Contents VOLUME 17 NUMBER 1 GvpCs with reduced numbers of repeating sequence elements bind to and strengthen Research Articles cyanobacterial gas vesicles R. Kinsman, A. E. Walsby & P. K. Hayes 1 glmS of Thermus thermophilus HB8: an essential gene for cell-wall synthesis identified The stationary-phase sigma factor o° (RpoS) is immediately upstream of the S-layer gene required for a sustained acid tolerance L. A. Fernandez-Herrero, M.-A. Badet-Denisot, response in virulent Salmonella typhimurium B. Badet & J. Berenguer |. S. Lee, J. Lin, H. K. Hall, B. Bearson & J. W. Foster Identification and characterization of new DNA replication terminators in Bacillus subtilis PhoP/PhoQ transcriptional repression of A. H. Franks, A. A. Griffiths & R. G. Wake Salmonella typhimurium invasion genes: evidence for a role in protein secretion The role of cysteine residues in the transport of D. A. Pegues, M. J. Hantman, |. Behlau & S. |. Miller mercuric ions by the Tn507 MerT and MerP mercury-resistance proteins A multiple site-specific DNA-inversion model A. P. Morby, J. L. Hobman & N. L. Brown for the control of Omp1 phase and antigenic variation in Dichelobacter nodosus A new RNA polymerase sigma factor, o°, is E. K. Moses, R. T. Good, M. Sinistaj, required for the late stages of morphological differentiation in Streptomyces spp. S. J. Billington, C. J. Langford & J. |. Rood L. Potuékova, G. H. Kelemen, K. C. Findlay, Characterization and regulation of the M. A. Lonetto, M. J. Buttner & J. Kormanec expression of FatB, an iron transport protein Co-ordinate, temperature-sensitive regulation encoded by the pJM1 virulence plasmid L. A. Actis, M. E. Tolmasky, L. M. Crosa & of the three Yersinia enterocolitica flagellin genes J. E. Crosa V. Kapatral & S. A. Minnich A physical genome map of the Burkholderia cepacia type strain P. D. Rodley, U. R6mling, B. Tummler VOLUME 17 NUMBER 2 Cloning and molecular characterization of two MicroReview genes encoding adhesion proteins involved in Trichomonas vaginalis cytoadherence 205 Programmed cell death in bacteria: proteic J. F. Alderete, J. L. O’Brien, R. Arroyo, J. A. Engbring, plasmid stabilization systems O. Musatovova, O. Lopez, C. Lauriano & J. Nguyen R. B. Jensen & K. Gerdes Long stretches of short tandem repeats are present in the largest replicons of the Archaea Research Articles Haloferax mediterranei and Haloferax volcanii 211 Comparison of ccd of F, parDE of RP4, and parD and could be involved in replicon partitioning of R1 using a novel conditional replication F. J. M. Mojica, C. Ferrer, G. Juez & control system of plasmid R1 F. Rodriguez-Valera R. B. Jensen, E. Grohmann, H. Schwab, R. Diaz-Orejas & K. Gerdes Cloning and characterization of GPD2, a second gene encoding sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Deletion of DNA lying close to the g/kA locus dehydrogenase (NAD*) in Saccharomyces induces ectopic sporulation in Streptomyces cerevisiae, and its comparison with GPD1 coelicolor A3(2) P. Eriksson, L. André, R. Ansell, A. Blomberg & G. H. Kelemen, K. A. Plaskitt, C. G. Lewis, L. Adler K. C. Findlay & M. J. Buttner tRNA genes and pathogenicity islands: Characterization of a new rho mutation that influence on virulence and metabolic properties relieves polarity of Mu insertions of uropathogenic Escherichia coli J. E. Peters & S. A. Benson A. Ritter, G. Blum, L. Emédy, M. Kerenyi, A. Bock, identification of a novel virulence gene, virA, on B. Neuhierl, W. Rabsch, F. Scheutz & J. Hacker the large plasmid of Shigella, involved in SepA, the major extracellular protein of Shigella invasion and intercellular spreading flexneri: autonomous secretion and K. Uchiya, T. Tobe, K. Komatsu, T. Suzuki, involvement in tissue invasion M. Watarai, |. Fukuda, M. Yoshikawa & C. Sasakawa Z. Benjelloun-Touimi, P. J. Sansonetti & C. Parsot Glucose lowers CRP* levels resulting in Characterization of a novel fibronectin-binding repression of the /ac operon in cells lacking surface protein in group A streptococci cAMP B. Kreikemeyer, S. R. Talay & G. S. Chhatwal H. Tagami, T. Inada, T. Kunimura & H. Aiba 259 An Agrobacterium virulence factor encoded by MicroCorrespondence a Ti plasmid gene or a chromosomal gene is 399 An Archaebacterial elF-1A: new grist for the mill required for T-DNA transfer into plants P. J. Keeling & W. F. Doolittle S. Q. Pan, S. Jin, M. |. Boulton, M. Hawes, 401 The malleability of the carboxy-terminus of the M. P. Gordon & E. W. Nester Escherichia coli f’ subunit of RNA polymerase: 271 The — 16 region, a vital sequence for the a bi functional fusion of the LacZ(a) region utilization of a promoter in Bacillus subtilis and G. C. Rowland & R. E. Glass Escherichia coli M. |. Voskuil, K. Voepel & G. H. Chambliss 281 Evidence that the transcriptional activator VOLUME 17 NUMBER 3 Spo0A interacts with two sigma factors in Bacillus subtilis MicroReviews J. M. Baldus, C. M. Buckner & C. P. Moran, Jr 405 RNA capping enzyme and DNA ligase: a 291 A transcription terminator signal necessary for superfamily of covalent nucleotidyl plasmic Collb—P9 replication transferases A. Mori, K. Ito, K. Mizobuchi & Y. Nakamura S. Shuman & B. Schwer 303 Leucine-responsive regulatory protein plays 411 Rnase P — a ‘Scarlet Pimpernel’ dual roles as both an activator and a repressor L. A. Kirsebom of the Escherichia coli pap fimbrial operon 421 Why does Escherichia coli recycle its cell wall M. W. van der Woude, L. S. Kaltenbach & D. A. Low peptides? 313 Closing in on the toxic domain through analysis J. T. Park of a variant Clostridium difficile cytotoxin B 427 Maturation pathway of nisin and other C. von Eichel-Streiber, D. Meyer zu Heringdorf, lantibiotics: post-translationally modified E. Habermann & S. Sartingen antimicrobial peptides exported by 323 Gradient of genomic diversity in the Gram-positive bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa chromosome W. M. de Vos, O. P. Kuipers, J. R. van der Meer & U. Romiing, J. Griepel & B. Tummler R. J. Siezen 333 Multiple homologues of LuxR and Lux! control expression of virulence determinants and Research Articles secondary metabolites through quorum 439 An intron-containing meiosis-induced sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 recombination gene, rec15, of A. Latifi, M. K. Winson, M. Foglino, B. W. Bycroft, Schizosaccharomyces pombe G. S. A. B. Stewart, A. Lazdunski & P. Williams Y. Lin & G. R. Smith 345 Characterization of the yeni//yenR locus from The extreme C-terminus is required Yersinia enterocolitica mediating the synthesis for secretion of both the native of two N-acylhomoserine lactone signal molecules polygalacturonase (PehA) and PehA-Bla J. P. Throup, M. Camara, G. S. Briggs, M. K. Winson, hybrid proteins in Erwinia carotovora subsp. S. R. Chhabra, B. W. Bycroft, P. Williams & carotovora G. S. A. B. Stewart T. Palomaki & H. T. Saarilanti 357 Identification of a chemotaxis operon with two 461 MxiG, a membrane protein required for cheY genes in Rhodobacter sphaeroides secretion of Shigella spp. \pa invasins: M. J. Ward, A. W. Bell, P. A. Hamblin, H. L. Packer involvement in entry into epithelial cells and in & J. P. Armitage intercellular dissemination A. Allaoui, P. J. Sansonetti, R. Ménard, S. Barzu, 367 A cellulase/xylanase-negative mutation of Streptomyces lividans 1326 defective in J. Mounier, A. Phalipon & C. Parsot cellobiose and xylobiose uptake is mutated 471 Analysis of an Escherichia coli mutant TyrR in a gene encoding a protein homologous to protein with impaired capacity for ATP-binding proteins tyrosine-mediated repression, but still able to Y. Hurtubise, F. Shareck, D. Kluepfel & R. Morosoli activate at o”° promoters T. Kwok, J. Yang, A. J. Pittard, T. J. Wilson & 379 The leucine zipper of Aeromonas salmonicida AbcA is required for the transcriptional B. E. Davidson activation of the P2 promoter of the surface- 483 Evidence for two aromatic amino acid-binding layer structural gene, vapA, in Escherichia coli sites, one ATP-dependent and the other ATP- B. Noonan & T. J. Trust independent, in the Escherichia coli regulatory 387 NodS is an S-adenosyl-.-methionine-dependent protein TyrR T. J. Wilson, V. P. Argaet, G. J. Howlett & methyltransferase that methylates B. E. Davidson chitooligosaccharides deacetylated at the non-reducing end 493 Transcription-induced deletions in Escherichia D. Geelen, B. Leyman, P. Mergaert, K. Klarskow, coli plasmids M. Van Montagu, R. Geremia & M. Holsters D. Vilette, S. D. Ehrlich & B. Michel 505 Direct regulation of the ATPase activity of the VOLUME 17 NUMBER 4 transcriptional activator DmpR by aromatic compounds MicroReview V. Shingler & H. Pavel 603 Gene regulation of siderophore-mediated iron 515 Functional analysis of the pediocin operon of acquisition in Pseudomonas: not only the Fur Pediococcus acidilactici PAC1.0: PedB is the repressor immunity protein and PedD is the precursor V. Venturi, P. Weisbeek & M. Koster processing enzyme K. Venema, J. Kok, J. D. Marugg, M. Y. Toonen, Research Articles A. M. Ledeboer, G. Venema & M. L. Chikindas 611 Region 2 of the Escherichia coli K5 capsule 523 Salmoneila typhimurium responses to a gene cluster encoding proteins for the bactericidal protein from human neutrophils biosynthesis of the K5 polysaccharide S.-Y. Qi, Y. Li, A. Szyroki, |. G. Giles, A. Moir & C. Petit, G. P. Rigg, C. Pazzani, A. Smith, C. D. O’Connor V. Sieberth, M. Stevens, G. Boulnois, K. Jann & 533 Characterization of pra, a gene for replication |. S. Roberts control in pSAM2, the integrating element of 621 The endogenous Sacillus subtilis (natto) Streptomyces ambofaciens plasmids pTA1015 and pTA1040 contain signal G. Sezonov, J. Hagége, J.-L. Pernodet, peptidase-encoding genes: identification of a A. Friedmann & M. Guérineau new structural module on cryptic plasmids 545 Detection of induced $-galactosidase activity in W. J. J. Meijer, A.d e Jong, G. Bea, A. Wisman, individual non-culturable cells of pathogenic H. Tjalsma, G. Venema, S. Bron & J. M. van Dijl bacteria by quantitative cytological assay 633 NusG overexpression inhibits Rho-dependent C. E. Nwoguh, C. R. Harwood & M. R. Barer termination in Escherichia coli 555 Identification and characterization of a cell E. Burova & M. E. Gottesman envelope protein of Haemophilus influenzae 643 Molecular analysis of the two-component contributing to phase variation in colony genes, ompR and env2Z, in the symbiotic opacity and nasopharyngeal colonization bacterium Xenorhabdus J. N. Weiser, S. T. H. Chong, D. Greenberg & W. Fong N. Tabatabai & S. Forst 565 identification of base pairs important for 653 A genomic locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae OmpR-DNA interaction with four genes up-regulated by osmotic stress L. A. Pratt & T. J. Silhavy V. J. Miralles & R. Serrano 575 Anovel locus of Yersinia enterocolitica 663 The dnaK operon of Streptomyces coelicolor serotype 0:3 involved in lipopolysaccharide encodes a novel heat-shock protein which outer core biosynthesis binds to the promoter region of the operon M. Skurnik, R. Venho, P. Toivanen & A. Al-Hendy G. Bucca, G. Ferina, A. M. Puglia & C. P. Smith MicroCoresspondence 675 A third periplasmic transport system for L-arginine in Escherichia coli: molecular 595 Rnase K: one less letter in the alphabet soup characterization of the artP/QMJ genes, U. Lundberg, O. Melefors, B. Sohiberg, arginine binding and transport D. Georgellis & A. von Gabain U. Wissenbach, S. Six, J. Bongaerts, D. Ternes, 597 Comment on the MicroReview by Conrad S. Steinwachs & G. Unden Woldringh (Significance of plasmolysis spaces 687 In Rhizobium meiiloti, the operon associated as markers for perispetal annuli and adhesion with the nod box n5 comprises nodL, noeA and sites. Mol Microbiol, 1994, 14: 597-607) noeB, three host-range genes specifically W. Cook & L. Rothfield required for the nodulation of particular 598 Non-polar plasmolysis spaces in Escherichia Medicago species coli: are they positioned by perispetal annuli or M. Ardourel, G. Lortet, F. Maillet, P. Roche, do they occur randomly? (Response to the G. Truchet, J.-C. Promé & C. Rosenberg MicroCorrespondence by Cook and Rothfield) 701 Saimonelia enteritidis has a homologue of to/C C. Woldringh that is required for virulence in BALB/c mice B. J. Stone & V. L. Miller Erratum 601 Complementation studies with the gas vesicle- 713 An rpoE-like locus controls outer membrane encoding p-vac region of Halobacterium protein synthesis and growth at cold salinarium PHH1 reveal a regulatory role for the temperatures and high pressures in the deep- p-gvpDE genes sea bacterium Photobacterium sp. strain SS9 E. Chi & D. H. Bartlett S. Offner & F. Pfeifer 727 Localized denaturation of oriT DNA within Corrigendum relaxosomes of the broad-host-range plasmid 601 Fur regulation in Yersinia species R1162 T. M. Staggs & R. D. Perry S. Zhang & R. J. Meyer Developmental control of the heat-shock stress Opa-typing: a high-resolution tool for studying regulon in Streptomyces coelicolor the epidemiology of gonorrhoea A. M. Puglia, J. Vohradsky & C. J. Thompson M. O’Rourke, C. A. Ison, A. M. Renton & B. G. Spratt Antisense RNA regulation of the fatB iron Mutational analysis reveals dispensability of transport protein gene in Vibrio anguillarum the N-terminal region of the Aspergillus L. S. Waldbeser, Q. Chen & J. H. Crosa transcription factor mediating nitrogen The deletion of 70 amino acids near the metabolite repression T. Langdon, A. Sheerins, A. Ravagnani, N-terminal end of the sucrose-specific porin ScrY causes its functional similarity to LamB M. Gielkens, M. X. Caddick & H. N. Arst, Jr in vivo and in vitro Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a natural mutant K. Schilein, C. Andersen & R. Benz with an inactivated oxidative-stress regulatory gene: implications for sensitivity to isoniazid Rearrangements in the staphylococcal p-lactamase-encoding plasmid, pIP 1066, V. Deretic, W. Philipp, S.D handayuthapani, M. H. Mudd, R. Curcic, T. Garbe, B. Heym, L. E. Via including a DNA inversion that generates two alternative transposons & S. T. Cole A. Derbise, K. G. H. Dyke & N. El Solh Green fluorescent protein as a marker for gene expression and cell biology of mycobacterial Functional conservation of the Salmonella and interactions with macrophages Shigella effectors of entry into epithelial cells S. Dhandayuthapani, L. E. Via, C. A. Thomas, D. Hermant, R. Ménard, N. Arricau, C. Parsot & P. M. Horowitz, D. Deretic & V. Deretic M. Y. Popoff 791 Referees Green fluorescent protein as a new expression marker in mycobacteria MicroCorrespondence L. Kremer, A. Baulard, J. Estaquier, O. Poulain-Godefroy & C. Locht 799 New name for the positive regulator of the M protein of group A Streptococcus Transcriptional organization and expression J. R. Scott, P. Cleary, M. G. Caparon, M. Kehoe, of noIXWBTUV, a locus that regulates L. Heden, J. M. Musser, S. Hollingshead & cultivar-specific nodulation of soybean by Rhizobium fredii USDA257 A. Podbielski L. G. Kovacs, P. A. Balatti, H. B. Krishnan & S. G. Pueppke VOLUME 17 NUMBER 5 Regulation of nucleoside diphosphate kinase and an alternative kinase in Escherichia coli: MicroReview role of the sspA and rnk genes in nucleoside 801 Transcriptional regulation of bioluminescence triphosphate formation genes from Vibrio fischeri S. Shankar, D. Schlictman & A. M. Chakrabarty D. M. Sitnikov, J. B. Schineller & T. O. Baldwin Asymmetric distribution of the Listeria monocytogenes ActA protein is required and Research Articles sufficient to direct actin-based motility 813 Distinct transcriptional regulation of a gene G. A. Smith, D. A. Portnoy & J. A. Theriot coding for a mitochondrial protein in the yeasts Specific recognition of the Bacillus subtilis gnt Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces cis-acting catabolite-responsive element by a lactis despite similar promoter structures protein complex formed between CcpA and W. Mulder, |. H. J. M. Scholten & L. A. Grivell seryl-phosphorylated HPr The speed of the Escherichia coli fork in vivo Y. Fujita, Y. Miwa, A. Galinier & J. Deutscher depends on the DnaB:DnaC ratio Analysis of the motA flagellar motor gene from K. Skarstad & S. Wold Rhodobacter sphaeroides, a bacterium with a Characterization of domains in the yeast MAP unidirectional, stop-start flagellum kinase Sit2 (Mpk1) required for functional D. S. H. Shah & R. E. Sockett activity and in vivo interaction with protein Binding of the TorR regulator to cis-acting kinases Mkk1 and Mkk2 direct repeats activates tor operon expression M. Soler, A. Plovins, H. Martin, M. Molina & G. Simon, C. Jourlin, M. Ansaldi, M.-C. Pascal, C. Nombela M. Chippaux & V. Méjean Gene-regulatory modules in Escherichia coli: Participation of the purine repressor in control nucleoprotein complexes formed by cAMP—CRP of the carbamoylphosphate synthetase operon and CytR at the nupG promoter in Salmonella typhimurium H. Pedersen, J. Dall, G. Dandanell & C.-D. Lu, S. Katzif & A. T. Abdelal P. Valentin-Hansen Molecular characterization and transcriptional High adhesiveness of encapsulated Neisseria analysis of a multidrug resistance gene cloned meningitidis to epithelial cells is associated from the pristinamycin-producing organism, with the formation of bundles of pili Streptomyces pristinaespiralis M. Marceau, J.-L. Beretti & X. Nassif V. Blanc, K. Salah-Bey, M. Folcher & C. J. Thompson vii 1001 Stress-activated expression of a Streptomyces 1133 Single amino acid substitutions in the pristinaespiralis multidrug resistance gene N-terminus of Vibrio cholerae TcpA affect (ptr) in various Streptomyces spp. and colonization, autoagglutination, and serum Escherichia coli resistance K. Salah-Bey, V. Blanc & C. J. Thompson S. L. Chiang, R. K. Taylor, M. Koomey & 1013 GroEL (Hsp60)-based eubacterial and J. J. Mekalanos organellar phylogenies 1143 Adhesion properties of mutants of A. Viale Staphylococcus aureus defective in fibronectin-binding proteins and studies on the expression of fnb genes C. Greene, D. McDevitt, P. Francois, P. E. Vaudaux, VOLUME 17 NUMBER 6 D. P. Lew & T. J. Foster Research Articles 1153 Molecular genetics and transport analysis of 1015 Identification by in vitro complementation of the copper-resistance determinant (pco) from Escherichia coli plasmid pRJ1004 regions required for cell-invasive activity of N. L. Brown, S. R. Barrett, J.C amakaris, B. T.O. Lee Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin & D. A. Rouch M. Iwaki, A. Ullmann & P. Sebo 1025 Potassium channel activation by 1167 A cell-surface polysaccharide that facilitates rapid population migration by differentiated glutathione-S-conjugates in Escherichia coli: protection against methyiglyoxal is mediated swarm cells of Proteus mirabilis D. Gygi, M. M. Rahman, H.-C. Lai, R. Carlson, by cytoplasmic acidification J. Guard-Petter & C. Hughes G. P. Ferguson, D. McLaggan & |. R. Booth 1177 Lethality of rep recB and rep recC double 1035 Vibrio spp. secrete proaerolysin as a folded dimer without the need for disulphide bond mutants of Escherichia coli M. Uzest, S. D. Ehrlich & B. Michel formation K. R. Hardie, A. Schulze, M. W. Parker & 1189 Four genes, two ends, and a res region are J. T. Buckley involved in transposition of Tn5053: a paradigm 1045 Transcriptional regulation of repressor for a novel family of transposons carrying either a mer operon or an integron synthesis in mycobacteriophage L5 C. E. Nesbit, M. E. Levin, M. K. Donnelly-Wu & G. Y. Kholodii, S. Z. Mindlin, |. A. Bass, O. V. Yurieva, S. V. Minakhina & V. G. Nikiforov G. F. Hatfull 1201 Meningococcal pilin: a glycoprotein 1057 Pilus biogenesis and epithelial cell adherence substituted with digalactosyl of Neisseria gonorrhoeae pilC double knock-out mutants 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxyhexose T. Rudel, H.-J. Boxberger & T. F. Meyer E. Stimson, M. Virji, K.M akepeace, A. Dell, H. R. Morris, G. Payne, J. R. Saunders, 1073 Uptake and nuclear transport of Neisseria |gA1 M. P. Jennings, S. Barker, M. Panico, |. Blench & protease-associated o-proteins in human cells E. R. Moxon J. Pohiner, U. Langenberg, U. Wolk, S. C. Beck & T. F. Meyer 1085 Transcriptional activation of the MicroCorrespondence Escherichia coli bgl operon: negative 1215 Structural and functional similarities between regulation by DNA structural elements the SbcCD proteins of Escherichia coli and the near the promoter RAD50 and MREi1 (RAD32) recombination and J. Singh, M. Mukerji & S. Mahadevan repair proteins of yeast 1093 Characterization of AGT1 encoding a G. J. Sharples & D. R. F. Leach general a-glucoside transporter from 1218 A protein family associated with filament Saccharomyces biogenesis in bacteria E.-K. Han, F. Cotty, C. Sottas, H. Jiang & C. A. Michels N. Firth & R. A. Skurray 1109 Usual regulatory mechanism for a 1219 Domain structure of the outer membrane Streptomyces multidrug resistance gene, pir, transporter protein CyaE of Bordetella involving three homologous protein-binding pertussis sites overlapping the promoter region R. Gross K. Salah-Bey & C. J. Thompson 1121 The recA gene of Lactococcus lactis: Indexes characterization and involvement in oxidative and thermal stress 1221 Keyword Index P. Duwat, S. D. Ehrlich & A. Gruss 1227 Author Index