Neurocritical Care Board Review Neurocritical Care Board Review Questions and Answers Second Edition Editors Asma Zakaria, MD Neurointensivist Division of Medical Critical Care Services Inova Fairfax Hospital; Assistant Professor Department of Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Falls Church, Virginia Pouya Tahsili-Fahadan, MD Neurointensivist Division of Medical Critical Care Services Inova Fairfax Hospital; Assistant Professor Department of Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Falls Church, Virginia; Adjunct Assistant Professor Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland Visit our website at www.Springerpub.com ISBN: 9780826123596 ebook ISBN: 9780826123824 Acquisitions Editor: Beth Barry Compositor: diacriTech Copyright © 2019 Springer Publishing Company. Demos Medical Publishing is an imprint of Springer Publishing Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Medicine is an ever-changing science. Research and clinical experience are continually expanding our knowledge, in particular our understanding of proper treatment and drug therapy. The authors, editors, and publisher have made every effort to ensure that all information in this book is in accordance with the state of knowledge at the time of production of the book. Nevertheless, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the contents of the publication. Every reader should examine carefully the package inserts accompanying each drug and should carefully check whether the dosage schedules mentioned therein or the contraindications stated by the manufacturer differ from the statements made in this book. Such examination is particularly important with drugs that are either rarely used or have been newly released on the market. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Zakaria, Asma, editor. | Tahsili-Fahadan, Pouya editor. Title: Neurocritical care board review : questions and answers / edited by Asma Zakaria and Pouya Tahsili-Fahadan. Description: Second edition. | New York : Demos Medical Publishing, an imprint of Springer Publishing Company, LLC., [2019] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018039932 | ISBN 9780826123596 Subjects: | MESH: Nervous System Diseases–therapy | Critical Care | Examination Questions Classification: LCC RC346 | NLM WL 18.2 | DDC 616.8/0428076–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018039932 Contact us to receive discount rates on bulk purchases. We can also customize our books to meet your needs. For more information please contact: [email protected] Publisher’s Note: New and used products purchased from third-party sellers are not guaranteed for quality, authenticity, or access to any included digital components. Printed in the United States of America. 1819202122/54321 To Mimi and Ayza, who sacrificed their mama time for this project. To Bülent, for teaching me patience and picking up the slack where I faltered. To my parents for always being there. AZ To my wife, Noushin, who has accepted me as I am. I promise to cook for you forever! To my children, Jasmine and Darius. To my mother and my father, Sharareh and Dr. Hossein Tahsili Fahadan. PTF Contents Contributors Preface Share Neurocritical Care Board Review: Questions and Answers, Second Edition PART I. NEUROLOGIC DISEASE STATES: PATHOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, AND THERAPY 1. CNS Ischemia and Hemorrhage Réza Behrouz 2. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Vascular Malformations Bülent Yapicilar and Asma Zakaria 3. Neurotrauma Anand Kaul and Scott R. Shepard 4. Seizures and Epilepsy Grant M. Warmouth, Carolina B. Maciel, and Giridhar P. Kalamangalam 5. Critical Care EEG Hiba A. Haider 6. Neuromuscular Medicine Suur Biliciler, Justin Kwan, Cecile L. Phan, and Mithila Vullaganti 7. CNS Infections Doris Kung and Rohini Samudralwar 8. Toxic–Metabolic Disorders Elissa K. Fory 9. Inflammatory and Demyelinating Diseases Carlos Perez, Shivika Chandra, and Flavia Nelson 10. Neuroendocrine Disorders Matthew Flaherty, Howard J. Fan, and Anh Nguyen 11. Neuro-Oncology Keith Kerr, Yoshua Esquenazi, and Nitin Tandon 12. Encephalopathies Corey E. Goldsmith 13. Clinical Syndromes in Neurocritical Care Howard J. Fan and Asma Zakaria 14. Perioperative Neurosurgical Care Brett Simpson, Yoshua Esquenazi, and Nitin Tandon 15. Pharmacology and Practical Use of Medications in Neurocritical Care Monica Lee, Elizabeth Franco, and Teresa A. Allison PART II. GENERAL CRITICAL CARE: PATHOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, AND THERAPY 16. Cardiovascular Disorders Mehul Desai 17. Respiratory Disorders Aditya Kasarabada 18. Renal Disorders Sumeska Thavarajah and Daphne H. Knicely 19. Endocrine Disorders Farah Meah, Mary Ann Emanuele, Lily Agrawal, Nicholas Emanuele, and Alaleh Mazhari 20. Infectious Diseases Salia Farrokh and Pouya Tahsili-Fahadan 21. Acute Hematological Disorders Soo J. Park and Aaron M. Goodman 22. Acute Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Disorders Philip M. Sommer and Asad Latif 23. Diagnosis of Brain Death Subhashini Ramesh 24. General Trauma and Burns Sasha D. Adams, Nori L. Bradley, and Amy R. Alger 25. Ethical and Legal Aspects of Critical Care Medicine Nasiya Ahmed 26. Principles of Research in Critical Care Suur Biliciler and Justin Kwan 27. Procedural Skills and Monitoring Jing Wang, George W. Williams, and Laith Altaweel 28. Clinical Cases Asma Zakaria, Bülent Yapicilar, and Pouya Tahsili-Fahadan Index