NPS Form 10-900 OMB No 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form I This fonn is for use in nominating or requesting detenninations for individual properties and districts. See in~tructions in alional' Rc~istcr .2'2b•0 · Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply 'to the( ~W· '"':j>~\fgO documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of sir[n ifir c.c:,....cnil:t..Uil categories and subcategories from the instructions. I I AUG 1 5 Z014 I 1. Name of Property Historic name: North Anthony Boulevard Historic Di trict : ,t ,p· ~;;..,v ·,}7\lfiTCf!IC PI iv~tS I_ _ ·: Other names/site number: ~~ ''·~·:' 'J.'\~ '·~::;~ Jl!:;•~ Name of related multiple property listing: "The Civilizing of a Midwestern City: The Park and Boulevard System of Fort Wayne, Indiana." MPD (Enter "N/A " if property is not part of a multiple prope:rty listing 2. Location Street & number: Roughly North Anthony Boulevar.l between Vance Avenue on the north and Lake A venue on the south. City or town: Fort WDayn e State:D lnd .ia"n"'a""-----County: ...;..;.A~ll~e~n ____ Not For Publication: Vicinity: 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this _x_ nomination _request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property _x_ meets _ _ does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant at the following level(s ) of significance: national _statewide __ K.._local Applicable National Register Criteria: XA B X C D Signature of certi mg official!fi Je: Indiana DNR-Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government In my opinion, the property _ meets _ does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of commenting official: Date Title: State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government 1 National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State I .he- y certify that this property is: entered in the National Register _determined eligible for the National Register _ determined not eligible for the National Register _removed from the National Register _other (explain:) _ ___ _____ &Qh ~>/{ q. 30~! <f S1gnature of the Keeper Date of Action 5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply.) 0 Private: 0 Public- Local D Public - State D Public-Federal Category of Property (Check only one box.) D Building(s) 0 District D Site D Structure D Object Sections l-6 page 2 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) Contributing Noncontributing 296 71 buildings 0 0 sites 0 0 structures 0 0 objects 296 71 Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register __4 -'------ 0ne individual home, the William and Clara Hagerman House, located at 2105 North Anthony Boulevard has been nominated to the NRHP, and that Nomination is pending as of the date (June, 2014) of this North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Nomination. The Hagerman House has two resources (house and garage) that are counted as being previously listed on the National Register of Historic Places. 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) DOMESTIC: single dwelling DOMESTIC: secondary structure RELIGION: religious facility TRANSPORTATION: road- related Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) DOMESTIC: single dwelling DOMESTIC: secondary structure RELIGION: religious facility TRANSPORTATION: road related Sections 1-6 page 3 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State 7. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions.) LATE 19th AND 20th CENTURY REVIVALS: Colonial Revival LATE 19th AND 20th CENTURY REVIVALS: Tudor Revival LATE 19th AND EARLY 20th CENTURY AMERICAN MOVEMENTS: Bungalow/Craftsman MODERN MOVEMENT: Ranch Materials: (enter categories from instructions.) foundation: Brick walls: WOOD: Weatherboard BRICK. roof: ASPHALT other: METAL:Aluminum SYNTHETICS: Vinyl Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current physical appearance and condition of the property. Describe contributing and noncontributing resources if applicable. Begin with a summary paragraph that briefly describes the general characteristics of the property, such as its location, type, style, method of construction, setting, size, and significant features. Indicate whether the property has historic integrity.) Summary Paragraph Located in the northeast quadrant ofFo rt Wayne, Allen County, Indiana, the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District is comprised of a nearly mile-long collection of residences along North Anthony Boulevard. Platted as part of a 1911 George Kessler plan to beautify the city of Fort Wayne, North Anthony Boulevard unifies the district. Uniformly 100 feet wide, the boulevard features a tree-lined sidewalk allee using a mono culture of the distinctive oriental or "London" plane tree. The North Anthony Boulevard Historic District contains a mixture of architectural styles and forms ranging from Craftsman bungalow, American Foursquare, Colonial Revival and Tudor Revival to post-war examples of the Ranch and American Small House. Architectural integrity of the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District is very high, Section 7 page 4 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State with 87% (173 of 198) of the houses rated as contributing. The district is centered on Anthony Boulevard, and is bound on both north and south by commercial nodes "bookending" the development of the district, the southernmost from the 191 Os and the northernmost from the 1950s. To the east and west of the district are four contemporaneous developments; Forest Park in the southwest, Driving Park in the northwest, Kensington Park in the southeast and Forest Hill/Buena Vista in the northeast. All four of the developments are either NRHP-listed or determined to be Eligible for the NRHP. Narrative Description Located in a large peninsula that separates the St. Joseph River to the north and west, and the Maumee River to the south, the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District features terrain that rises slightly in elevation from south to north. The southernmost portion of the district is nearest the Maumee River, and from that southernmost point the terrain elevates noticeably rising some 40 feet to its highest point between Clara and Charlotte A venues. From this highest point, the terrain gradually lowers some 10 feet at the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District's northernmost boundary. 1 Designed as part of an effort to plan and organize what had previously been a haphazard approach to development, Fort Wayne's City Beautiful-era planning utilized the talents of Charles Mulford Robinson and George Kessler to develop a framework of parks and boulevards that girded the city. Beginning with the 1909 presentation of Robinson's plan and continuing with the 1911 presentation of Kessler's plan, the effort led to the creation of North Anthony Boulevard as a boulevard that would border the eastern portion of the city.2 Running from the southern limit of the city to the northern limit, Anthony Boulevard connected similar Kessler designed boulevards, Rudisill on the south and State on the north. These boulevards were designed to be a "skeleton" that would not only guide future development, but anticipated a future automobile-dominated transportation system. The development of the Boulevard System was an undertaking by the park board, and featured landscape architecture and urban planning elements that conformed with Kessler's 1911 plan. Adopted shortly after the 1911 Report was received, the Board of Park Commissioners voted on December 7, 1912 to begin the widening of the streets to meet the requirements of Kessler's plan? Designed as a 100-foot wide boulevard, North Anthony Boulevard is the largest surviving residential example of Kessler's plan in Fort Wayne. The 40-foot wide roadway was, and remains, flanked on each side by a 30-foot wide green space, in which an allee of trees bracketed the sidewalk. The use of an allee to bracket the sidewalk, rather than the boulevard is unusual. Widened as part of the park board's efforts, 1 USGS map; Fort Wayne East, 1998 2 Christopher Baas and Tina Jones, Multiple Property Document (MPD), "The Civilizing of a Midwestern City: The Park and Boulevard System of Fort Wayne, Indiana - A Plan for the Ideal Development of Transportation, Parks and Residential Subdivisions," 2005, page 3. 3 "Park Board works for realization of the Boulevard Plan" in The Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette, Sunday, Dec. 8, 1912. Section 7 page 5 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State North Anthony within the boundaries of the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District has a noticeable grade change between work done on the boulevard under city auspices, and that done in order to prepare lots for building by private developers. This can be seen clearly in most of the photos of the district, most often as a rise between the 30-foot wide park strip and the rest of the lot. Unique to the boulevards was a scheme of species-specific planting that the park board began in 1912, again in conformance with Kessler's plan. Using a single species of tree, reserved exclusively for use on the boulevards of the city, established a unique feel and design element, and is one characteristic that sets the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District apart from surrounding development. For the boulevards, Kessler specified the use of the oriental, or "London" plane tree. City Forester Carl J. Getz, appointed to a newly-created city post in April 1912, in his end of year report for 1912, notes that the first planting of the Plane trees on the boulevard system was begun in 1912, and opines that the species "has been exclusively reserved for boulevard planting, and the beauty and dignity of this tree, as well as its hardiness and longevity commends it for this purpose."4 Surviving examples of this species remain prevalent on North Anthony, and can be seen in photos #16, #17, #23 through #28, and in #34. Included in Kessler's plan and executed by the park board was a six-foot-wide sidewalk. This sidewalk is located within the park strip and buffered from the road by 19 feet of green space. Also included are ornamental street-lights. Initially conceived to end at the intersection of State and Anthony Boulevards, Anthony Boulevard was extended northward in a continuation of Kessler's concepts in a mutual collaboration between private developers and the park board. Extended as part of the plat for Driving Park in 1913, North Anthony was further extended to intersect with Crescent Avenue in 1918.5 As noted in a 1918 article, "These improvements will complete the boulevard system in 6 that part of the city." The North Anthony Boulevard Historic District combines several plats that share a common relationship to the George Kessler-designed North Anthony Boulevard. 7 The history and development of these plats will be covered in Section 8 of this nomination. Building lots in the district are modest-sized, generally in the neighborhood of 45 feet wide and 130 feet deep, with a deed restriction and building setback that creates a 30-foot wide green belt between houses and North Anthony Boulevard. Lots in the Forest Park, Driving Park and Forest Hill plats, located in the southwest, northwest, and northeast quadrants of the intersection of State and Anthony Boulevards, are served by a residential alleyway and generally have outbuildings that access off of that alleyway. The remaining lots, principally in Kensington Park, the southeast quadrant of the intersection of State and Anthony Boulevards, and also in the northernmost portion of district, lack an alleyway and outbuildings at the rear of the lot are accessed off of Anthony Boulevard. 4 "City Forestry Department; Report of Forester Carl J. Getz" in The Fort Wayne Daily News, Saturday, March 1, 1913. 5 "Plan extension of Boulevard system" in The Fort Wayne Journal Gazette, Tuesday March 26, 1918. 6 Ibid. 7 The boulevard and right-of-way itself was NRHP-listed December 28, 2010 as part of the Fort Wayne Park and Boulevard System Historic District Section 7 page 6 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State Most of the residences in the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District were built within a relatively brief window of time. From the initial platting and development in the late 1910s, some 86% (171 of 198) of the houses were complete by 1930. The remaining 14% represent infill development within a mature neighborhood. The most prevalent styles are representative of this early time period. These include Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, Craftsman, and American Foursquare. Later infill houses appear in the Modem, Ranch, Minimal Traditional, and American Small House styles. Houses on North Anthony have a remarkable similarity in initial construction cost due to the use of deed restrictions by early developers. Surrounded by houses with a higher initial build quality set on larger estate sized lots in the southern portion of the district, the houses in the northern portion of the district have a higher initial build and larger lot size cost than those that surround them. Similarly, houses in the southern portion of the district tend to be frame, while those in the northern skew towards brick construction. Despite this change in surrounding development, houses throughout the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District have similar building sizes, styles, setback, and initial building cost throughout the district from north to south. Evaluation of resources followed the National Park Service guidelines for determining integrity found in National Register Bulletin 15, How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation.8 These seven elements (Location, Design, Setting, Materials, Workmanship, Feeling and Association) provided the basis for evaluation. The National Park Service Bulletin Historic Residential Suburbs: Guidelines for Evaluation and Documentation for the National Register of Historic Places provides guidance that "Buildings, structures, objects, and sites within a historic residential suburb are classified as "contributing" if they were present during the period of significance and possess historic integrity for that period."9 In addition, a shorthand method was developed for the North Anthony Boulevard Historic District that evaluated each resource's integrity using a three-point matrix. These three points (cladding, fenestration, and form/ornament) provided a way to categorize the integrity of resources in a way that aligned with the guidance from the National Park Service. Each of the three points was evaluated for each building in the district. Those buildings that retained integrity in two of the three categories were determined to be contributing. Those that did not possess that integrity in two of the three were determined to be non-contributing. The following is an example of the process using two adjacent houses, the Carl E. and Frances H. Miller House at 2510 North Anthony Boulevard contributing (see Photo 0023), and the William J. and Ida C. Lemke House at 2514 North Anthony Boulevard-non-contributing (see Photo 0023). Both houses were built in a similar time period; 1925 for the Miller House and 1930 for the Lemke House. The Miller House (Photo 0023) possesses integrity in its cladding with the original wood clapboard still intact. It also retains integrity in its fenestration with all of the original wood double-hung windows very visible. It is lacking integrity in the category of form/ornament in which, while the original form and the original ornament is still in existence, providing stylistic reference, the porch, particularly the supports and balustrade, have been altered, thus losing integrity. It thus retains two of the three elements and is categorized as contributing. The adjacent Lemke House (Photo 8 http://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/nrb15/index.htm 9 http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/publications/bulletins/suburbs/p art5.htm Section 7 page 7 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State 0023), is lacking integrity in its cladding with the original wood clapboard now obscured by vinyl siding, vertical wood siding, and diagonal wood siding. The fenestration is also lacking in integrity. Although some original wood double-hung and casement windows remain in the upper story, the majority have been replaced with modem replacement windows of different material, with faux muntins and dissimilar profile. The form/ornament category is likewise lacking in integrity. Although the form has been retained, the loss of original ornament, although still partially referenced by the cornice returns and projecting gable, has so obscured the stylistic reference to the original English Cottage style as to lose integrity. All three categories are thus lacking in integrity and the house is categorized as non-contributing. 1) 1519 North Anthony Boulevard-Theo and Pauline Prange House c. 1918 American Foursquare Photo 1, right Contributing with contributing garage This American Foursquare has a hipped roof with a dormer and brick chimney, full-width porch, aluminum siding and brick foundation. The first story has the original entrance door with transom and a large fixed window with transom. A full-width porch spans the first story fa<;ade. The porch has a half-hipped roof with square wood columns, wood balustrade and vertical wood board skirting. There are two windows on the second-story fa<;ade. Both are historic one-over one double-hung wood-sash windows with aluminum storm windows. These windows are flanked with non-historic decorative shutters. The house has a frieze board that abuts its deep eaves. The dormer has paired, single-pane casement windows. Theo Prange was employed at WKMills. 2) 1611 North Anthony Boulevard-Hugo Reinking House c. 1923 Craftsman Photo 2, center right Contributing with non-contributing garage The Reinking House is a two-story Craftsman dwelling with vinyl siding and an interior wall brick chimney and thru-eave brick chimney. The asymmetrical fa<;ade has a partial-width gabled porch. All windows are vinyl-sash one-over-one. The front door is not original. Though altered, the house still has its intended window placement and massing. The porch remains unaltered. Hugo Reinking had a career as an accountant. 3) 1615 North Anthony Boulevard - Harry and Augusta Koch House c. 1925 California Bungalow Photo 2, far right Contributing with non-contributing garage This residence is a one-story bungalow with gable-front roof, offset gable-front porch and wood clapboard siding. The house has paired and individual wood-sash three-over-one double-hung windows and three-light awning windows, each with plain board surrounds. The partial-width Section 7 page 8 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State porch roof is supported by two groups of three square columns at the front two comers, which sit atop a brick knee wall. The roof features exposed rafters, exposed purlins and interior brick chimney. 4) 1702 North Anthony Boulevard-William and Mae Homing House c. 1926 California Bungalow Photo 3, left Contributing with contributing garage This one-story wood-frame California Bungalow has a front-gable asphalt-clad roof and flared eaves. The full-width porch has a lower pitched roof with slightly flared eaves and knee braces. In the half-story above the porch there is a set of paired one-over-one double-hung wood-sash windows. Beneath the porch, the central front door is flanked by two three-part windows. Each grouping has a center six-over-one double-hung wood-sash window flanked by two-over-two double-hung windows. The porch roof is supported by battered square wood columns atop brick piers. A modem wood balustrade connects the piers. William Homing was employed by the Pennsylvania Railroad as an engineer. 5) 1618 North Anthony Boulevard-Lawrence J. Bilske House c. 1925 Colonial Revival Photo 3, center Contributing with contributing garage A two-story Colonial Revival with gabled porch on the fa<;ade and a one-story wing on east elevation stands on this lot. The first story has a centered portico, but asymmetrical openings under, while the second floor is symmetrical. The entire house is clad in aluminum siding. The front entry is shielded by a partial width, one-story porch with wrought iron supports, c. 1960. The front door is a replacement. The house has replacement vinyl sash six-over-one double-hung windows and vinyl sash casement windows. The asphalt roof has an interior brick chimney and cornice returns. The house, though altered, retains its massing, pattern of openings and open porch. Lawrence Bilske was a machinist. 6) 1709 North Anthony Boulevard-Wesling-Fryer House c. 1922 American Foursquare Photo 4, right Contributing with contributing garage This residence has walls clad in vinyl siding, a hip roof clad in asphalt shingles, an interior brick chimney and hip roof dormer on the east elevation. The dormer has two fixed sash square windows. The two-bay fa<;ade is dominated by a full-width, one-story porch with a hip roof. The porch is constructed of rock-faced concrete blocks. Two battered wood columns sit atop concrete block piers to support the porch roof. A picture window and front door are sheltered by the porch. The windows are wood-sash one-over-one double-hung windows. A small shed roof with knee braces shelters a secondary entry on the north elevation. This American Foursquare was the home to two different families, both of whom had similar employment. Heman W esling, an Section 7 page 9 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 North Anthony Boulevard Historic District Allen County, Indiana Name of Property County and State engineer, and his wife Marie were followed by Harry and Ethel Fryer. Harry was employed as an engineer. 7) 1707 North Anthony Boulevard-House c. 1925 Colonial Revival Photo 4, center Contributing with non-contributing garage This is a brown brick two-story Colonial Revival house with side-gable roof and cornice returns. The fa<;ade has paired six-over-one wood-sash windows on the first and second story, with rowlock brick sills. Separating the first and second stories is a small pent roof that runs the width of the fa<;ade. The glazed front door is centrally located and shielded by a gabled entry porch supported by two Doric columns. There is a one-story sun porch on the south elevation. A large brick chimney with corbeling emerges through the eave on the north elevation. A narrow frieze board runs underneath the eaves. 8) 1820 North Anthony Boulevard - John Schneider House c. 1925 Colonial Revival Photo 5, left Contributing with contributing garage This two-story side-gabled Colonial Revival horne features a rectangular plan and a one-story sun porch on the south elevation. The house has historic wood-sash four-over-one double-hung windows in its three bays. Decorative shutters adorn the windows on the second story fa<;ade. The southernmost first story bay has a small gabled portico braced by decorative wrought iron supports and a glazed wood front door. The asphalt-clad roof has narrow eaves and simple cornice returns. An interior brick chimney emerges through the roof at the north end of the house. 9) 1816 North Anthony Boulevard - Mark and Nina Young House c. 1927 Dutch Colonial Revival Photo 5, right Contributing with contributing garage This gambrel roofed Dutch Colonial Revival house sits on a brick foundation. The house has vinyl sash six-over-one and one-over-one double-hung windows. On the fa<;ade, the lower eave of the gambrel roof is interrupted by a gabled hood on knee braces over the glazed multi-light front door. A one-story sun-room sits on the south elevation of the house and has low-pitched hip roof. One large window has been filled in. It has a continuous shed roof dormer on both front and rear elevations. Each dormer has three windows. Mark Young was a department manager at Fort Wayne's large downtown department store, Wolf and Dessauer. 10) 1831 North Anthony Boulevard-Leo and Cecelia Herber House c. 1924 American Foursquare Photo 6, far right Section 7 page 10