J. New York Entomol. Soc. 107(2-3):171-180, 1999 NAUCORIDAE (HETEROPTERA) OF NEW GUINEA. 5. A REVIEW OF TANYCRICOS LA RIVERS IN IRIAN JAVA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES Dan a. Polhemus Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 105, Washington, DC 20560, U.S.A — Abstract. Two new species ofTanycricos are described and illustrated from the Indonesian province of Irian Jaya, comprising western New Guinea: T. jaetipi n. sp. and T. ziwa n. sp., both fromthe upperWapoga Riverbasin. Additional records are given forpreviously described species of Tanycricos in Irian Jaya, and island wide distribution maps are provided for all species in the genus. The genus Tanycricos was proposed by La Rivers (1971) to hold a set of im- pressively large naucorids from the central mountains ofNew Guinea. An additional species was described by Polhemus and Polhemus (1986), who also provided a revised key. Due to disproportionate collecting effort in eastern New Guinea, all but one of thepreviously named species inthe genus were describedfromthathalfoftheisland, comprising the country of Papua New Guinea. The exception, T. acumentum La Rivers, was described from the Star Mountains ofIrian Jaya, but also occurs widely in the central ranges of Papua New Guinea as well. Until now, no species of Tany- cricos was known to be strictly endemic to western New Guinea, the Indonesian province ofIrian Jaya, thereby producing the impression that the genus was dispro- portionately speciose in the east. This picture has changed, however, based on recent collections from the Wapoga River basin ofnorthwestern Irian Jaya, which have led to the discovery to two new species, described below. These new taxa are apparently restricted to the western portion of the island’s central ranges, and indicate that speciation in the genus is more geographically balanced than was previously evident. All measurements are in millimeters. Specimen depository abbreviations are as indicated in the acknowledgments. The notation “PTFI” in the material examined sections refers to the P. T. Freeport Indonesia mining company, which provided logistical support for the Wapoga Basin surveys. CL numbers refer to collection numbering codes used by the author to cross reference specimens, photographs, and ecological data. Tanycricos jaetipi, new species Figs. 1-3, 6, 8 Diagnosis. A large, robust Tanycricos species (Fig. 1), recognized by the shapes of the male parameres (Figs. 2, 3) and the female subgenital plate (Fig. 6). Description. Brachypterous male. Large for genus, form robust (Fig. 1), basic col- oration medium yellowish brown, shaded with darkerbrown on hemelytra, at muscle 172 JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY Vol. 107(2-3) Fig. 1. Tanychcosjaetipi, brachypterous female, dorsal habitus. 1999 NEW SPECIES OE TANYCRICOS FROM IRIAN JAVA 173 Figs. 2-7. Male parameres of Tanycricos species. 2. T.jaetipi, left paramere. 3. T.jaetipi, right paramere. 4. T. ziwa, left paramere. 5. T. ziwa, right paramere. 6. Female subgenitalplates of Tanycricos species. 6. T.jaetipi. 7. T. ziwa. attachment scars on pronotum, and on dorsal abdomen. Length 19.90; maximum width (across abdomen) 8.60. Head yellowish brown, slightly darker along longitudinal midline and adjacent to eyes, width/length 4.45/3.30; eyes black, shining, rounded, protrusive, anterior/pos- terior interocular width 2.70/2.90, eyes separated from vertex by deep furrows; an- 174 JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY Vol. 107(2-3) Eig. 8. Distribution of Tanycricosjaetipi n. sp. and Tanycricos usingeri La Rivers in New Guinea. teclypeus with basolateral sections adjoining anterior apices of eyes thinned and slightly explanate, apex with a pair (1+1) of shallow depressions to either side of midline, greatly produced anteriorly, projecting farbeyondbase oflabrum and apices of maxillary plates; labrum dark yellow, anterior margin broadly rounded; maxillary plates well developed, horizontally oriented basally, anterior margins upturned ver- tically along margins ofrostral cavity; antennae slender, yellowish, segment IV lon- gest, with tip barely exceeding lateral eye margin; vertex well produced posteriorly behind eyes, margin evenly rounded. Pronotum dull yellowish brown, mottled with darker brown, weakly depressed medially behind vertex of head, width/length (midline) 7.10/3.15, lateral margins broadly arcuate, posterior margin weakly bisinuate, delineated by a deep furrow, anterolateral angles acute, rounded, posterolateral angles obtuse, rounded. Scutellum medium brown, width/length (midline) 5.25/3.30, lateral margins weakly sinuate, basal section with deep transverse sulcus, central section shining. Wings darkbrown, with fine granular microstructure, brachypterous, truncate posteriorly, apices extend- ing to basal section of abdominal tergite IV, embolium delineated by a sinuate fur- row, margin narrowly gold, clavus obscure, membrane represented by a narrow dark flap posteriorly, posterior margin gently curved, venation of hemelytron and mem- brane absent. Abdomen medium brown, with lateral sections of tergites I and II, lateral and posterior sections of tergite III, all of tergite IV, lateral sections of tergite V, lateral and posterior sections oftergite VI, and lateral sections oftergite VII exposed; lateral margins of all segments fringed with a few long, fine, recumbent, gold setae; pos- terolateral angles of all segments rounded or gently angulate, not produced or spi- nose; visible lateral sections of tergite V not asymmetrical; visible lateral sections of tergite VI each bearing an elongate, raised patch of short dark setae along entire anterior margin. 1999 NEW SPECIES OF TANYCRICOS FROM IRIAN JAVA 175 Ventral surface medium brown, head, medial portions of thoracic plates, and ab- dominal stemites with dense covering of shining, recumbent gold setae; head with prominent medial keel bearing a small raised tooth at posterior apex; prostemum with low longitudinal medial carina, more prominently raised anteriorly; proepimeron bear- ing an elongate oval golden sense organ set inside lateral margin behind anterolateral angle, mesostemal plate small, not raised, lacking a medial carina; mesepimeron, me- tastemum, and metepimeron bare, lacking hydrofuge pile; abdominal paratergites I- VI with scattered paired, glabrous, ovate depressions in the hair pile lying inward from spiracles; spiracles marked by slightly raised hair clumps. Legs dark yellowish brown to medium brown, finely spotted with dark brown on dorsal surface of fore femur; anterior femora with posterior margin bearing a ridge of small dark tubercles lying just posterior to a band of long, recumbent gold setae, anterior margin bearing a thick pad of short, stiff gold setae; anterior tibia slender, gently curving, bearing a single tarsal segment and claw; middle and posteriorcoxae each with single raised brown tubercle apically; middle and posteriorfemorabearing numerous tiny reddish spinules on anterior and posterior faces; middle and posterior tibiae set with numerous small, reddish spines and spinules, apices with 5 and 6 transverse rows of reddish spines respectively; middle and posterior femora, tibiae and tarsi all bearing fringes oflong, golden swimming hairs along posteriormargins; claws sharply bent, tips dark, parempodia setiform. Genitalia with left paramere moderately stout, broadly curving, bearing a small projecting tab near the center ofthe outer margin (Fig. 2); right paramere L-shaped, distal section fluted, with an elongate depression on the inner face that cradles the phallotheca when the structures are at rest (Fig. 3). Brachypterousfemale. Similar to brachypterous male in general structure and col- oration, but with following exceptions: length 17.60, maximum width (across ab- domen) 8.35. Subgenital plate narrowed on distal section, with a deep, V-shaped medial incision at tip (Fig. 6). Macropterousfemale. Similar to brachypterous male in general structure and col- oration, but with following exceptions: Form slenderandparallel sided, length 19.00, maximum width (across abdomen) 8.05; scutellum shining black, raised, swollen; hemelytra with clavus and claval vein well defined, membrane in existing specimen disintegrated; prostemum raised and swollen posteromedially. Macropterous male. Unknown. Etymology. The name “jaetipi” is an arbitary combination of letters that is acous- tically identical to the initials ofJohn T. Polhemus, and thereby honors this outstand- ing heteropterist. Discussion. In general appearance, T. jaetipi is similar to T. usingeri, but the two species may be immediately separated by the shape of the male parameres (Figs. 2, 3), and the shape ofthe female subgenital plate (Fig. 6). The lateral tab on the outer margin of the left paramere that is diagnostic for T. jaetipi shows only an incipient development in T. usingeri (see Polhemus and Polhemus, 1986, Fig. 4), and the distal portion ofthe paramere is more slender in this species. In females of T.jaetipi the medial incision at the posterior apex of the subgenital plate is relatively narrow, shallow, and V-shaped (Fig. 6), while in T. usingeri it is much deeper and widens to form a rounded opening near the center ofthe plate (see Polhemus and Polhemus, 176 JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY Vol. 107(2-3) Eig. 9. Distribution of Tcmycricos ziwa n. sp., Tanycricos binarius La Rivers, and Tany- cricos froeschneri Polhemus & Polhemus in New Guinea. 1986, Fig. 19). The two species occupy ranges at opposite ends of the New Guinea central ranges (Fig. 8), and may eventually prove to be sister taxa. The type series was taken along the margins ofthe Ziwa River, a large, very swift river dropping rapidly through a mostly unshaded bed of igneous boulders, rocks and cobbles. The few specimens obtained were taken from scattered shallow pockets along the stream margins where current speed was moderated, allowing localized deposition of smaller cobbles and gravel; one such area included the mouth of the small tributary from which the type series of Tanycricos ziwa was obtained (see below). These same areas also supported additional naucorids in the generaIdiocarus and Nesocricos. Types. Holotype: brachypterous female, INDONESIA, IrianJayaProv., New Guin- ea, upper Ziwa River at PTFI Wapoga Alpha drilling camp, 1,050 m (3,500 ft), water temp. 19°C, 19 April 1998, 08:00-12:00 h, 3°08.69'S, 136°34.42'E, CL 7101, D. A. Polhemus (LIPI). Paratypes: INDONESIA, Irian Jaya Prov., New Guinea: 1 bra- chypterous male, 1 macropterous female, same data as holotype (USNM). Tanycricos ziwa, new species Figs. 3, 4, 7, 9 Diagnosis. A relatively small and slender Tanycricos species, recognized by the shapes of the male parameres (Figs. 4, 5) and the female subgenital plate (Fig. 7). Description. Brachypterous male. Small for genus, form elongate, basic coloration yellowish brown, shaded with darker brown on hemelytra and at muscle attachment scars on pronotum. Length 14.50; maximum width (across abdomen) 7.15. Head yellowish brown, slightly darker along longitudinal midline and adjacent to eyes, width/length 3.75/2.95; eyes dark brown, shining, rounded, protrusive, anterior/ posterior interocular width 2.15/2.20, eyes separated from vertex by deep furrows; anteclypeus with basolateral sections adjoining anterior apices of eyes thinned and 1999 NEW SPECIES OF TANYCRICOS FROM IRIAN JAVA 177 slightly explanate, apex with a pair (1+1) of shallow depressions to either side of midline, greatly produced anteriorly, projecting farbeyondbase oflabrum and apices ofmaxillary plates; labrum dark yellow, anterior margin broadly rounded; maxillary plates well developed, horizontally oriented basally, anterior margins upturned ver- tically along margins ofrostral cavity; antennae slender, yellowish, segment IV lon- gest, with tip barely exceeding lateral eye margin; vertex well produced posteriorly behind eyes, margin evenly rounded. Pronotum yellowish brown, mottled with darker brown, weakly depressed medi- ally behind vertex ofhead, width/length (midline) 5.75/2.50, lateral margins broadly arcuate, posteriormargin weakly bisinuate, delineatedby adeep furrow, anterolateral angles acute, sharp, posterolateral angles obtuse, rounded. Scutellum yellowish brown, width/length (midline) 2.25/4.20, lateral margins weakly sinuate, basal sec- tion with deep transverse sulcus, central section rugulose, posterior apex with trans- verse striae. Wings dark brown, with hne granular microstructure, brachypterous, truncateposteriorly, notattainingposteriormargin ofabdominaltergiteIII, embolium golden yellow, delineatedby a sinuate furrow, clavus obscure, membranerepresented by a small dark flap posteriorly, venation of hemelytron and membrane absent. Abdomen medium brown, with lateral sections of tergites I and II, lateral and posterior sections of tergite III, all of tergite IV, lateral sections of tergite V, lateral andposterior sections oftergite VI, and lateral sections oftergite VIIexposed; lateral margins ofall segments fringed with short, stiffgold setae and long, fine, recumbent, gold setae; posterolateral angles of all segments rounded or gently angulate, not produced or spinose; visible lateral sections oftergite V slightly asymmetrical, more greatly produced on left side; visible lateral sections of tergite VI each bearing a round, raised patch of short dark setae near anterior margin. Ventral surface medium brown, head, medial portions of thoracic plates, and ab- dominal ventrites with dense covering of shining, recumbent gold setae; head with prominent medial keel lacking teeth at anterior and posterior apices, prostemumwith low longitudinal medial carina, more prominently raised anteriorly; proepimeron bearing an elongate oval golden sense organ set inside lateral margin behind antero- lateral angle, mesostemal plate small, not raised, lacking a medial carina; mesepi- meron, metasternum, and metepimeron bare, lacking hydrofuge pile; abdominal par- atergites I-VI with scattered paired, glabrous, ovate depressions in the hairpile lying inward from spiracles; spiracles marked by slightly raised hair clumps. Legs dark yellowish, finely spotted with brown on dorsal surface of fore femur; anterior femora with posterior margin bearing a ridge of small dark spinules lying just posterior to a band of long, recumbent gold setae, anterior margin bearing a thick pad of short, stiff gold setae; anterior tibia slender, gently curving, bearing a single tarsal segment and claw; middle and posterior coxae each with single raised gold tubercle apically; middle and posterior femora bearing numerous small, dark spinules on anterior and posterior faces; middle and posterior tibiae set with numer- ous small, dark spines and spinules, apices with 4 and 5 transverse rows of dark spines respectively; middle and posterior femora, tibiae and tarsi all bearing fringes of long, golden swimming hairs along posterior margins; claws sharply bent, tips dark, parempodia setiform. Genitalia with left paramere slender and tapering (Fig. 4); right paramere with 178 JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY Vol. 107(2-3) distal section greatly expanded, forming a broad depression which cradles the phal- lotheca when the structures are at rest (Fig. 5). Brachypterousfemale. Similar to brachypterous male in general structure and col- oration, but with following exceptions: form broader and more pear-shaped due to posterior widening of abdomen, length 14.40, maximum width (across abdomen) 7.30; abdominal asymmetry absent. Subgenitalplate broadly and deeply incised me- dially, leaving a pair (1 + 1) ofslender, tapering projections to either side ofmidline (Fig. 7). Macropterousform. Unknown. Etymology. The name “ziwa” is a noun in apposition and refers to the Ziwa River type locality. Discussion. Tanycricos ziwa n. sp. runs to T. usingeri La Rivers in the key of Polhemus and Polhemus (1986) due to the unmodified posterolateral abdominal an- gles in both sexes, but can be easily separated from that species by its smaller size, less robust form, differently shaped male parameres (Figs. 4, 5), and differently shaped female subgenital plate (Fig. 7). The male left paramere is most similar in overall form to that of T. acumentum La Rivers (see Polhemus and Polhemus, 1986, Fig. 2), but is not as slender on the distal half. Similarly, the female subgenital plate has a broad central incision similar to that of T. acumentum (see Polhemus and Polhemus, 1986, Fig. 17), but in T. ziwa this incision is extremely deep and broad, dividing the distal section of the plate into a pair of acuminate processes (Fig. 7). The type series was taken from a clear, shallow tributary to the upper Ziwa River, flowing in a bed ofrocks, cobbles, and gravel, and shaded by primary montane rain forest. Most of the specimens were taken in an open cobble run, with moderate m current speed and water varying from 0.25 to 0.50 in depth. Adults appeared to prefer situations in the lee of larger rocks, while immatures were more widely dis- tributed amid the cobbles and gravels, occurring sympatrically with severalIdiocarus species. Types. Holotype: female, INDONESIA, Irian Jaya Prov., New Guinea, rocky rain- forest tributary to upper Ziwa River at PTFI Wapoga Alpha drilling camp, 1,050 m, (3,500 ft), water temp. 20°C, 18 April 1998, 10:00-17:00 h, 3°08.69'S, 136°34.42'E, CL 7100, D. A. Polhemus (LIPI). Paratypes: INDONESIA, Irian Jaya Prov., New Guinea: 5 females, same data as holotype (USNM, JTPC); 1 male, upperZiwa River at PTFI Wapoga Alpha drilling camp, 1,050 m (3,500 ft), water temp. 19°C, 19 April 1998, 08:00-12:00 h, 3°08.69'S, 136°34.42'E, CL 7100, D. A. Polhemus (USNM). Tanycricos acumentum La Rivers Fig. 10 Tanycricos acumentum La Rivers, 1971, 2: 5. Discussion. This species has proven to be widespread throughout the entire central mountain chain of Irian Jaya at elevations above 1,000 meters. Material examined. INDONESIA, Irian Jaya Prov., New Guinea: 9 brachypterous males, 2 brachypterous females, swift rocky stream in upper Pass Valley, 52 km. NE of Wamena, 2,015 m (6,600 ft), water temp. 14°C, 23 September 1991, CL 2614, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus (JTPC, BPBM, LIPI); 13 brachypterous males, 6 brachyp- terous females, 34 immatures, Okilik River, 5 km. SE of Wamena, 1,850 m (6,070 1999 NEW SPECIES OE TANYCRICOS EROM IRIAN JAVA 179 Fig. 10. Distribution of Tanychcos longiceps La Rivers and Tanycricos acumentum La Rivers in New Guinea. ft), 5 January 1992, R. Ubaidillah (JTPC, BPBM, LIPI); 1 macropterous male, 2 macropterous females, 1 brachypterous male, Bime, 1,400 m, 4°30'S, 140°12'E, 11 September 1993, Balke and Reidel (NHMW, USNM); 1 macropterous male, 1 bra- chypterous male, 1 brachypterous female, Juarima, trib. to Baliem River, 1,850 m, 13 October 1993, Balke and Reidel (NHMW, USNM); 5 males, 2 females, Wabu m River below PTFI Bilogai exploration camp, 2,105 (6,900 ft), water temp. 17°C, 1 April 1997, 08:30-14:00 h, 3°44.69'S, 137°01.75E, PTFI aquatic biodiversity sam- pling station #39, CL 7083, D. A. & J. T. Polhemus (USNM, LIPI). Tanycricos longiceps La Rivers Fig. 10 Tanycricos longiceps La Rivers, 1971, 2: 10. Discussion. This is the first record of this species for Irian Jaya, and comes from the Star Mountains, a mountain range that also extends eastward into Papua New Guinea. Material examined. INDONESIA, Irian Jaya Prov., New Guinea: 2 macropterous males, 1 macropterous female, Emdoman, 800-1,000 m, 4°12'S, 139°55'E, 28 Sep- tember 1993, Balke and Reidel (NHMW, USNM). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank Burke Burnett and Andy Mack ofConservation International fororganizing the survey ofthe Wapoga Riverbasin undertheirRapid Assessment Program, which led tothe discovery ofthe two new species ofTanycricos reported herein. Special thanks are also due to to Scott Baker and Peter C. van den Hoek Ostende (“Papa Tango”) of the P. T. Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) exploration division, and to Howard Lewis and Kent Hortle of the PTFI environmental laboratory, who coordinated logistical support for the Wapoga Basin surveys. The holotypes of the new species described herein are deposited in the collection of the 180 JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY Vol. 107(2-3) Indonesian Institute of Seiences, at Cibinong, Java (LIPI); paratypes are held in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (USNM), and in the J. T Polhemus eol- lection, Englewood, Colorado (JTPC). This research was sponsored by a series of grants from the National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C. (2698-83, 3053-85, 3398-86, 4537-91), and by grants BSR-9020442 and DEB-8528025 from the National Science Eoundation, Washington, D. C. I thank both these organizations for their continued support ofresearch into the systematics and zoogeography of aquatic Heteroptera. LITERATURE CITED La Rivers, I. 1971. Studies ofNaucoridae (Hemiptera). Biol. Soc. Nevada Mem., 2:1-120. Polhemus, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus. 1986. Naucoridae of New Guinea. III. A review of the genus TanycricosLaRivers, withthedescriptionofanew species. J. NewYorkEntomol. Soc., 94(2):163-173.