NFV Orchestration using OpenStack by Simar Arora B.Tech., DAV College of Engineering & Technology, 2013 A Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in the Department of Computer Science ã Simar Arora, 2017 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This project may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii NFV Orchestration using OpenStack by Simar Arora B.Tech., DAV College of Engineering & Technology, 2013 Supervisory Committee Dr. Sudhakar Ganti (Department of Computer Science) Co-Supervisor Dr. Daniela Damian (Department of Computer Science) Co-supervisor iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr. Sudhakar Ganti (Department of Computer Science) Co-Supervisor Dr. Daniela Damian (Department of Computer Science) Co-supervisor This work demonstrates the study and experimentation of network function virtualization on OpenStack environment. OpenStack is a cloud computing platform which provides shared resources to perform computations and manage data with the help of virtual machines. Additionally, OpenStack serves as network function virtualization infrastructure platform to deploy and operate Virtual Network Functions such as firewall, router or a load balancer which can replace propriety hardware and orchestrate end-to-end network services. iv Table of Contents Supervisory Committee ii Abstract iii Table of Contents iv List of Figures vi Acknowledgements vii Dedication viii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Network Function Virtualization ..............................................................................1 1.2 Project Framework ...................................................................................................4 2 OpenStack and NFV 5 2.1 OpenStack .................................................................................................................5 2.2 OpenStack Components ............................................................................................6 2.3 What is NFV ...........................................................................................................10 2.4 Use Cases NFV .......................................................................................................10 2.5 NFV at ETSI ...........................................................................................................11 2.5.1 Components of NFV Architecture ................................................................12 2.6 OPNFV ....................................................................................................................15 3 Related Study and Approaches 16 3.1 Juniper Contrail ......................................................................................................16 3.1.1 Problems faced with Juniper Contrail ...........................................................17 3.2 Tacker ......................................................................................................................18 3.2.1 Tacker Components ......................................................................................19 4 Setup & Experimentation .........................................................................................25 4.1 Setup .....................................................................................................................25 v 4.1.1 Hardware Setup .............................................................................................25 4.1.2 OpenStack Setup ...........................................................................................26 4.1.3 NFV Setup .....................................................................................................28 4.2 Challenges Faced in Setup ...................................................................................30 4.3 Experimentation ...................................................................................................30 4.3.1 Experiment 1 ................................................................................................30 4.3.1.1 Creating Subnets in OpenStack ..................................................................31 4.3.1.2 Creating a VNF Catalog .............................................................................31 4.3.1.3 Deploying the VNF ....................................................................................35 4.3.1.4 Health monitoring of VNF .........................................................................39 4.3.2 Experiment 2 .................................................................................................40 5 Conclusion and Future Work 41 5.1 Summary .................................................................................................................41 5.2 Future work .............................................................................................................42 Bibliography 43 vi List of Figures Figure 1.1 Traditional Network Services Architecture ----------------------------------------- 2 Figure 1.2 Network Services Architecture with NFV ------------------------------------------ 3 Figure 2.1 OpenStack High-Level View --------------------------------------------------------- 5 Figure 2.2 OpenStack Architecture --------------------------------------------------------------- 8 Figure 2.3 OpenStack Nodes ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Figure 2.4 NFV Architecture ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 Figure 3.1 Juniper Contrail ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 Figure 3.2 Tacker Architecture ------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 Figure 3.3 VNFD Sample ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Figure 3.4 VNFFG Sample ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Figure 3.5 NSD Sample ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Figure 3.6 Tacker in NFV Architecture --------------------------------------------------------- 23 Figure 3.7 Functioning elements in Tacker ----------------------------------------------------- 24 Figure 4.1 Hardware requirements for OpenStack -------------------------------------------- 26 Figure 4.2 OpenStack Command Line Services ------------------------------------------------ 27 Figure 4.3 OpenStack Dashboard ---------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Figure 4.4 Tacker Command line ----------------------------------------------------------------- 29 Figure 4.5 OpenStack Dashboard with NFV --------------------------------------------------- 29 Figure 4.6 Adding OpenWRT image ------------------------------------------------------------ 30 Figure 4.7 Creating Multiple Subnets in OpenStack ------------------------------------------- 31 Figure 4.8 VDU Configuration in VNFD ------------------------------------------------------- 32 Figure 4.9 VL Configuration in VNFD --------------------------------------------------------- 33 Figure 4.10 CP Configuration in VNFD -------------------------------------------------------- 34 Figure 4.11 Deploying VNF ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 Figure 4.12 Overview of virtual OpenWRT instance ----------------------------------------- 37 Figure 4.13 VNF instance ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 Figure 4.14 Network Topology VNF ----------------------------------------------------------- 38 Figure 4.15 Health Monitoring of VNF --------------------------------------------------------- 39 Figure 4.16 Multiple VNF instances ------------------------------------------------------------ 40 Figure 4.17 Network Topology Multiple VNFs ----------------------------------------------- 40 vii Acknowledgments I sincerely thank my supervisor Dr. Sudhakar Ganti for his expert guidance and encouragement. Also, I would like to thank my girlfriend Sakshi, for providing an invaluable support throughout this degree and beyond. viii Dedication To my parents, my pillar of strength. Chapter 1 Introduction Cloud computing has brought a dynamic shift in IT industry in the recent years. Corporate giants like Netflix and Dropbox use cloud computing as their backbone. Cloud computing is based on the model of sharing resources including standard high-volume servers, networking, storage, and switches. The key features of cloud computing include on-demand self-service, rapid elasticity, resource pooling. Companies benefit from this model by paying as per use and hence deploying applications on those resources. The implications of having such environment are huge and one of the benefits is the origination of Network Function Virtualization. 1.1 Network Function Virtualization Background Provisioning network services within the telecommunication industry up until now has followed the approach where network operators install proprietary hardware for specific network function. This approach brings out issues of compatibility and chaining when different hardware components are brought into the equation. 2 Couple these issues with quality control and scalability requirements and we are stuck with long product cycles and ever-increasing dependence on brand-named hardware. The figure [2] below describes the traditional approach of network architecture. Figure 1.1 Traditional Network Services Architecture Another challenge in front of the network service operators is the rapidly growing user requirements which push the companies to procure more equipment in order to fulfill those needs which further leads to increase in operational costs. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) seems to be the best solution to resolve these issues.