.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 86 Three Good Reasons for Abstaining from Certain Kinds of Food.. . . . . p. 87 Why the Manichæans Prohibit the Use of Flesh.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 90 Disclosure of the Monstrous Tenets of the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . p. 91 Description of the Symbol of the Hands Among the Manichæans.. . . . . p. 96 Of the Symbol of the Breast, and of the Shameful Mysteries of the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 100 Crimes of the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 101 v NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans Philip Schaff and Against the Donatists Disgraceful Conduct Discovered at Rome.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 103 On Two Souls, Against the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 104 Title Page.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 104 By What Course of Reasoning the Error of the Manichæans Concerning Two Souls, One of Which is Not from God, is Refuted.  Every Soul, Inasmuch as It is a Certain Life, Can Have Its Existence Only from God the Source of Life.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 105 If the Light that is Perceived by Sense Has God for Its Author, as the Manichæans Acknowledge, Much More The Soul Which is Perceived by Intellect Alone.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 106 How It is Proved that Every Body Also is from God.  That the Soul Which is Called Evil by the Manichæans is Better Than Light.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 107 Even the Soul of a Fly is More Excellent Than the Light.. . . . . . . . . . p. 108 How Vicious Souls, However Worthy of Condemnation They May Be, Excel the Light Which is Praiseworthy in Its Kind.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 108 Whether Even Vices Themselves as Objects of Intellectual Apprehension are to Be Preferred to Light as an Object of Sense Perception, and are to Be Attributed to God as Their Author.  Vice of the Mind and Certain Defects are Not Rightly to Be Counted Among Intelligible Things.  Defects Themselves Even If They Should Be Counted Among Intelligible Things Should Never Be Put Before Sensible Things.  If Light is Visible by God, Much More is the Soul, Even If Vicious, Which in So Far as It Lives is an Intelligible Thing.  Passages of Scripture are Adduced by the Manichæans to the Contrary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 109 How Evil Men are of God, and Not of God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 111 The Manichæans Inquire Whence is Evil and by This Question Think They Have Triumphed.  Let Them First Know, Which is Most Easy to Do, that Nothing Can Live Without God.  Consummate Evil Cannot Be Known Except by the Knowledge of Consummate Good, Which is God.. . . . . p. 113 Augustin Deceived by Familiarity with the Manichæans, and by the Succession of Victories Over Ignorant Christians Reported by Them.  The Manichæans are Likewise Easily Refuted from the Knowledge of Sin and the Will.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 114 Sin is Only from the Will.  His Own Life and Will Best Known to Each Individual.  What Will is.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 114 What Sin is.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 117 From the Definitions Given of Sin and Will, He Overthrows the Entire Heresy of the Manichæans.  Likewise from the Just Condemnation of Evil Souls It Follows that They are Evil Not by Nature But by Will.  That Souls are Good By Nature, to Which the Pardon of Sins is Granted.. . . p. 117 vi NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans Philip Schaff and Against the Donatists From Deliberation on the Evil and on the Good Part It Results that Two Classes of Souls are Not to Be Held to.  A Class of Souls Enticing to Shameful Deeds Having Been Conceded, It Does Not Follow that These are Evil by Nature, that the Others are Supreme Good.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 120 Again It is Shown from the Utility of Repenting that Souls are Not by Nature Evil.  So Sure a Demonstration is Not Contradicted Except from the Habit of Erring.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 121 He Prays for His Friends Whom He Has Had as Associates in Error.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 122 Acts or Disputation Against Fortunatus the Manichæan.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 123 Title Page.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 123 Disputation of the First Day.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 124 Disputation of the Second Day.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 131 Against the Epistle of Manichæus, Called Fundamental.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 138 Title Page.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 138 To Heal Heretics is Better Than to Destroy Them.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 139 Why the Manichæans Should Be More Gently Dealt with.. . . . . . . . . p. 140 Augustin Once a Manichæan.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 140 Proofs of the Catholic Faith.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 141 Against the Title of the Epistle of Manichæus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 142 Why Manichæus Called Himself an Apostle of Christ.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 143 In What Sense the Followers of Manichæus Believe Him to Be the Holy Spirit.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 143 The Festival of the Birth-Day of Manichæus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 144 When the Holy Spirit Was Sent.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 145 The Holy Spirit Twice Given.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 146 Manichæus Promises Truth, But Does Not Make Good His Word.. . . . . p. 147 The Wild Fancies of Manichæus.  The Battle Before the Constitution of the World.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 147 Two Opposite Substances.  The Kingdom of Light.  Manichæus Teaches Uncertainties Instead of Certainties.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 148 Manichæus Promises the Knowledge of Undoubted Things, and Then Demands Faith in Doubtful Things.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 149 The Doctrine of Manichæus Not Only Uncertain, But False.  His Absurd Fancy of a Land and Race of Darkness Bordering on the Holy Region and the Substance of God.  The Error, First of All, of Giving to the Nature of God Limits and Borders, as If God Were a Material Substance, Having Extension in Space.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 150 The Soul, Though Mutable, Has No Material Form.  It is All Present in Every Part of the Body.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 150 vii NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans Philip Schaff and Against the Donatists The Memory Contains the Ideas of Places of the Greatest Size.. . . . . p. 151 The Understanding Judges of the Truth of Things, and of Its Own Action.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 152 If the Mind Has No Material Extension, Much Less Has God.. . . . . . . p. 152 Refutation of the Absurd Idea of Two Territories.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 153 This Region of Light Must Be Material If It is Joined to the Region of Darkness.  The Shape of the Region of Darkness Joined to the Region of Light.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 153 The Form of the Region of Light the Worse of the Two.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 154 The Anthropomorphites Not So Bad as the Manichæans.. . . . . . . . . p. 154 Of the Number of Natures in the Manichæan Fiction.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 155 Omnipotence Creates Good Things Differing in Degree.  In Every Description Whatsoever of the Junction of the Two Regions There is Either Impropriety or Absurdity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 156 The Manichæans are Reduced to the Choice of a Tortuous, or Curved, or Straight Line of Junction.  The Third Kind of Line Would Give Symmetry and Beauty Suitable to Both Regions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 157 The Beauty of the Straight Line Might Be Taken from the Region of Darkness Without Taking Anything from Its Substance.  So Evil Neither Takes from Nor Adds to the Substance of the Soul.  The Straightness of Its Side Would Be So Far a Good Bestowed on the Region of Darkness by God the Creator.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 158 Manichæus Places Five Natures in the Region of Darkness.. . . . . . . p. 159 The Refutation of This Absurdity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 160 The Number of Good Things in Those Natures Which Manichæus Places in the Region of Darkness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 160 The Same Subject Continued.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 161 Manichæus Got the Arrangement of His Fanciful Notions from Visible Objects.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 162 Every Nature, as Nature, is Good.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 163 Nature Cannot Be Without Some Good.  The Manichæans Dwell Upon the Evils.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 164 Evil Alone is Corruption.  Corruption is Not Nature, But Contrary to Nature.  Corruption Implies Previous Good.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 165 The Source of Evil or of Corruption of Good.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 166 God Alone Perfectly Good.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 167 Nature Made by God; Corruption Comes from Nothing.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 168 In What Sense Evils are from God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 168 Corruption Tends to Non-Existence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 169 Corruption is by God’s Permission, and Comes from Us.. . . . . . . . . . p. 170 viii NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans Philip Schaff and Against the Donatists Exhortation to the Chief Good.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 170 Conclusion.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 171 Reply to Faustus the Manichæan.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 171 Title Page.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 171 Preface.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 172 Who Faustus was.  Faustus’s object in writing the polemical treatise that forms the basis of Augustin’s reply.  Augustin’s remarks thereon.. . . . . p. 172 Faustus claims to believe the Gospel, yet refuses to accept the genealogical tables on various grounds which Augustin seeks to set aside.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 174 Faustus objects to the incarnation of God on the ground that the evangelists are at variance with each other, and that incarnation is unsuitable to deity.  Augustin attempts to remove the critical and theological difficulties.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 177 Faustus’s reasons for rejecting the Old Testament, and Augustin’s animadversions thereon.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 180 Faustus claims that the Manichæans and not the Catholics are consistent believers in the Gospel, and seeks to establish this claim by comparing Manichæan and Catholic obedience to the precepts of the Gospel.  Augustin exposes the hypocrisy of the Manichæans and praises the asceticism of Catholics.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 182 Faustus avows his disbelief in the Old Testament and his disregard of its precepts, and accuses Catholics of inconsistency in neglecting its ordinances, while claiming to accept it as authoritative.  Augustin explains the Catholic view of the relation of the Old Testament to the New.. . . . . p. 188 The genealogical question is again taken up and argued on both sides.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 197 Faustus maintains that to hold to the Old Testament after the giving of the New is putting new cloth on an old garment.  Augustin further explains the relation of the Old Testament to the New, and reproaches the Manichæans with carnality.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 198 Faustus argues that if the apostles born under the old covenant could lawfully depart from it, much more can he having been born a Gentile.  Augustin explains the relation of Jews and Gentiles alike to the Gospel.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 200 Faustus insists that the Old Testament promises are radically different from those of the New.  Augustin admits a difference, but maintains that the moral precepts are the same in both.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 201 ix NPNF1-04. Augustin: The Writings Against the Manichaeans Philip Schaff and Against the Donatists Faustus quotes passages to show that the Apostle Paul abandoned belief in the incarnation, to which he earlier held.  Augustin shows that the apostle was consistent with himself in the utterances quoted.. . . . . . . p. 202 Faustus denies that the prophets predicted Christ.  Augustin proves such prediction from the New Testament, and expounds at length the principal types of Christ in the Old Testament.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 210 Faustus asserts that even if the Old Testament could be shown to contain predictions, it would be of interest only to the Jews, pagan literature subserving the same purpose for Gentiles.  Augustin shows the value of prophesy for Gentiles and Jews alike.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 232 Faustus abhors Moses for the awful curse he has pronounced upon Christ.  Augustin expounds the Christian doctrine of the suffering Saviour by comparing Old and New Testament passages.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 242 Faustus rejects the Old Testament because it leaves no room for Christ.  Christ the one Bridegroom suffices for His Bride the Church.  Augustin answers as well as he can, and reproves the Manichæans with presumption in claiming to be the Bride of Christ.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 248 Faustus willing to believe not only that the Jewish but that all Gentile prophets wrote of Christ, if it should be proved; but he would none the less insist upon rejecting their superstitions.  Augustin maintains that all Moses wrote is of Christ, and that his writings must be either accepted or rejected as a whole.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 259 Faustus rejects Christ’s declaration that He came not to destroy the law and the prophets but to fulfill them, on the ground that it is found only in Matthew, who was not present when the words purport to have been spoken.  Augustin rebukes the folly of refusing to believe Matthew and yet believing Manichæus, and shows what the passage of scripture really means.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 278 The relation of Christ to prophecy, continued.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 282 Faustus is willing to admit that Christ may have said that He came not to destroy the law and the prophets, but to fulfill them; but if He did, it was to pacify the Jews and in a modified sense.  Augustin replies, and still further elaborates the Catholic view of prophecy and its fulfillment.. . . . p. 285 Faustus repels the charge of sun-worship, and maintains that while the Manichæans believe that God’s power dwells in the sun and his wisdom in the moon, they yet worship one deity, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.  They are not a schism of the Gentiles, nor a sect.  Augustin emphasizes the charge of polytheism, and goes into an elaborate comparison of Manichæan and pagan mythology.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 303 x