IN ACTION SECOND EDITION Kyle Banker Peter Bakkum Shaun Verch Douglas Garrett Tim Hawkins M A N N I N G Covers MongoDB version 3.0 www.it-ebooks.info MongoDB in Action www.it-ebooks.info www.it-ebooks.info MongoDB in Action Second Edition KYLE BANKER PETER BAKKUM SHAUN VERCH DOUGLAS GARRETT TIM HAWKINS MANNING SHELTER ISLAND www.it-ebooks.info For online information and ordering of this and other Manning books, please visit www.manning.com. The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in quantity. For more information, please contact Special Sales Department Manning Publications Co. 20 Baldwin Road PO Box 761 Shelter Island, NY 11964 Email: [email protected] ©2016 by Manning Publications Co. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in the book, and Manning Publications was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, it is Manning’s policy to have the books we publish printed on acid-free paper, and we exert our best efforts to that end. Recognizing also our responsibility to conserve the resources of our planet, Manning books are printed on paper that is at least 15 percent recycled and processed without the use of elemental chlorine. Manning Publications Co. Development editors: Susan Conant, Jeff Bleiel 20 Baldwin Road Technical development editors: Brian Hanafee, Jürgen Hoffman, PO Box 761 Wouter Thielen Shelter Island, NY 11964 Copyeditors: Liz Welch, Jodie Allen Proofreader: Melody Dolab Technical proofreader: Doug Warren Typesetter: Dennis Dalinnik Cover designer: Marija Tudor ISBN: 9781617291609 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 – EBM – 21 20 19 18 17 16 www.it-ebooks.info This book is dedicated to peace and human dignity and to all those who work for these ideals www.it-ebooks.info www.it-ebooks.info brief contents PART 1 GETTING STARTED. ......................................................1 1 ■ A database for the modern web 3 2 ■ MongoDB through the JavaScript shell 29 3 ■ Writing programs using MongoDB 52 PART 2 APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT IN MONGODB.................71 4 ■ Document-oriented data 73 5 ■ Constructing queries 98 6 ■ Aggregation 120 7 ■ Updates, atomic operations, and deletes 157 PART 3 MONGODB MASTERY.................................................195 8 ■ Indexing and query optimization 197 9 ■ Text search 244 10 ■ WiredTiger and pluggable storage 273 11 ■ Replication 296 12 ■ Scaling your system with sharding 333 13 ■ Deployment and administration 376 vii www.it-ebooks.info www.it-ebooks.info contents preface xvii acknowledgments xix about this book xxi about the cover illustration xxiv PART 1 GETTING STARTED. ...........................................1 1 A database for the modern web 3 1.1 Built for the internet 5 1.2 MongoDB’s key features 6 Document data model 6 ■ Ad hoc queries 10 Indexes 10 ■ Replication 11 ■ Speed and durability 12 Scaling 14 1.3 MongoDB’s core server and tools 15 Core server 16 ■ JavaScript shell 16 ■ Database drivers 17 Command-line tools 18 1.4 Why MongoDB? 18 MongoDB versus other databases 19 ■ Use cases and production deployments 22 1.5 Tips and limitations 24 1.6 History of MongoDB 25 ix www.it-ebooks.info