The Evolution of Exercise Hardware on ISS: Past, Present, and Future R.E. Buxton1, K.L. Kalogera2, A.M. Hanson3 1University of Houston, Houston, Texas; 2KBR Wyle Science, Technology, and Engineering Group, Houston, Texas; 3NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas. Abstract CEVIS Exploration Exercise Hardware Cycle Ergometer with Vibration Isolation System • Reduced vehicle footprint size (only few cubic inches larger than a During 16 years in low-Earth orbit, the suite of exercise hardware aboard the shoebox). International Space Station (ISS) has matured significantly. Today, the • 3/27/2001 – Installed. • Retains the prime objective of protecting astronaut health & reducing countermeasure system supports an array of physical-training protocols and risk of injury for crew members. serves as an extensive research platform. Future hardware designs are • Currently in use today. • Multiple devices were developed. HRP performed a down select of 4 required to have smaller operational envelopes and must also mitigate known • Top load – 350W. physiologic issues observed in long-duration spaceflight. Taking lessons presented devices. • Vibration Isolation System (VIS)– Passive with Large learned from the long history of space exercise will be important to successful Isolators. development and implementation of future, compact exercise hardware. MED2 (Miniature Exercise Device -2): • Crew can strap themselves to the seat with a seatbelt or • Launched to ISS on Orb-6 as part of the 2x2015 1E Hardware The evolution of exercise hardware as deployed on the ISS has implications for Challenge at JSC. float and hold the frame behind the cycle while riding. future exercise hardware and operations. Key lessons learned from the early • 2/2017 – Hardware checkout. MED2 attaches to days of ISS have helped to: the ARED Footplate, which allows use of the • Enhance hardware performance (increased speed and loads) ARED VIS. • Mature software interfaces. • Spring 2017 – Science Checkout. Evaluation of • Compare inflight exercise workloads to pre-, in-, and post-flight the biomechanical form (n=6) on MED2 musculoskeletal and aerobic conditions. compared to ARED; for high, med, and low loading. • Improve exercise comfort. • MED2 provides resistance and rowing exercise capabilities, which • Develop complimentary hardware for research and operations. allows an assessment of operational volume studies to inform MPCV design. Current ISS exercise hardware includes both custom and commercial-off-the- shelf (COTS) hardware. Benefits and challenges to this approach have Exploration Class Exercise Hardware prepared engineering teams to take a hybrid approach when designing and (Exploration Exercise Equipment Project) EEEP is implementing future exercise hardware. Significant effort has gone into managing the review and down select of Exploration Class consideration of hardware instrumentation and wearable devices that provide Approximately 2,384 hours have been spent cycling Exercise Hardware. These devices will be flown in the important data to monitor crew health and performance. Orion capsule, Cis-Lunar Habitats, and Mars transit with an average load of 162±55 Watts vehicles. The Exercise Physiology and Countermeasures Laboratory (ExPC) performs human-in-the-loop tests on developing hardware. The ISS and ground analogs are T2 TVIS being utilized as test beds for maturation of these devices. Second Generation Treadmill Treadmill with Vibration Isolation System Software Interface • 9/30/2009 – Installed. • 12/3/2000 – Installed. • Currently in use today. NextGen CMS Software GUI • 11/22/2009 – Stowed. • Top speed – 12.5mph. • Software is being designed as a • Top speed – 10mph. common interface for all CMS hardware, • VIS – Passive with accelerometers to detect when the • VIS – Active and would share reducing training time, maintenance treadmill bumps the frame. power with treadmill motor. costs, and increasing user familiarity. • Subject loading – currently loaded with Bungees. • Subject loading – several • During the NEEMO 21 mission, an initial usability study was conducted, resulting times switched between in valuable feedback from aquanauts. Subject. • NextGen software will be deployed with • Loading Device (SLD) and MED2 during upcoming evaluation on Bungees. the ISS. 1,051 hours ran on TVIS covering a Complimentary Hardware distance of 4,664 miles PPFS • Gas analyzer for use on ISS for VO2max test. 5,716 hours ran on T2 with an average speed of Bluetooth iRED • Use for physiologic (heart rate, respiratory rate, skin temperature, etc) 6.7±2.2mph and environmental (radiation, CO2, acoustic) monitoring. Interim Resistance Exercise Device MLS ARED • A device agnostic loading system to split a single cable device into a • 12/12/2000 – Installed. dual cable device. Accelerometers and load cells in the exercise bar • 8/7/2009 – Stowed. Advanced Resistance Exercise Device creating a “smart bar”. • Top load – 150lbs in each canister (300 pounds Force Shoes (X2 & Xsens) and EDLS-ISS Force Plates for ARED combined). • Provide center of pressure and load to generate Ground Reaction • Flex packs create resistance in each canister. • 1/6/2009 – Installed. Forces during static and dynamic resistive exercises. • Currently in use today. • Exercise Bar Load: 0-650lbs • Exercise Cable Load: 0-150lbs. On the horizon… • Resistance provided through use of two vacuum cylinders. • Virtual training environments. • Exercise bench and heel raise • Virtual training coaches and partners. attachments are provided. • Hybrid reality platforms. Approximately 1,582,792 repetitions have been Approximately 998,930 repetitions completed on ARED to date. were completed on iRED.