Management of Service Projects in Support of Space Flight Research Connect and Discover Project Management Challenge 2009 Creative Collaboration Track Presenting author: J. Love Session Outline • Overview • Introduction • The Human System and Space Exploration • The Human Research Program • HRP Service Projects • The ISS Medical Project • The Challenge • Connect and Discover • Creative Collaboration and Practices • Concluding Remarks • Questions and Discussion Microgravity Environment Effects on Humans • Bone density reduction • Cardiovascular alterations • Muscle atrophy • Immune system dysregulation • Ionizing radiation exposure • Vestibular dysfunction • Delayed wound healing • Gastrointestinal disturbances • Hematologic changes • Orthostatic intolerance • Renal stones risk • Psychosocial impacts The Human Body as a Space Exploration System • The human body is a critical system in space flight • Requires characterization, control, optimal integration – Operating bands – Fitness for duty standards • The human system in space exploration requires addressing – Biomedical risks, knowledge gaps, enabling questions, countermeasures – Performance and health requirements The Human Research Program • HRP formed at Johnson Space Center in September 2005, focusing on “investigating and mitigating the highest risks to astronaut health and performance in support of exploration missions”. [HRP-47051] • “Delivers human health and performance countermeasures, knowledge, technologies, and tools to enable safe, reliable, and productive human space exploration”. [HRP-47065] • “The exploration missions include both lunar missions and missions to Mars. Although both mission types involve some of the same human health and performance challenges, each also includes specific challenges…” “HRP research and technology development is phased to supply appropriate deliverables in time to meet the challenges of each mission type as it occurs.” [HRP-47053 Rev C] • “Requirements driving the HRP work and deliverables are derived from the exploration architecture, as well as Agency standards regarding the maintenance of human health and performance”. [HRP-47052 Rev B] HRP Goals & Objectives • Goal: “To provide human health and performance countermeasures, knowledge, technologies, and tools to enable safe, reliable, and productive human space exploration”. [HRP-47051] • Specific Objectives: – “Develop capabilities, necessary countermeasures, and technologies in support of human space exploration, focusing on mitigating the highest risks to human health and performance” – “Define and improve human spaceflight medical, environmental, and human factors standards” – “Develop technologies that serve to reduce medical and environmental risks, to reduce human systems resource requirements (mass, volume, power, data, etc.) and to ensure effective human-system integration across exploration systems” – “Ensure maintenance of Agency core competencies necessary to enable risk reduction in the following areas: • A. Space medicine • B. Physiological and behavioral effects of long duration spaceflight on the human body • C. Space environmental effects, including radiation, on human health and performance • D. Space human factors” [HRP-47051] Organization of HRP HRP Program Elements HHC Projects • Human Health • Exercise Countermeasures Countermeasures (HHC) Project • Space Human Factors and • EVA Physiology, Systems and Habitability Performance Project • Exploration Medical Capability • Flight Analogs Project (FAP) • Behavioral Health and Performance • Non-Exercise Physiological • Space Radiation Project Countermeasures Project • International Space Station • Digital Astronaut Project Medical Project (ISSMP) Flight Analogs Project • FAP provides one technique HRP • “The FAP provides a service and facility for will use to address many critical use by the HRP. This service consists of the questions about how humans can conduct of, and participation in, controlled live and work during extended campaigns, data collection and analysis, missions away from Earth, “and to facilitation of collaboration among medical devise ways to ensure astronaut operations and research communities, and safety and productivity on extended facilitation of collaboration between US and missions”. international investigators.” [HRP-47062] • Formed “to develop, maintain and operate a validated ground-based bed rest analog for microgravity and investigate alternative additional ground-based analogs that may be applicable to HRP research”. [FAP Project Charter] Bed rest subject at Flight Analog Research Center, General Clinical Research Center, UTMB ISS Medical Project “An important component of the HRP involves research on the International Space Station (ISS), a unique laboratory environment in space that enables the collection of critical inflight data necessary for exploration mission risk reduction. The HRP must ensure that the ISS is utilized to the maximum extent possible to perform the essential research and technology development tasks that can only be done inflight.” [HRP-47053 Rev C] • ISSMP “formed to maximize the utilization of ISS in obtaining solutions to the human health and performance problems and the associated mission risks of exploration class missions.” • Its goal is “to maximize the utilization of the ISS and other spaceflight platforms to assess the effects of long-duration spaceflight on human systems to enable Exploration mission success.” [ISSMP Project Charter] ISSMP Objectives • Facilitation and flight validation of NASA’s health, medical, human performance, and environmental standards in time for exploration mission planning and design. • Facilitation of flight quantification of human health and performance risks associated with human spaceflight for exploration missions. • Facilitation of flight validation of countermeasures and technologies to prevent or mitigate adverse outcomes of human health and performance risks. • Facilitation of flight validation of countermeasures and technologies to monitor and treat adverse outcomes of human health and performance risks. • Provision of enabling capacity to facilitate human space exploration with respect to the human system. • Maximization of the opportunity provided by ISS for information and investigations on long duration exposure to spaceflight. • Sustenance and management of personnel, ground facilities, and flight systems necessary to execute HRP flight activities. • Compliance assurance for processes and products with the NASA Policy Directives and NASA Procedural Requirements identified in HRP PRD. [HRP-47057]