REPUBLIC OF SOMALILAND Ministry of National Planning and Development National Development Plan (2012-2016) December, 2011 Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................ iv LIST OF BUDGET AND IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE MATRICES ................................................. vi ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................... viii FOREWORD ...................................................................................................................................... x ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................................................... xi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 1 OBJECTIVE OF THE SNDP ............................................................................................................... 19 1. INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND ............................................................................................ 19 2. SOMALILAND VISION 2030 .................................................................................................... 21 3. CROSS-CUTTING THEMES ...................................................................................................... 25 4. DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ..................................................................................................... 27 5. DEVELOPMENT PILLARS ......................................................................................................... 33 5.1. ECONOMIC PILLAR ......................................................................................................... 33 5.1.1. Macro-economy and Finance Sector ...................................................................... 33 5.1.2. National Planning Sector......................................................................................... 45 5.1.3. Agriculture Sector ................................................................................................... 54 5.1.4. Livestock Sector ...................................................................................................... 67 5.1.5. Fishery Sector .......................................................................................................... 76 5.1.6. Industry, Commerce, and Tourism Sector .............................................................. 82 5.1.7. Mining Sector .......................................................................................................... 90 5.1.8. Private Sector .......................................................................................................... 93 5.1.9. The Diaspora Sector ................................................................................................ 97 5.2. INFRASTRUCTURE PILLAR ............................................................................................. 102 5.2.1. Roads Sector ......................................................................................................... 104 5.2.2. Public Works, Housing and Transport Sector ....................................................... 107 5.2.3. Posts and Telecommunication Sector .................................................................. 112 5.2.4. Civil Aviation Sector .............................................................................................. 117 5.2.5. Information and Media Sector .............................................................................. 122 5.2.6. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Sector .................................. 126 5.2.7. Maritime Sector (Berbera Port) ............................................................................ 130 5.2.8. Las Qoray Jetty Re-Development Project ............................................................. 135 i 5.2.9. Energy Sector ........................................................................................................ 138 5.2.10. Somaliland Electricity ........................................................................................ 144 5.2.11. Water Sector ..................................................................................................... 149 5.2.12. Hargeisa Water .................................................................................................. 154 5.2.13. Somaliland National Printing Agency ................................................................ 162 5.3. GOVERNANCE PILLAR ................................................................................................... 165 5.3.1. Justice Sector ........................................................................................................ 165 5.3.2. Human Rights Sector ............................................................................................. 176 5.3.3. Security and Internal Affairs Sector ...................................................................... 180 5.3.4. Local Governance Sector ...................................................................................... 195 5.3.5. Foreign Relations Sector ....................................................................................... 202 5.3.6. Good Governance and Anti-corruption Sector ..................................................... 208 5.3.7. Standardization and Quality Control Sector ......................................................... 213 5.3.8. Civil Service Sector ................................................................................................ 217 5.3.9. Civil Service Institute ............................................................................................. 222 5.3.10. Somaliland Parliament ...................................................................................... 227 5.3.11. Auditing Sector .................................................................................................. 235 5.3.12. Non-Governmental Organizations Sector ......................................................... 238 5.4. SOCIAL PILLAR .............................................................................................................. 245 5.4.1. Health Sector ........................................................................................................ 245 5.4.2. HIV/AIDS Prevention Sector .................................................................................. 256 5.4.3. Education Sector ................................................................................................... 260 5.4.4. Labour and Social Affairs Sector ........................................................................... 271 5.4.5. Youth, Sports and Cultural Sector ......................................................................... 278 5.4.6. Internally Displaced People (IDPs) and Refugees Sector ...................................... 287 5.4.7. Religious Affairs and Endowments Sector ............................................................ 292 5.5. ENVIRONMENT PILLAR ................................................................................................. 296 5.5.1. Environmental Protection and Rural Development Sector .................................. 296 5.5.2. Disaster Preparedness and Management (DPM) Sector ...................................... 310 6. FINANCING NDP ................................................................................................................... 318 6.1. Capital Requirement .................................................................................................... 318 6.2. Sources of Financing ..................................................................................................... 319 6.3. Implementation and Monitoring ................................................................................. 322 ii 6.4. Assumptions and Underlying Risks .............................................................................. 326 7. ANNEXES .............................................................................................................................. 327 Annex 1: Financing required by Sector ................................................................................... 327 iii LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Investment Requirements by Pillar ................................................................................ 1 Table 1.2 Economic Pillar: Capital Investment Requirement by Sector ......................................... 5 Table 1.3 Infrastructure Pillar: Capital Investment Requirement by Sector ................................ 10 Table 1.4 Governance Pillar: Capital Investment Requirement by Sector ................................... 14 Table 1.5 Social Pillar: Capital Investment Requirement by Sector ............................................. 16 Table 1.6 Environmental Pillar: Capital Investment Requirement by Sector ............................... 16 Table 2.1: Vision by Sector ............................................................................................................ 23 Table 5.1.1: Distribution of Population by Employment Status and Sector (%) ........................... 34 Table 5.1.2: Exports through Berbera Port (2005-2010) .............................................................. 35 Table 5.1.3: Food Imports (Meteric Tons) through Berbera Port (2005-2009) ............................ 35 Table 5.1.4: Imports of Non-Food Items (MT) through Berbera (2005-2009) ............................. 35 Table 5.1.5: Actual Government Revenue (2005-2009) ............................................................... 36 Table 5.1.6: Projected Sources of Tax Revenue for 2011 Budget ................................................ 37 Table 5.1.7: Break Down of Government Expenses in 2011 Budget ............................................ 37 Table 5.1.8: Actual Government Expenditure (2005-2009).......................................................... 38 Table 5.1.9: Budgeted Expenditure for 2011 by Sector ................................................................ 38 Table 5.1.10: Actual Budget Surplus/ Deficit (2005-2009) ........................................................... 38 Table 5.1.11: Average Exchange Rate and Price Index (2007-2011) ............................................ 39 Table 5.1.12: Somaliland RDP Allocation by Pillar (2008-2012) ................................................... 46 Table 5.1.13: Crop Production – Maize, Sorghum (2007-2009) ................................................... 54 Table 5.1.14: Land Suitability Classification for Rain-fed Agriculture in Western Somaliland ..... 55 Table 5.1.15: Irrigation potential of western Somaliland ............................................................. 55 Table 5.1.16: Population Dependent on Farming by Type of Activity .......................................... 57 Table 5.1.17: Livestock Population in Somaliland ........................................................................ 68 Table 5.1.18: Trade – Exports and Imports through Berbera (2005-2009) .................................. 82 Table 5.1.19: Foreign Investment incentives In Somaliland ......................................................... 83 Table 5.2.1: Hargeisa and Berbera Airport Particulars ............................................................... 117 Table 5.2.2: Hargeisa and Berbera Airports Traffic Information (2006-2009) ........................... 117 Table 5.2.3: Berbera Port Traffic 2005-2009 .............................................................................. 131 Table 5.2.4: Regional Distribution of Deep Bore Wells and Dams ............................................. 150 Table 5.3.1: Election Time Table 2011-2015 ............................................................................... 228 Table 5.3.2: Local NGOs Activity by Sectors ............................................................................... 238 Table 5.3.3: Development Aid Disbursed by Sector in 2009 ...................................................... 240 Table 5.4.1: Child and Mother Health Status .............................................................................. 245 Table 5.4.2: Malaria test results in hospitals and MCHs in 2010 ............................................... 246 Table 5.4.3: Public health care facilities and personnel in 2011 ................................................ 247 Table 5.4.4: Private sector health provision ............................................................................... 247 Table 5.4.5: Primary and secondary education enrolment 1995/6 ............................................ 260 Table 5.4.6: Primary and secondary education enrolment 2008/9 ............................................ 261 Table 6.1.1: NDP-Annual Capital Investment Requirements (2012-2016) ................................. 318 Table 6.1.2: NDP-Capital Investment Requirement by Pillar ...................................................... 318 Table 6.1.3: NDP-Financing by Source ........................................................................................ 319 iv Table 6.1.4: Private Investment by Sector ................................................................................. 320 Table 6.1.5: Projected Donor Contribution to NDP (2012-2016) ............................................... 321 Table 6.1.6: Projected Donor Contribution to RDP (2008-2012) ................................................ 321 v LIST OF BUDGET AND IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE MATRICES 5.1.1: Financial Sector: Budget and Implementation Matrix........................................................ 42 5.1.2: Central Bank of Somaliland: Budget and Implementation Matrix ..................................... 44 5.1.3: National Planning and Development Budget and Implementation Matrix........................ 51 5.1.4: Agriculture Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ..................................................... 64 5.1.5: Livestock Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ........................................................ 73 5.1.6: Fisheries Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ......................................................... 80 5.1.7: Industry, Commerce and Tourism Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ................. 88 5.1.8: Mining Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ............................................................ 92 5.1.9: Private Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ........................................................... 96 5.1.10: Diaspora Sector Development Budget and Implementation Matrix .............................. 101 5.2.1: Roads Sector Development Budget and Implementation Matrix .................................... 106 5.2.2: Public Works, Housing and Transport Budget and Implementation Matrix .................... 110 5.2.3: Posts and Telecommunications Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix................... 116 5.2.4: Civil Aviation Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ................................................ 121 5.2.5: Information & Media Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ................................... 125 5.2.6: ICT Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ................................................................ 129 5.2.7: Berbera Port Budget and Implementation Matrix ........................................................... 134 5.2.8: Las Qoray Port Development Budget and Implementation Matrix ................................. 137 5.2.9: Energy Sector Development Budget and Implementation Matrix ................................... 142 5.2.10: Somaliland Electricity Budget and Implementation Matrix ........................................... 148 5.2.11: Water Sector Development Budget and Implementation Matrix .................................. 152 5.2.12: Hargeisa Water Budget and Implementation Matrix ..................................................... 160 5.2.13: Somaliland National Printing Agency Budget and Implementation Matrix ................... 164 5.3.1: Justice Sector budget and Implementation Matrix .......................................................... 173 5.3.2: Attorney General’s Office Development Budget and Implementation Matrix ................ 175 5.3.3: Human Rights Budget and Implementation Matrix ......................................................... 179 5.3.4: Internal Affairs Sector; Budget and Implementation Matrix ............................................ 189 5.3.5: Mine Clearance Budget and Implementation Matrix ....................................................... 191 5.3.6: National Defence Budget and Implementation Matrix .................................................... 193 5.3.7: National Demobilization and Reintegration Budget and Implementation Matrix ........... 194 5.3.8: Decentralization and Local Governance Sector Budget and Implementation matrix ...... 200 5.3.9: Foreign Relations Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ......................................... 207 5.3.10: Good Governance and Anti-corruption Budget and Implementation Matrix ................ 211 5.3.11: Standardization and Quality Control Budget and Implementation Matrix .................... 216 5.3.12: Civil Service Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ................................................ 220 5.3.13: Civil Service Institute Development Budget and Implementation Matrix ..................... 225 5.3.14: Somaliland Parliament Budget and implementation Matrix .......................................... 233 5.3.15: Auditing Sector Development Budget and Implementation Matrix .............................. 237 5.3.16: Non-Governmental Organizations Development Budget and Implementation Matrix. 244 5.4.1: Health Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix .......................................................... 252 5.4.2: HIV/AIDS Prevention Budget and Implementation Matrix............................................... 259 vi 5.4.3: Primary and Secondary Education Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix .............. 266 5.4.4: Higher Education Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ......................................... 270 5.4.5: Labour and Employment Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ............................. 275 5.4.6: Social Affairs Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ................................................ 276 5.4.7: Youth, Sports and Cultural Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix .......................... 285 5.4.8: IDPs and Refugees Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ....................................... 290 5.4.9: Religious Affairs and Endowments Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix .............. 295 5.5.1: Environment and Rural Development Sector Budget and Implementation Matrix ......... 306 5.5.2: Disaster Preparedness and Management Budget and Implementation Matrix .............. 316 vii ACRONYMS ACP African Caribbean and Pacific ADK Aronis – Drettas – Karlaftis - Consulting Engineers Ltd AFPE Accelerated Female Participation in Education ART Anti Retroviral Therapy AU African Union AWEPA Association of European Parliamentarians for Africa Bld Building CBO Community Based Organizations CCPP Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (a disease of goats, but also sheep) CDC Curriculum Development Centre CIDA Canadian International Development Agency COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa DC District Councils DDF District Development Framework DFID Department for International Development DGs Director Generals EDC Education Development Centre EU European Union FAA Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of United States FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FEC Family Education Centre FGM Female Genital Mutilation FLECs Family Life Education Centres FM Frequency Modulation FMD Foot and Mouth Disease GDP Gross Domestic Product GTZ Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit - German International Cooperation H.E. His Excellency HE Higher Education HEDU Human and Economic Development Unit of UNDP HEIs Higher Education Institutions HGA Hargeisa HRD Human Resource Development HRM Human Resource Management ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IDPs Internally Displaced People IPTCS Integrated Prevention, Treatment, Care and Support JPLG Joint Project for Local Government LMIS Labour Market Information System LNGO Local Non-Governmental Organizations M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MBs Mega Bytes viii