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Ud1cb A Wl Vjf Cl ***•■ “I •“4ri Cl' Jana-gana-mana NATIONAL SYMBOLS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Public. Resource.Org https://archive.org/details/janaganamananatiOOunse NATIONAL ANTHEM ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 5o4t c|t}j||c? ^ ^ yc?f^ - ^ f^, ^ ^ ^ âfr ct^tt ^ Tr^ ^ ^^, 5 3 y^RdcîkJ' ycbiRid ^ 11 ^ gferwi “^trct ^ ^fr^ ^ crf^^stt ^h^c^hi ^ Wfr 11 RT^t^ M^dTd % 3ftR ^ WT FRT: Rl^ fcT^ ^ ^ ^frlRRld % I 'HR^ ^ RT^t^ 3TT£^lf?Hcb ^TTcRTtR^ cbe^Rl ^ c^ ^2T RfFRRR^ HH^ld vS^’dl ^ 3Tf^rc2TteTt t ^ ^ ^JRRf^T c^dlrH4) RR^WRMT ^ RJ^ 11 ^ ,R-dcM ff ^ RqRT^ ^TR^ ^ RT^ ^ RTfa^ ^ 4 3 11 ^ f^, RT^ RT^ ^ rT2TTRT^ ^ ^ HlRcT ^ ^-ddddl RT^ ^ ^STT t, ■RrT^ WR ^HlRrdcbK, RRfRTRRR, RRM ^^TTR^ fcRflRR^ ^TR^ ^ ^-qf^RRM^ ^RT ^ R^Rf^ ^ f^, RRTR RTlf^ ^ ^(rl^R? ^ 3Rj^ ^ ST^RTT RRReT RR RR^ ^RdR^ ^ ^ ^ RTR^ t OTTR M^fel—c|d'i-Mf?l d’STT i^lPMdd ^ RkRRRR, 0RI, RRffcTRRR 3TSTcn' Rcfe ^^ddled^ ^ ^fRPTT ^rRcT 1%^ 11 RR^ fTcfr ^ 3T^RTTR, RRTeT ^ 3TRRT RR WTtRF^ f^Wfr R?r cilR^R^cHI ^ ^§TT gRefWfRT dd,Rld R?r RPJ^ ^R^R ^ RRT 1610 |r1^ ^ ^ ^ ftdffrl ^ “^fr tRRT RTT RRf^ 11 RRT^ ^RcRRT RFRT RN^ ^ Wf ^ ^frT^ ^ Rn'cHidl t, f^RR^ RcfRRT ^ OTtR ^ 3TT^ RT^ RtRrR t cTSTT MT^ ^ -R^R frR ^RR^ RFRT ^ RkRRW tR| oL| ^ ^ RTR^ 3 3 3 WRR RT^ RRRT t%^ 11 RTTRf^^ ^ RR RtâRR ^ ^ ^ RRRRRT R^ RSRRRR fâTRTR RRT^ ^ RRRR^ RTR-STT^ ^SR 3R^ MRlIÎR) RRt^ ^ v3Md^ RR^^ ^ RRxT RRRRR^ RR WTtR f%RT 11 RRT Rcbl^'R ^ fWR ^ 31-^R5R^ efRfr ^ RTRRRTT R^ t 3ftR ^ ^ Rpft ^ Rf^ 3TFfTR RRMr <R^dl ■§■ I RTTR^rfrlR) -did RR yRiaRR 0^ 3RRTT RR RRRRRT RRdRRT RRTR 3^5iic1 R STRMd" RTRT ■JRT ^(fl R^ ddRd RR?fT Rft R^T 3TT51T 3ftR 6RI^ d6M ^^llPl^l, RT^ff^TR^, RkRIRR^, RRRWr ^^RIPirI R?r RTfRffpR^ RRRRTSfT, 3TTR^ 3ftR R^ GTFTPft d^dK P ^ vjiP RTeft t" I ^RT RRRRR RTRT RR> RKdld 'd'SZf R^lRRR R>Rp RT^tR rIrR RRT RRTf^TRTR R?r RTRRT R^ RR RRTRT %RT RRT t 3frR ^RTRTT R^T RTTcft t ^ R^, 3RR RT^ ^ fTR RTRR R^ R0 3TR^ pRT ^ RRT ^ 3TT^ ^ RTlP ^ pRT ^TPr RT^, RT^ RTRR RRT ^ RTRRR?reRTT, -^TR R 3TTRR RRT RR^rfM R^T fcTftRRT RTRT RRR, R RTRRTRRT ^ fcfRR ^RTRRT R^ fâTT RR d^^H I ^PrRR ^ RTRRT ^ ffTR ^ R^ RRlP (d'^ 0y» RRRTRTRT Rêf rrtPt^rtrt Foreword For the celebration of the 50th year of India's independence, the Centre for Cultural Resources and Training has produced eight small booklets on the National Symbols of India- the Emblem, Flag, Anthem, Song, Calendar, Animal, Bird and Flower. These bring out the beauty and sensitivity represented in India's ancient philosophy and culture. National Symbols provide an identity and the choice of symbols often reflect the values of a particular nation. The National Symbols of India are the manifestations of Man's yearning for spiritual and emotional well being, harmony with nature and are the expressions of his artistic creativity through the ages. An attempt has been made in these booklets to give a brief historical background of the National Symbols of free India. For example, the National Flag, Anthem and Song tell us the story of India's Freedom Movement, where great literateurs, musicians, social reformers and thinkers came together to free India from the colonial rule in a manner unique to the history of mankind. Or, for instance, in the booklets of the National Symbols on the Tiger, Peacock or Lotus, one can see how nature - the flora and fauna have inspired the creative genius of the visual artist, poet, musician or dancer. The culmination of the stylised representation of the Lotus can be seen in the architecture of the Bahai temple in Delhi and the rich heritage of the Mughal miniature painting of the Peacock of circa 1610 C.E. The booklet on the Calendar traces the history of the ancient knowledge of calculating time which has resulted in a variety of calendars in use today and Ashoka's philosophy and the great tradition of artistic expressions of his times have given India its National Emblem. The CCRT has used information provided in the records available with government agencies and other authentic sources to make this publication as informative as possible. Numerous people have helped in the production of the publication and the Centre would like to express gratitude to all of them. The CCRT dedicates this publication to the unknown and unsung soldiers of the Freedom Movement and also to the young generation who are, the hope of the future and will carry forward the cultural traditions, ideals and values of our great scientists, philosophers, artists, freedom fighters into the next millennium. This publication endeavours in creating self¬ esteem and national pride in acknowledging the fact of being an Indian and hopes to inspire the youth to take India forward as a leader among nations ; where tolerance, love, respect for man and nature and the diversity of cultures will instil universal values of truth, beauty and goodness. Each booklet provides suggested activities to enlarge the scope of knowledge of the reader. Surendra Kaul Director General TfUJ— ^ ^ ^ wr t ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^[Hif§f?iicb ^ f^^rRT ^ ^ ^ ^ I 3Te2T^ ^ ^ W eTTRTT ^ t ^ ^ ^ mm ^ t, f^TTOT îHlf§(r<Mcb '^V^ldl ^ 11 ^ ^ ^ cf^ t, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^r fcrftiwr t? ^ ^ ^ ^B,PlR^d 3T^ H^dq'iJ^f âWt ^ 3MM, T[^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^B^ ^ ^ #r7[ ^s^y ^ fcT^ ^ ^ ^BFPrT3Tf ^ ^ J^llf^d 11 mm\ 'mtf^ ^ ^ 11% wtb t, ^ ^ ^ t, ^ 3tm ^ 3t^ ^ w^Fpn#B t #? RicslMd: ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 11 ^ vi^ qte ^fei^KH ^ît^^jfldl' ^ yRl^’-Merf ^ i ^ jfld ei’Rbdd^ dCvjfl gKl (elRsia 'cp^ dld^d' ?r§TT ^41"^dl2T cilery ^Kl (eiRsjd 'vdd—"W -PB' I 4 BTt^ #r ^ BRcT ^ WB B^fM ^ f ^ ^ ^ ^BTBBTBBB> B^jf^ B^ vBBPB' BP^ ¥ I B^kBI bMT ^ 'Bpr-B^-BB' B^ BB^ ^ BBB 'Bfixlûl ^ B^BT ^ bMtT %BT 11 27 R^BBR, 1911 B^ Wefr BK Bl4vdPlB) ^ BR RM^f^ RTBT^ BB^ 3Ti^r^mB ^ f^ BTBT BBT BT I B#BBTB ^ RMBB ^ BB^'lf^ld BxBBtf^ Pf^BB ^ BT^ O 4 JANA-GANA-MANA Every song cannot be a National Anthem, whatever be its literary qualities. While conducting a study, one may find that there are very few National Anthems which have been chosen solely on the basis of literary merit. What are the factors which distinguish a National Anthem from any patriotic verse? According to experts, among other things it can be sung in chorus to evoke a feeling of patriotism in a large group of people. Our nation is proud to be independent, as there are countries which are still dependent territories of other nations and principally use the National Anthem of the ruling country. Two of the Indian National Songs having a hallowed history vied with each other for the status of the National Anthem. These are Vande Mataram by Bakim Chandra Chatterjee and Jana-gana-mana by Rabindranath Tagore. Each of the songs are works of India's greatest writers and evoke nostalgic memories. Mahatma Gandhi described Jana-gana-mana, not only as a song but as a devotional hymn. The song was first sung at a political occasion on December 27,1911 on the second day of the Congress session. Bharat Vidhata was the title under which the song was first published in 1912 in Tattvabodhini Patrika of which Rabindranath Tagore was the editor. He himself translated the song into English under the title "The Morning Song of IndiaThe first appearance of the poet's translation was made in the Madanapalle College magazine of Madras. "Tagore's song 'Jaya he' has become our National Anthem", recorded Subhash Chandra Bose's 'Azad Hind Fauj.' They rendered the song into Hindustani and adopted the new version as the National Anthem of the Azad Hind Fauj. On January 24,1950, which was the last day of the twelfth and last session of the Constituent Assembly, the President of the Assembly, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, didoptQd Jana-gana-mana as the National Anthem of the Republic of India. White referring to the question of National Anthem he said that instead of bringing the matter before the House and taking a decision by way of a resolution it would be better if he himself made a declaration in that regard. Dr. Rajendra Prasad issued a statement to this effect: "The compostion consisting of the words and music known as Jana-gana-mana shall be used for official purposes as the National Anthem of India, subject to such alterations in the words as the Government may authorise as occasion arises, and the song Vande Mataram, which has played a historic part in the struggle for India's freedom shall be honoured equally with the Jana-gana-mana and shall have equal status with it." The declaration was received with applause by the Assembly and Jana-gana-mana became the National Anthem of India and the song Vande Mataram was accorded equal status with it. The same day, all members standing the proceedings of the Assembly came to an end with singing of Jana-gana-mana and Vande Mataram. Then the Constituent Assembly adjoined 5 15 3TWr 1947 ^ TFRT -m] ^ Nt^doldl ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ‘^TT^FT ^ 1912 7^ 3t7f^ ^ 'wcT tomr' yfrfe ^ ^ ^ ycbiRid ^stt §tt i wt ^ Y#=^§T ^T7g^ ^ ^ 3tT^ yfPtTf^ atdrrf^ ^ ^ 3t^ 3T^jf^ f^ I ^ 7T^ 3T^;^ 7T?r HddMIe^ cMc^vd TJ^T qf^cbl ^ iT^ ^ ycîRid 1%7TT W| ^ Gfm Tfr 3TT^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^Ttw 7^^ i% titt %t" (■^ %) ^ ^ ^ W 11 ^ 7?^ ^ 1%7TT 3ft^ ^tferPT ^FRT ^ ^9TT 3Tf^ ^ 7^ 3tf^ 24 vddcj^l, 1950 ^ 'WR ^ ^?3TaT #. TOR ^ 'TO-TO-RT' RTO 7^ TO?R 7^ ^ TO ^ TO ^ | TO 7^ g^ ^ ■’T^ 3R^ R^K 'TOtT 061 f% ^ gt ^ 'ddd ^ TOgd’ 3fk TOTR RTO 6 Sine die only to emerge as the (Provisional) Parliament of the Republic of India on January 26,1950. Certain national anthems have numerous verses, only one or two of which are customarily used. The poem of our National Anthem runs into five stanzas but only the first stanza has been adopted as the National Anthem. JANA-GANA-MANA Jana-gana-mana-adhinayak, jaya-he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata Punj aba-Sindhu-Guj rata-Maratha-Dravida-Utkala-Banga Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga uchchhala-j aladhi-taranga Tava subha name jage, tava subha asisa mage, gahe tava jaya gatha. Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka, jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata Jaya he, Jaya he, jaya he, jaya jaya jaya, jaya he. Rabindranath Tagore in Shantiniketan, 1939 7 ^ ^ ^ ^ sTJfFI Wt ^ tlltjuii 3jf^ \3^ ^pTTT | #. TT^ wr^ ^ ^ fc^Rr ^ TT^ ^ ^^nfr ■. ^ ^ ^ ?T^’ 3fk ^ ^ ’TT^ ^ ^ ^ ^fNT ^ ?TTfe^ MRclcf^' ^ arj^TK. 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