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Access to the eBook is limited to the first individual who redeems the PIN, located on the inside cover of this book, at expertconsult.inkling.com and may not be transferred to another party by resale, lending, or other means. 2015v1.0 MISCH’S CONTEMPORARY IMPLANT DENTISTRY FOURTH EDITION MISCH’S CONTEMPORARY IMPLANT DENTISTRY Randolph R. Resnik, DMD, MDS Clinical Professor Department of Graduate Periodontology and Oral Implantology Kornberg School of Dentistry-Temple University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Adjunct Professor University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Graduate Prosthodontics Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Clinical Professor Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Allegheny General Hospital Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Surgical Director/Chief of Staff Misch International Implant Institute Beverly Hills, Michigan MISCH’S CONTEMPORARY IMPLANT DENTISTRY, FOURTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-39155-9 Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher‘s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notice Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors or con- tributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Previous editions copyrighted 2008, 1999, and 1993. Library of Congress Control Number: 2020930388 Executive Content Strategist: Alexandra Mortimer Content Development Manager: Rebecca Gruliow Content Development Specialist: Anne Snyder Publishing Services Manager: Julie Eddy Senior Project Manager: Abigail Bradberry Design Direction: Maggie Reid Printed in Canada Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contributors Martha Warren Bidez, PhD* Kevan S. Green, DMD Professor Clinical Professor Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology University of Alabama at Birmingham Kornberg School of Dentistry-Temple University Birmingham, Alabama Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Chapter 6 Clinical Biomechanics in Implant Dentistry Periodontist, Private Practice Philadelphia, PA Diana Bronstein, DDS, MS Associate Director of Predoctoral Periodontology Mayuri Kerr, BDS, MS Nova Southeastern University Clinical Affairs Manager Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Glidewell Dental Chapter 42 Implant Maintenance: Long-term Implant Success Irvine, California Chapter 2 Terminology in Implant dentistry Grant Bullis, MBA Chapter 9 Dental Implant Surfaces Vice President and General Manager, Implants Prismatik Dentalcraft Jack E. Lemons, PhD* Glidewell Laboratories Professor Newport Beach, California Department of Prosthodontics, Surgery, and Biomedical Chapter 3 Functional Basis for Dental Implant Design Engineering University of Alabama at Birmingham C. Stephen Caldwell, DDS Birmingham, Alabama Private Practice Chapter 5 Biomaterials for Dental Implants El Paso, Texas Misch International Implant Institute Carl E. Misch, DDS, MDS, PhD (HC)* Surgical Faculty Member Clinical Professor and Past Director Detroit, Michigan Oral Implant Dentistry Chapter 36 Particulate Membrane Grafting/Guided Bone Temple University Regeneration Kornberg School of Dentistry Chapter 38 Intraoral Autogenous Bone Grafting Department of Periodontics and Implant Dentistry Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Joseph E. Cillo, Jr., DMD, MPH, PhD, FACS Adjunct Professor Associate Professor of Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham Residency Program Director School of Engineering Director of Research Birmingham, Alabama Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Founder Allegheny General Hospital Misch International Implant Institute Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Beverly Hills, Michigan Chapter 13 Dental Implant Infections Chapter 1 Rationale for Dental Implants Chapter 6 Clinical Biomechanics in Implant Dentistry John M. Conness, DDS, FAGD, DICOI Chapter 7 Stress Treatment Theorem for Implant Dentistry Ottawa, Illinois Chapter 8 Treatment Planning: Force Factors Related to Patient Conditions David J. Dattilo, DDS Chapter 16 Available Bone and Dental Implant Treatment Plans Director Chapter 17 Prosthetic Options in Implant Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Chapter 18 Bone Density: A Key Determinant for Treatment Allegheny General Hospital Planning Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Chapter 19 Treatment Plans Related to Key Implant Positions Chapter 39 Extraoral Bone Grafting for Implant Reconstruction and Implant Number Chapter 20 Treatment Plans for Partially and Completely * deceased Edentulous Arches in Implant Dentistry v vi Contributors Chapter 21 Preimplant Prosthodontic Factors Related to Surgical Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Treatment Planning Surgical Director/Chief of Staff Chapter 23 Treatment Planning for the Edentulous Posterior Misch International Implant Institute Maxilla Beverly Hills, Michigan Chapter 24 The Edentulous Mandible: Fixed Versus Removable Chapter 1 Rationale for Dental Implants Prosthesis Treatment Planning Chapter 5 Biomaterials for Dental Implants Chapter 25 The Edentulous Maxilla: Fixed versus Removable Chapter 7 Stress Treatment Theorem for Implant Dentistry Treatment Planning Chapter 8 Treatment Planning: Force Factors Related to Patient Chapter 28 Ideal Implant Positioning Conditions Chapter 29 Maxillary Anterior Implant Placement Chapter 10 Medical Evaluation of the Dental Implant Patient Chapter 33 Immediate Load/Restoration in Implant Dentistry Chapter 11 Radiographic Evaluation in Oral Implantology Chapter 37 Maxillary Sinus Anatomy, Pathology, and Graft Surgery Chapter 14 Pharmacology in Implant Dentistry Chapter 38 Intraoral Autogenous Bone Grafting Chapter 15 Interactive Computed Tomography and Dental Implant Treatment Planning Francine Misch-Dietsh, DMD, MDS Chapter 16 Available Bone and Dental Implant Treatment Plans Clinical Adjunct Professor Chapter 17 Prosthetic Options in Implant Dentistry Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Chapter 18 Bone Density: A Key Determinant for Treatment Kornberg School of Dentistry-Temple University Planning Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Chapter 19 Treatment Plans Related to Key Implant Positions Chapter 5 Biomaterials for Dental Implants and Implant Number Chapter 21 Preimplant Prosthodontic Factors Related to Surgical Chapter 20 Treatment Plans for Partially and Completely Treatment Planning Edentulous Arches in Implant Dentistry Chapter 21 Preimplant Prosthodontic Factors Related to Surgical Neil I. Park, DMD Treatment Planning Vice President of Clinical Affairs Chapter 22 Single and Multiple Tooth Replacement: Treatment Glidewell Dental Options Newport Beach, California Chapter 23 Treatment Planning for the Edentulous Posterior Chapter 2 Terminology in Implant Dentistry Maxilla Chapter 9 Dental Implant Surfaces Chapter 24 The Edentulous Mandible: Fixed Versus Removable Chapter 22 Single and Multiple Tooth Replacement: Treatment Prosthesis Treatment Planning Options Chapter 25 The Edentulous Maxilla: Fixed versus Removable Treatment Planning Ralph Powers, DDS Chapter 26 Basic Surgical Techniques and Armamentarium Adjunct Clinical Professor Chapter 27 Implant Placement Surgical Protocol Medical Diagnostics and Translational Science Chapter 28 Ideal Implant Positioning Old Dominion University Chapter 29 Maxillary Anterior Implant Placement Norfolk, Virginia, Consultant Chapter 30 Mandibular Anatomic Implications for Dental Dental Education Implant Surgery Ralph Powers LLC Chapter 31 Dental Implant Complications Chesapeake, Virginia Chapter 32 Immediate Implant Placement Surgical Protocol Chapter 35 Bone Substitutes and Membranes Chapter 33 Immediate Load/Restoration in Implant Dentistry Chapter 34 Atraumatic Tooth Extraction and Socket Grafting Christopher R. Resnik, DMD, MDS Chapter 37 Maxillary Sinus Anatomy, Pathology, and Graft Prosthodontist Surgery University of Pittsburgh Chapter 40 The Use of Botox and Dermal Fillers in Oral Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Implantology Chapter 26 Basic Surgical Techniques and Armamentarium Robert J. Resnik, MD, MBA Randolph R. Resnik, DMD, MDS Internal Medicine Clinical Professor Cary Adult Medicine Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Cary, North Carolina Kornberg School of Dentistry-Temple University Chapter 10 Medical Evaluation of the Dental Implant Patient Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Adjunct Professor W. Eugene Roberts, DDS, PhD, DHC (Med) Department of Graduate Prosthodontics Professor Emeritus of Orthodontics University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Indiana University School of Dentistry Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Indianapolis, Indiana Clinical Professor Chapter 4 Bone Physiology, Metabolism, and Biomechanics Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Allegheny General Hospital Contributors vii Mohamed Sharawy, BDS, PhD Clinical Professor, Department of Periodontics, Nova Southeastern Professor University Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences Clinical Professor, Department of Graduate Prosthodontics, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University University of Washington Augusta Georgia Chapter 34 Atraumatic Tooth Extraction and Socket Grafting Chapter 12 Applied Anatomy for Dental Implants Chapter 41 Peri-Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis Diagnosis, Classification, Etiologies, and Therapies Amanda M. Sheehan, DDS, DICOI, FAGD Chapter 42 Implant Maintenance: Long-term Implant Success Waterford, Michigan Chapter 40 The Use of Botox and Dermal Fillers in Oral Kevin R. Suzuki, DMD, MS Implantology Associate Professor Graduate Periodontics Jon B. Suzuki, DDS, PhD, MBA Temple University School of Dentistry Professor Emeritus of Microbiology and Immunology (School of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Medicine) Affiliate Professor Professor Emeritus of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Predoctoral Periodontics (School of Dentistry) University of Washington School of Dentistry Temple University School of Medicine Seattle, Washington Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Chapter 41 Peri-Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis Diagnosis, Clinical Professor, Department of Periodontics, University of Classification, Etiologies, and Therapies Maryland Foreword After 50 years of involvement in dental implant evaluation and Having spent many hours discussing the question with Dr. research and 47 years of clinical implant practice, I feel greatly Resnik, I can assure you that he feels, as I do, that implants are honored as well as having a substantial professional responsibility the purview of generalists as well as specialists worldwide. What to provide the Foreword to Misch’s Contemporary Implant Dentistry determines the elements of treatment that individual practitioners authored by Dr. Randolph R. Resnik. Why? This book should, do should be determined by how well they train, by how much simply put, have an incalculable influence on dentistry for years they are committed to lifelong education, and by how well they to come. are influenced by mentors who are open, honest and caring, such Since 1972 I have also served continuously on the Executive as Dr. Resnik. Committee of the International Congress of Oral Implantologists Several aspects of Misch’s Contemporary Implant Dentistry have (ICOI). Today, the ICOI is one of the largest implant societies to be emphasized so that casual reading is not encouraged. There in the world. For many years, Dr. Carl E. Misch and I were Co- are eight sections with 42 chapters, all of which have been updated. Chairman of the ICOI. Since his death, I have acted as CEO. Further, approximately 20 chapters are brand new and present in- ICOI’s mission has always been to promote worldwide dental depth multiple new topics. Dr. Resnik is very aware of how much implant education, research and international fraternity. and how fast the field of oral implantology/implant dentistry is Having known Dr. Randy Resnik for many years, I can assure changing. To this end, Dr. Resnik has asked multiple colleagues, you that he is a shining example of a multi-talented individual researchers and specialists to contribute their knowledge. who has pursued these goals and has dedicated his life to oral Misch’s Contemporary Implant Dentistry, authored by Dr. implantology/implant dentistry and expanding the impact of the Randolph R. Resnik, is a classic guide for the student and the Contemporary Implant Dentistry texts. young practitioner and a valuable reference for well-experienced Because of his extensive teaching and mentoring background, clinicians. he appreciates like few others the “gestalt” of oral implantology/ implant dentistry. With the exponential growth of this field, With great personal and professional respect, fueled by exceptional professional acceptance and growing con- Kenneth W. M. Judy, DDS, FAGD, FACD, MICD sumer awareness, Dr. Resnik has been able to thoughtfully iden- CEO & Co-Chairman, ICOI tify the numerous sources of complications that can occur and Clinical Professor, New York University College of Dentistry, propose many solutions. Further, he makes a strong case that den- New York, New York tal implants are for the many, not just the privileged few. In this Clinical Professor Department of Oral Implantology, Dental view several clinicians around the world are attempting to influ- Medicine Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation ence manufacturers to lower the price of implants or the required Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics, Columbia University number of implants used in specific cases to increase their avail- College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York ability to patients and yet obtain satisfactory results. viii To my wife Diane, and children Christopher and Allison, for their patience and understanding along with enriching my life. ix