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New Species of Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru PDF

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NEW LAURACEAE OF SPECIES Henk van der Werff^ FROM ECUADOR AND PERU^ Abstract The new Seven species of Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru are described and their affinities are discussed. species Cinnamomum belong to the genera Caryodaphnopsis (C. tomentosa), (C. napoense and C. palaciosii), Endlicheria (E. citriodora), Ocotea {O. alata, 0. infrafoveolata, and O. rotundata), and Rhodostemonodaphne {R. sjnandra). Intensive fieldwork during the past few years in connected; lamina glabrous above or with traces Peru (by A. Gentry, R. Vasquez, and N. Jaramillo) of pubescence at the bases of the major veins, and Ecuador (mostly by D. C. Ceron, and brown-tomentose on lower surface. Petioles to Neill, 1 cm W. Palacios) has resulted in a large number of long, tomentose. Inflorescences clustered in the excellent collections of Lauraceae. Several of these axils of leaves, paniculate, with opposite or alter- cm represent undescribed species and seven of the nate branching, to 7 long, whitish tomentellous grouped cymes. Bracts of most striking ones are described in this contribu- in sicco, flowers in in- ones expect that as long as these collecting efforts florescences persistent, linear, the larger ca. tion. I mm continue, more undescribed species become 2 long, bracts subtending flowers only half as will mm 2-3 known and articles such as this one, describing long. Pedicels long. Flowers green, with- these novelties, appear with some regularity. out odor (fide collector). Tepals 6, strongly unequal, will the outer three broadly ovate to roundfish, ca. 1 mm Caryodaphnopsis tomentosa van der Werff, long, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, mm nov. TYPE: Ecuador. Napo, Estacion Biol- spreading; inner tepals erect, ca. 3 long, el- sp. m some ogica Jatun Sacha, tree, 25 tall, flowers llptic, pubescent outside, inside with scattered green, 7 Aug. 1989, Palacios 1337 (holo- hairs mostly near the margin. Stamens of whorls mm MO; AAU, BOG, CR, GH, and 2-celled, 1.5 long, the filament type, isotypes, F, I II fertile, mm HBG, K, KUN, LE, QAME, QCE, QRS, long, dorsally pubescent, otherwise glabrous; L, 1 mm NY, P, S, US). Figure stamens of whorl III 0.7 long, sterile or with 1. 2 mhmte, the filament with two vestigial locelli, Ab speciebus ceteris Caryodaphnopsis ramulis et foiiis basal glands, the anther well developed and clearly subtus tomentosis, staminibus fertilibus 6, bilocellatis, re- differentiated from the filament; staminodia (whorl cedit. mm IV) ca. 0.7 long, with a pubescent filament m m Ovary Tree, 25 the trunk with buttresses and glabrous, cordate glabrous, ellipsoid, tip. tall, 1 high. Twigs terete or slightly quadrangular, brown- gradually narrowed into the slender style. Recep- tomentose when young, becoming glabrous. Ter- tacle shallow, pubescent inside. Car tomentosa very minal bud brown-tomentose. Leaves opposite, co- joJa/>/iAirY^5/5 a distinc- is 8-18 3-7 riaceous, X cm, the base obtuse tive species by virtue of tomentose pubescence elliptic, its or acute, the tip acute, triveined, the 2 lateral veins on twigs and leaves, its pubescent inflorescences beginning at the very leaf base and ending in the and flowers, the presence of only six fertile two- apex, impressed on the upper surface and promi- celled stamens, and coriaceous leaves with its nently raised on the lower surface, the perpendic- strongly raised venation. Although its androecium Caryodaphnopsis, ular tertiary veins raised on the lower surface, the unique in possesses all other is it lateral veins with up to 10 branchlets toward the characters of the genus, such as opposite leaves, margin, these strongly arching upward and loop- strongly unequal tepals, and a long, slender style. Luther Raechal kindly photographed the type specimens. Drawings were made by John Myers. thank the I ' Peru and Ecuador numbers 3480-86 and National Geographic Society for financial support of fieldwork in (grant 3821-88). Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O.Box 299, Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A. 2 St. 409-423, Ann. Missouri Bot. Card. 78: 1991. 410 Annals of the Garden Missouri Botanical E E CNJ — — Figure Caryoduphiwpsis tumrntosa.—A, I. Habit. B. Detail of inflorescence.— C. D. Stamen of Pistil. — — — whorl III (sterile). E. Staminode of whorl IV. F. Stamen of whorl I/II ventral view. G. Larva inside flower. Volume Number 2 van der Werff 411 78, New Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru 1991 Although Caryodaphnopsis tomentosa only lornbia and Peru, has apparently not been re- is it known with certainty from the type collection, three corded from Ecuador. Recent fieldwork has shown sterile collections from Peru probably represent the that it is represented by at least three, and probably same species. These are: Ge/i/rje^ 42762 (MO) more species in Ecuador. Further collecting may a/. & 6387 known and Vdsqiiez Jaramillo (MO), both from demonstrate that the paucity of Cinna- momum Yanamono, Explorama Tourist Camp, Maynas, species in northern South America reflects Loreto, and Gentry et al. 55831 (MO), from the incomplete collecting and that the genus is rep- more Explorama Inn, Maynas, Loreto. In venation and resented by species than previously thought. A indument these collections are a good match for possibly useful character in the identification Cinnamomum The the type collection. of the odor of the flowers. is Cinnamomum Although fruits have not yet been collected, they species of I have collected (C. cos- & were described by the collector as small and round, taricanum (Mez Pitt.) Kostermans, C. cinna- (HBK) a fruit type which to be expected in this group momlfolium Kostermans in Venezuela is s.l. Caryodaphnopsis and Ecuador, and palaciosii van der Werff) of species with strongly C, all tri- veined leaves (van der Werff, 1988). The collector had flowers with a similar odor of urine. As a rule, noted that small white larvae were frequently pres- Lauraceae have pleasantly fragrant flowers, and ent the flowers and, indeed, larvae were found therefore think this peculiar odor indicative for in I is Cinnamomum most dissected flowers. the neotropical species. in Cinnamomum Schaeffer Cinnamomum napoense van der Werff, sp. Cinnamomum The group which of species to nov. TYPE: Ecuador. Napo, Estacion Biologica napoense and palaciosii belong has been C. in- 2-5 m, 1988 Jatun Sacha, 7 Sep. tree, (fl), cluded Phoebe by authors (Mez, 1889, earlier in 2886 MO; QCE, Palarios (holotype, isotypes, Mez Because was person for instance). the last to QAME, AAU, HBG, NY, US). Figures 2B, survey neotropical Lauraceae, concepts of his all 3A-F. and genera have long remained unchal- species Ab Mez now some ceteris speciebus subgeneris Heterantherae lenged. Until have, with hesitation, I costarum majorlbus, longioribus foliis petiolis et axillis accepted Mez's concept (van der Werff, 1987, subtus non-barbellatis differt. 1988). Kostermans (1961) argued for the transfer m Cinnamomum of neotropical Phoebe species to and Trees, to 15 tall. Twigs terete, glabrous or made the necessary new combinations. Because minutely puberulous when young, with a soft pith various neotropical species of other genera have and sometimes fistulose. Terminal bud densely pu- been erroneously described in Phoebe, T feh that be rulous. Leaves alternate, somewhat clustered near 6-12 18-30 x these problems needed to be sorted out before the tips of branches, chartaceous, Cinnamomum. accepting the remaining species in cm, elliptic, the base acute or rarely obtuse, the my have now changed mind on makes no acute, upper surface glabrous, lower surface this; tip I it sense to describe new species in a genus to which glabrous and densely gland-dotted, sometimes with they do not belong. Although the problems with minute, appressed hairs along the major veins, the delimitation of Cinnamomum are not solved lateral veins 5-8 on each side, arching upward and generic concepts may change again the near the margin and somewhat loop-connected in in future, think the neotropical species formerly the upper 14 of the leaf, midrib and lateral veins I treated Phoebe are, with some exceptions, more impressed on upper surface and prominently raised in Cinnamomum closely related to than to any other on lower surface, the tertiary venation less raised Cinnamomum genus, and accept as their generic and drying lighter than the lamina. Basal lateral I Wood name. anatomical characters also support veins stronger developed than the upper ones. Tufts the transfer of neotropical Phoebe species to Cin- of hair absent from the axils of the lateral veins. namomum 3-4.5 cm (Richter, 1981). Petioles glabrous, canaliculate, long. Tn- Cinnamomum The neotropical species have two florescences clustered on very short, leafless shoots areasof species richness: northern Central America in the axils of normal leaves or along the twigs, 5-15 cm and southern The genus poorly repre- minutely puberulous, long, paniculate, Brazil. is sented other neotropical areas. Most collections the ultimate division(s) usually cymose, but occa- in 3-4 from northern South America belong to the C. sionally racemose. Flowers yellow, pedicels mm 1.5- cinnamomifolia complex, which usually occurs in long. Tepals 6, erect at anthesis, ovate, mm montane habitats (mostly 1,200-2,000 m). Al- 2 long, on both surfaces with some appressed though Mez (1889) reported the genus from Co- hairs, united at the base and falling together off" 412 Annals of the Garden Missouri Botanical • 36916'^5 m 3e9tB07 T^ir itAi f I ^ N .u« kit-- A. I I ^-* *!< I«« iWii' "*«— "^'"^-ii !«L*'* N* 3395404 KMllchtrlA rlVrl*iM-<i *«> 4*i i|Mfr T. M'k* 4i 140 a ^«4» I ^1^ N r^Ji 1 Jl 4, ^.,.^^ 1 I L «« M« • '- » ' .'5R, tHrll 1* tf *li 7 Vu-t«»t 1 r. lir^ P| I r /-'I -r * — — — — Figure Cinnamomum B.Cinnamomum napoense. CEndlicheria citriodora. D. Ocotea 2. A. palaciosii. (data. Volume Number 2 van der Werff 413 78, New Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru 1991 — — — Cinnamomam Figure 3. A-F. napoense. A. Floral detail. B. Flower, outside. C. Three fallen tepals, with — — 4-celled stamens of whorl I/II, a 2-celled stamen of whorl III with basal glands and a staminode. D. Pistil. E, Stamen of whorl III, the basal glands lacking, dorsal view, F. Cupule with fruit. G-J. Ocotea rotundata.—G. Part — — of inflorescence. H. Flower with several tepals removed. Stamen of whorl I/II, ventral view. Cupules. I. J. with the stamens in old flowers. Stamens 9, the opening extrorsely, the sparsely pubescent filament outer six 4-celled, attached near the base of the about as long as the anther; glands attached 11, tepals and slightly shorter than them, anthers ca. at the base of the stamens of the whorl III; stamino- mm mm 0.8 long, cells opening introrsely and arranged dia 3, ca. 0.6 long, with a very short, pubescent in 2 horizontal pairs, the filament gradually widened filament and a large, sagittate tip. Ovary glabrous, some into the anther, with short hairs, especially ellipsoid, included in the receptacle, style slender, dorsally; the inner 3 and staminodia attached on about as long as the ovary, the entire ca. 1.8 pistil mm a ridge which bent inward and largely covers the long; receptacle with scattered hairs inside, is cm ovary, inner 3 stamens 2-celled, slightly shorter Cupule ca. the rim slightly lobed, the 1 tall, than the stamens of the outer whorls, the cells young fruit included, older fruits greatly exserted, 414 Annals of the Garden Missouri Botanical £ E E E CO : itfAV-.:v>. \:7 :-'.,.... '. E E — Figure 4. A, B. Endlicheria citriodora. A. Cross section through pistillate flower. B. Staminate flower. C- — — — Cinnamomum F. palaciosii. C. Flower, with some tepals removed. D. Stamen of whorl I/II, ventral view. E. Stamen of whorl dorsal view. -F. Stuminode of whorl IV. III, cm ca. 2 long; margin of cupule often with rem- cies. The Brazilian species differ in their smaller cm nants ot stamens. leaves (less than 10 long), shorter petioles (less mm than 15 long) and often dense pubescence on Wai Paratypcs. ECUADOR, NAPO: Rio aya, Brand- the lower side of the leaves. Of the two Peruvian si 36207 bygc (AAU); San Pablo de Secoyas, et al. los (fl) Kostermans species, C. suhsessile (Meissner) has Rnindhyge ai 36229 (AAU); km 32 carretera et (fl) and subsessile leaves with a cordate base C. het- Hollin-Loreto, Neill ai 8605. (MO, QAME); Re- et (fl) & serva Biologica Jatun Sacha, Palacios 1316 (MO, eranthera (R. P.) Kostermans has small (to 9 (fl) cm QAME), 4396 (MO, QAME), Ceron 5970 (MO, long) leaves with tufts of hair in the axils of (fr) QAME); km Rio Napo, 8 from Pto. Misahualli, Palacios the lateral veins. Thus, C, napoense differs from the other species of subg. Tleteranthera by large ff^A^fniJlS' its RR!els!e,riv"ariF!l!o!ri!sSt^i^ca El Churicho, Zaruma 611 (MO, QAME). leaves, long petioles, and lack of axillary tufts of August-September; Flowers: fruits (mature): hair. In older flowers the tepals break off just above By January. virtue of its 2-celled anthers of the their base and the margin of the cupule slightly is Cinnamomum napoense whorl III of stamens, be- undulating due to the presence of the short tepal longs to subg. Heteranlhcra Mez. This subgenus bases. Often a few stamens also persist on the consists of two Peruvian and several Brazilian spe- margin of the cupule. Volume Number 78, 2 van der Werff 415 New 1991 Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru mm Cinnamotnum palaciosii van der WerfF, sp. style slender, ca. 1.5 long. Receptacle pubes- nov.TYPE; Ecuador. Imbabura; remnant unknown. cent forest inside. Fruit Cinnamomum along road Apuela-Otovalo near Apuela, known from elev. palaciosii, only the & 2,000 m, 14 Feb. 1989, van der Werff type collection, belongs to Phoebe subg. Phoebe 10575 MO; Pnlacios (holotype, isotypes, sensu Mez. Within this subgenus, keys to Cin- it AAU, QAME, namomum QCE, NY, K, US). Figures 2A, salicifolium (Nees) Kostermans, a 4C-F. known much poorly Mexican species with smaller leaves and smaller flowers. The new species can Ab congeneribus magnis, tomen- be readily recognized by its large, tripliveined leaves foliis inflorescentiis tellis et floribus pedicellisque glabris differt. with an angustate or cuneate base, and the rather large, glabrous flowers contrasting with the tomen- 25 m, Tree, with divided buttresses. Twigs an- tellous inflorescence. when gular, solid, very young yellow-brown to- It is a pleasure to name this species after Ing, mentellous, the indument becoming gray and spars- Walter Palacios, who accompanied me on several er on old twigs. Terminal bud densely yellow-brown field trips in Ecuador and who has collected several 15-25 pubescent. Leaves alternate, chartaceous, undescribed species of Lauraceae. 8-15 X cm, broadly elliptic or elliptic-oblong, the acumen cm shortly acuminate, the tip ca. long, Endlicheria citriodora van 1 der Werff*, sp. nov. the base cuneate or narrowly acute, midrib and Maynas, XYPE: Peru. Loreto: Jenaro Herrera, lateral veins impressed on upper surface, promi- 1988 roa<lside near the arboretum, 7 Aug. nently raised on lower surface, the tertiary venation & ^^n der Vdsqucz Jaramillo Werff, (fl)^ 3-5 less raised; lateral veins on each side, the basal MO; AMAZ, 9997^ 5 (holotype, isotypes, much more pair strongly developed than the upper HBG). Figures 2C, 4A, B. ones, thus the leaves subtripliveined, the second A congeneribus subtus indumento pair of lateral veins near or above the middle of foliis glaucis, ra- niulorum brunneo ramuHs et citriodoris diversa est. the lamina; upper surface glabrous with the ex- m some ception of pubescence on midrib and basal Dioecious 25 Twigs tree, to longitudinally tall. lateral veins, lower surface sparsely (occasionally ridged, roundish, densely brown-tomentellous with densely) appressed pubescent with the hairs not the odor of lemon and anise, the lemon scent dom- all same oriented in the direction, barbellate in the inating. Terminal bud brown-tomentellous. Leaves 2-3 cm 15-30 7-14 axils of the lateral veins. Petioles long, alternate, firmly chartaceous, x cm, canaliculate, with similar indument as twigs. Inflo- oblong or elliptic-ovate, the base obtuse, elliptic, rescences single or a few together on short, leafless tip sharply acute to acuminate, the upper surface 4-14 cm spurs, long, paniculate, with the ultimate glabrous except for the tomentellous midvein, the cymose divisions or sometimes appearing racemose lower surface glaucous and with varying amounts through loss of the lateral flowers of a cyme, dense- of small, appressed hairs, these never obscuring 7-10 yellow-brown ly tomentellous, especially along the the surface; lateral veins on each side, arch- main axis; bracts frequently present, tomentellous- ing upward near the margin but not becoming loop- mm on 1-3 pilose outside, glabrous inside, long, connected, immersed on the upper surface, raised ovate to (very) narrowly ovate; pedicels and flowers on the lower surface, the midvein prominently raised glabrous and contrasting markedly with the pu- below, tertiary venation faintly visible on both sur- mm cm bescent inflorescence. Pedicels 5 2-3.5 terete, to faces. Petioles long, with similar indu- cyme long, the lateral flowers of a often with shorter ment as twigs, the adaxial side the abaxial side flat, pedicels. Flowers green, smelling of urine. Tepals rounded. Inflorescences reddish, in axils of regular mm 1015 3-3.5 cm 6, equal, erect at anthesis, ovate, long leaves or cataphylls, long, brown-to- 2^3 at anthesis, glabrous outside, the 3 inner ones pu- mentellous, times branched, the ultimate bescent toward Stamens inside, especially the base. branching cymose; In staminate plants the ultimate 9, all 4-celled, the outer 6 with the introrse cells cymes usually sessile, the flowers thus in dense arranged 6-7 in 2 horizontal rows; the anther ca. 1 groups of (rarely 9 or 13) flowers. Pedicels mm mm long, about as long as the pubescent filament; 1.5-2.5 long and flowers densely, minutely inner 3 stamens with narrow anthers, the cells pubescent, the indument covering the surface en- mm lateral-extrorse, filaments with 2 large glands near Receptacle deep, 0.7 tirely. ca. long, slightly and the base slightly longer than the anthers; stanii- constricted near the densely pubescent tip, inside. mm mm nodia 3, 1.5 long, the cordate tip ca. 0.8 Tepals 6, equal, spreading at anthesis, the tips bent mm long, filament pubescent; ovary glabrous, globose, inward, ca. 0.7 long, ovate-elliptic, with some 416 Annals of the Garden Missouri Botanical hairs on the inner surface. Male flowers: tepals ecus lower leaf surface^ the indument of twigs and make reddish and stamens yellow, at anthesis the tepals inflorescence and the lemon odor identifi- spreading and the stamens exposed. Stamens cation easy, however. fully mm An 9, 2-celled, the outer 6 ca. 0.5 long, almost unusual character of the staminate inflores- all the filament narrower than the anther, the cences the frequent suppression of the peduncles sessile, is cells large, the connective extending beyond the of the ultimate cymes. Thus, the flowers appear in some cells, filament with hairs at the base; inner pseudo-umbellate clusters, mostly consisting of six mm 3 stamens with extrorse cells, 0.7 long, the flowers (two cymes along an axis), or seven flowers cyme pubescent filament about as long as and wider than (a terminal with the two lateral divisions again the antlier; no glands seen on the filaments. Pis- cymosely branched). Occasionally, when the ulti- mate main becomes tillode threadlike, glabrous, without a stigma, not part of the axis also sup- may surpassing the stamens. Female flowers: tepals at pressed, the pseudo-umbels consist of nine anthesis erect, the tips slightly incurved. Stami- (one terminal and two lateral cymes condensed) or mm nodes 0.3-0.5 long, the filaments broad, pu- 13 (two lateral and a branched terminal cyme) number Stam- bescent, anthers 2-celled, the cells opening. flowers. Frequently, the of flowers small- is inodes surpassed by the style and or less er, because the central flowers of each cyme de- mm hidden under the stigma. Pistil 1.2~1.5 long, velop faster than the laterals and fall ofl* before the glabrous, ovary about as long and wide as the style, laterals, Cupule cupshapcd, stigma large, peltate. shallowly smooth, x cm; red in vivo, 1.1 1.9 in sicco black, Ocotea alata van der nov. TYPE: Peru. Werff", sp. contrasting sharply with the tan-pubescent ped- this Nanay Loreto: Maynas, Mishana, Rio halfway X cm. Fruit ellipsoid. 2.5 1.5 icel. between and Santa Maria de Nanay, Iquitos Parutypes. Peru. I.okkto: Requena, Jenaro Herrera, 12-13 upland forest on white sand, Jan, 1983, A. Castillo 13, 6 (MO), tree 4-478, A.. Castillo 34. (fl) 39447 Gentry MO). $ (holotype, et al. & (fl). (MO), Vdsquez Jaramillo 9593, (MO, 6 S (fl) (fl) 2D. Figure AMAZ); Maynas, Puerto Ahnendras van der Werff et al. 9776 (MO, AMAZ); Maynas, Mishana, Gentry al (st) et Ab Ocotea glome rat a et O. magnifica rainulis alatis 25983 (MO) Gentry 39301 (MO), van der (st) et al. (fr) et basi rotundatis vel subcordatis recedit. foliis 10187, (MO, AMAZ); Maynas, Terffet 9 Alpa- al. (fl) huayo, field station of IIAP, van der Werff et al 10242, m 20 mostly than Dioecious but tree to less tall, (MO, AMAZ). 6 mm (fl) 10 m. Twigs winged, the wings to 5 broad. Flowers: August-September; January. young twigs densely tomentellous, glabrescent with fruits Conunon names: Limon-moena, Anis moena. age. Terminal bud densely tomentellous. Leaves 35-65 x 10—20 Etulllcheria (itriodora has been collected in the alternate, chartaceous, cm, (nar- vicinity of Iquitos and Jenaro Herrera in Amazo- rowly) obovate or elliptic, the base abruptly round- nian Peru. It is restricted to a forest type locally ed to subcordate, the tip acute to acuminate, the called 'Varillal," a ca. 25-30-m-tall, closed forest upper surface glabrous, the lower surface with short, mm on a substrate of predominantly white sand with a erect hairs ca. 0.2 long, the pubescence spars- snmll amount of clay. The glaucous lower leaf er and shorter on old leaves, the surface always surface and the lemon scent are very good venation immersed on upper surface, mid- field visible; characters; the scent pronounced dried vein prominently raised on lower surface, the less in lat- is material, and specimens preserved in alcohol lose eral veins (15-20 on each side) raised and tertiary The the glaucous cast. two Castillo collections have venation slightly raised; lateral veins arching up- retained the striking glaucous lower leaf surfaces. ward near the margin and becoming weakly loop- The deep tube, constricted near the apex, connected the upper half of the lamina. Petioles floral in mm 11. cm resembles the shape of Aniba flowers. However, 5 long, to 6 thick, canaliculate, with and same indument the unisexual flowers, anthers with large loceUi the as twigs. Inflorescences in axils cm 15-25 the smooth, fleshy cupule are characteristic of of leaves or cataphylls, long, densely /s«^/- lichcria. This genus was last revised by Koster- tomentellous, the lateral branches once or twice mans (1937) and in need of an updated treat- cymosely branched, many-flowered. Flowers sessile is The mcnt. closest relatives of E. citriodora are in or nearly so, while, the tepals erect at anthesis. mm 1.52.0 the group of species with a deep receptacle and Tepals equal, long, densely ap- 6, spreading tepals {E. klugii O. C. Schmidt, E. pressed pubescent outside, sparsely pubescent in- hrouniana Mez, E. pyrifoniiis (Noes) Mez, E. side, broadly ovate-elliptic. Male flowers: stamens mrtdUica Kostermans, among others). The glau- 9, 4-celled, glabrous, the outer 6 with inlrorse all Volume Number 2 van der Werff 417 78, New Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru 1991 mm specimens from Jenaro Herrera; ca. long, the filaments distinct, 0.4 their illustration cells, 1 mm mm show rounded long; inner 3 stamens fused, ca. long, does not the abruptly leaf base, al- 1 the extrorse; glands small, globose, attached though they correctly describe this character. Oco- cells at the base of the inner stamens; pistillode linear, tea alata occurs in varillal (see previous species), enclosed by the inner stamens, with a small stigma, Female pubescent glabrous, the receptacle inside. Ocotea infrafoveolala van der Werff, nov. sp. flowers: staminodes 9, traces of anther cells visible TYPE: Ecuador. Zamora-Chinchipe: at the pass but not opening, inner 3 staminodes free; locelli of the Loja-Zamora road, wet scrub, elev. stigma platelike, raised above the staminodes, ova- & 2,900 m, 12 Feb. 1985, Ilarling An- ry globose, glabrous, enclosed in the glabrous re- 21968 GB; MO). dersson (holotype, isotype, ceptacle. Tepals persisting in the fruiting initially Figure 5. Immature stage, but finally deciduous. fruit en- closed in receptacle, mature fruit ovoid, ca. 15 x Arbor parva, ramufis crassis, juvenalibus ferrugineo- 9 mm, largely exserted, the cupule deeply cup- tomentosis, vetustioribus glabris; foliis ellipticis, subtus ferrugineo-tomentosis, valde foveolatis; inflorescentiis ax- shaped. cm hermapbroditis, illaribus, j)aniculatis; floribus ca. 1 Amazonian Peru, from Jenaro Her- Distribution: diametro; staminibus 9, 4-locellatis; staminodiis nullis, cu- downstream rera to the Brazilian border. pula parva. m Paratypes, PERU. LORETO: Prov. Requena, Jenaro Her- Shrub or small tree, 6(10) Twigs an- tall. & rera, Gentry et al 21199, 6 (fl) (MO); Spichlger gular, ferruginous tomentose when young, becom- & Encnrnnrion 6/125, (MO); Vdsquez /67, tree S / (fl) ing glabrous, often with conspicuous scars of fallen Jaramillo 232. S (MO); van der Werff al 10089, et (fl) 6-15 Leaves X 2.5^6 cm, leaves. alternate, (MO); collector unknown, tree 6/125, S (MO); (st) (fl) & Prov. Loreto, Nauta, Vdsquez Jaramillo 5059, 6 strongly coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic -oblong, the (fl) (MO); Revilla 925 (young fr) (MO), 1640, $ (fl) (MO); acute, the base gradually narrowed, at the very tip & Rimachi 3745 (MO); Vdsquez Jaramillo 4483, (fr) base revolute and decurrent on the petiole; the (MO), 8697, (young (MO), 8918, (MO); Prov. 6 fr) (fr) (fl) & upper surface of very young leaves tomentose, this Maynas, border post on Rio Javeri, Gentry Revilla 20897 tomenturn soon disappearing and the surface shiny (MO). (fr) and glabrous except for traces of tomenturn on the Flowers year round (January, April, June, July, main veins and the margin; lower surface with a October, November, December); collected dense, ferruginous tomenturn, the midvein, sec- fruits in March, and November. ondary and tertiary veins with a lanate ferruginous July, Ocotea alata belongs to the O. guianensis group pubescence, the surface between veins covered with of Rohwer (1986) because of nearly sessile a shorter, lighter-colored tomentose pubescence, its flowers, the fused stamens of whorl III, the per- or rarely the tomenturn absent, both kinds of pu- sistent tepals of the young fruit, and the cupule hescence thinner and lighter colored with age; lat- 10- shape. Within group, most closely related eral veins 15 pairs, midvein and lateral veins this it is Mez to O. glomcrata (Nees) s.L, the only species immersed on upper surfaces, but, together with with erect pubescence on the lower leaf surface. tertiary venation, prominently raised on the lower Part of O. glotnerata O, magnlfica O.C. surface, which strongly pitted by the raised re- s.l. is is more Schmidt (isotype, NY). This segregate has larger ticulation; margin of the leaves revolute, leaves with an inrolled base and a typical indument strongly so toward the base of the leaves. Petioles mm cm on the lower leaf ijurface (a dense, tomentellous broad, ca. 5 wide, and to long, but mostly 1 pubescence and longer erect and only poorly defined because of the decurrent laminae; hairs), is me known to from the type collected at the middle pubescence on young petioles a ferruginous to- Two Ucuyali. recent collections from the Tingo mentum, this wearing off with age. Inflorescences 10-16 cm Maria area have the pubescence characters of O. axillary, paniculate, long, branching in cm magn'ifica, but resemble O. glonierata in leaf size the upper half, the peduncle to 10 long; bracts More and absence of an inrolled base. collections supporting the basal branchlets of large inflores- are needed to determine the status of 0. /na^/2(y?ra. cences occasionally leaflike and persisting; inflo- Ocotea alata resembles O. rnagnijica in leaf size, rescence ferruginous tomentose near base, beconi- but can be easily recognized by winged stems ing ferruginous lanate in the distal part. Flowers its and rounded leaf base. Tn the past, have identified hermaphrodite, greenish yellow, sessile or nearly I cited specimens as O. rnagnijica and duplicates so, subtended by a narrowly ovate, ferruginous all mm have been distributed under that name. Spichiger tomentose bract, to 5 long. Tepals 6, equal, mm mm name (1989) also used the O. magnifica for sp ading ovate, 4 long, 3 wide, ferru- et al. — 418 Annals of the Garden Missouri Botanical — — — ^C. Figure 5. Ocotea infrafoveolata. A. Habit. B. Flower. Pistil. D. Stamen of whorl I/II, ventral view. — — E. Stamen whorl III, dorsal view. F. Cupule and fruit. G. Detail of pubescence along midrib on lower leaf surface — (lower half) and upper leaf surface (upper half). H. Leaf base.

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